The Qin–Doihara Agreement (Chinese: 秦土协定; Japanese: 土肥原・秦徳純協定, romanized: Doihara-Qín Déchún) was a treaty that resolved the North Chahar Incident of 27 June 1935 between the Empire of Japan and the Republic of China.[1] The agreement was made between Kwantung Army negotiator, Kenji Doihara, representing Japan, and Deputy Commander of the Kuomintang 29th Army, General Qin Dechun (Ch'in Te-ch'un), representing China. It resulted in the demilitarisation of Chahar.
As a result of the Qin–Doihara Agreement it was agreed:[2]
- 1.) The commander of the regiment that had detained the Japanese soldiers and the judge advocate of the division concerned was to be dismissed and punished.
- 2.) All units of the Chinese 29th Army were to be withdrawn from the districts of Chahar Province north of Zhangbei.
- 3.) The maintenance of peace and order was to be entrusted to the Peace Preservation Corps of Chahar Province.
- 4.) No Chinese were to be permitted to migrate to and settle in the northern part of Chahar province in the future.
- 5.) No activities of the Kuomintang were to be permitted in Chahar Province.
- 6.) All anti-Japanese institutions and acts were to be banned in Chahar Province.
As a result of the Agreement, Qin became head of the Chahar Provisional Government.
As with the previous He-Umezu Agreement, which gave Japan virtual control over the province of Hebei, the Qin–Doihara Agreement was a first step in the establishment of Japanese control over northern China and Inner Mongolia. The Agreement resulted in considerable anti-Japanese sentiment in China and was one of the causes of the December 9th Movement at the end of 1935.
See also
Notes
References
- Bisson, T.A. (1938). Japan in China. Macmillan (reprint by Thorndike Press, 2007). ISBN 1-4067-2283-9.
- International Military Tribunal for the Far East, Chapter 5: Japanese Aggression Against China