Colorado Party
Partido Colorado
General SecretaryJulio María Sanguinetti
FounderFructuoso Rivera
Founded17 September 1836 (1836-09-17)
HeadquartersMartínez Trueba 1271, Montevideo
IdeologyUruguayan liberalism[1]
Social liberalism[2][3][4]
Republicanism[5]
Batllism[6]
Social democracy
Political positionCentre[7][8][9]
National affiliationCoalición Multicolor
Regional affiliationCOPPPAL[10]
Colors    Red, yellow
Chamber of Deputies
13 / 99
Senate
4 / 30
Intendencias
1 / 19
Mayors
3 / 125
Party flag
Website
www.partidocolorado.com.uy

The Colorado Party (Spanish: Partido Colorado, lit. 'Red Party') is a liberal political party in Uruguay.

Ideology

The party seeks to unite moderate and liberal groups, although its members have had a diverse set of ideologies since its foundation, including Krausism, social democracy, and liberal conservatism, as well as general pragmatism. It was the dominant party of government almost without exception during the stabilization of the Uruguayan republic.

The Colorado Party has traditionally been an ideologically diverse party, with one study from the 1950s noting that "the liberal ideological position assumed by the Colorado. a half-century ago under the drive of Battle has forced the Blancos or Nationalists to become more relatively conservative in position. On the part of both major parties, however, many inconsistencies and many ideological subdivisions, temporary or permanent, occur. Each of the large parties has its conservatives and its liberals, and party lines are often difficult to hold in congressional debate.”[11]

History

At the 2004 national elections, the Colorado Party won 10 seats out of 99 in the Chamber of Representatives and 3 seats out of 31 in the Senate. Its presidential candidate, Guillermo Stirling, won 10.4% of the popular vote and placed third, ending the 10-year rule of the Colorado Party and the two-party system.

Earlier history

The Colorado Party was founded in Montevideo, Uruguay, on 17 September 1836.

Some of its significant historical leaders were Fructuoso Rivera, Venancio Flores, José Batlle y Ordóñez, Luis Batlle Berres, Jorge Pacheco Areco, Juan María Bordaberry, Julio María Sanguinetti, Luis Bernardo Pozzolo, and Jorge Batlle.

The party has historically been the most elected party in Uruguayan history with almost uninterrupted dominance during the 20th century. The Colorados were in office from 1865 to 1959, when they were defeated by the Partido Nacional in the 1958 elections. They returned to office after the 1966 elections. They won the first elections at the end of the military dictatorship, in 1984. They went on to win the 1994 and 1999 elections.

Traditional rivals

From its birth until the last decades of the 20th century its traditional rival was the conservative Partido Nacional (also called Partido Blanco).

Post-2004: defeat at polls and rise of Pedro Bordaberry Herrán

The Colorado Party suffered its worst defeat ever in the 2004 national elections, with little over 10 per cent of the popular vote for its presidential candidate Guillermo Stirling, and having only three out of thirty national Senators. There were many reasons for the party's failure, including the economic crisis and old party leaders.

Pro-Colorado graffito in Montevideo.

Subsequently, to his defeat in 2004, Guillermo Stirling endorsed Pedro Bordaberry Herrán's Vamos Uruguay movement. Bordaberry Herrán became the presidential candidate for the 2009 presidential election, and placed third, with 17 percent of the vote, behind José Mujica and Luis Alberto Lacalle. Bordaberry Herrán placed third again in the 2014 presidential election, with 13% of the vote.

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election Party candidate Running mate Votes % Votes % Result
First Round Second Round
Elections under the Ley de Lemas system
1938 Alfredo Baldomir César Charlone 121,259 33.9% - - Elected Green tick
Eduardo Blanco Acevedo Martínez Thedy 97,998 27.4% - - Lost Red X
Lema 54 0.0% - -
Total votes 219,311 61.4% - -
1942 Juan José de Amézaga Alberto Guani 234,127 40.7% - - Elected Green tick
Eduardo Blanco Acevedo Carlos Vilaró Rubio 74,767 13.0% - - Lost Red X
Williman Mermot 670 0.1% - -
Lema 66 0.0% - -
Total votes 309,630 57.2% - -
1946 Tomás Berreta Luis Batlle Berres 185,715 28.6% - - Elected Green tick
Rafael Schiaffino Daniel Castellanos 83,534 12.9% - - Lost Red X
Alfredo Baldomir Juan Carlos Mussio Fournier 40,875 6.3% - -
Lema 372 0.0% - -
Total votes 310,496 47.8% - -
1950 Andrés Martínez Trueba Alfeo Brum 161,262 19.6% - - Elected Green tick
César Mayo Gutiérrez Lorenzo Batlle Pacheco 150,930 18.3% - - Lost Red X
Eduardo Blanco Acevedo Cyro Giambruno 120,949 14.7% - -
Lema 313 0.0% - -
Total votes 433,454 52.6% - -
1966 Óscar Diego Gestido Jorge Pacheco Areco 262,040 21.3% - - Elected Green tick
Jorge Batlle Julio Lacarte Muró 215,642 17.5% - - Lost Red X
Amílcar Vasconcellos Renán Rodríguez 77,476 6.3% - -
Zelmar Michelini Aquiles Lanza 48,992 4.0% - -
Justino Jiménez de Aréchaga Nilo Berschesi 4,064 0.0% - -
Lema 389 0.0% - -
Total votes 607,633 49.3% - -
1971 Juan María Bordaberry Jorge Sapelli 379,515 22.8% - - Elected Green tick
Jorge Batlle Renán Rodríguez 242,804 14.6% - - Lost Red X
Amílcar Vasconcellos Manuel Flores Mora 48,844 2.9% - -
Juan Luis Pintos Torialli 5,402 0.3% - -
Juan Pedro Ribas Gorlero 4,025 0.2% - -
Lema 604 0.0% - -
Total votes 681,624 41.0% - -
1984 Julio María Sanguinetti Enrique Tarigo 588,143 31.2% - - Elected Green tick
Jorge Pacheco Areco Carlos Pirán 183,588 9.7% - - Lost Red X
Lema 5,970 0.3% - -
Total votes 777,701 41.2% - -
1989 Jorge Batlle Jorge Sanguinetti 291,944 14.20% - - Lost Red X
Jorge Pacheco Areco Pablo Millor 289,222 14.06% - -
Hugo Fernández Faingold Enrique Vispo 14,482 0.70% - -
Lema 1,316 0.06% - -
Total votes 596,964 29.03% - -
1994 Julio María Sanguinetti Hugo Batalla 500,760 24.7% - - Elected Green tick
Jorge Batlle Federico Bouza 102,551 5.1% - - Lost Red X
Jorge Pacheco Areco Eduardo Ache 51,935 2.6% - -
Total votes 656,426 32.3% - -
Elections under single presidential candidate per party
1999 Jorge Batlle Luis Antonio Hierro López 703,915 32.8% 1,158,708 54.1% Elected Green tick
2004 Guillermo Stirling Tabaré Viera 231,036 10.36% - - Lost Red X
2009 Pedro Bordaberry Hugo de León 392,307 17.02% - - Lost Red X
2014 Pedro Bordaberry Germán Coutinho 305,699 12.89% - - Lost Red X
2019 Ernesto Talvi Robert Silva 300,177 12.80% - - Lost Red X

Chamber of Deputies and Senate elections

Election Votes % Chamber seats +/– Senate seats +/- Position Size
1916 60,420 41.2%
87 / 218
 Increase 87 Increase 2nd
1917 63,617 49.4% Unknown Increase 1st
1919 Ran as various factions, see 1919 Uruguayan parliamentary election
1922 Ran as various factions, see 1922 Uruguayan parliamentary election
1925 Ran as various factions, see 1925 Uruguayan parliamentary election
1928 Ran as various factions, see 1928 Uruguayan general election
1931 Ran as various factions, see 1931 Uruguayan parliamentary election
1933 Ran as various factions, see 1933 Uruguayan Constitutional Assembly election
1934 139,832 56.1%
55 / 99
 Decrease 5
15 / 30
 Increase 15 Steady 1st
Senate 125,981 57.0%
1938 219,362 58.4%
64 / 99
 Increase 9
15 / 30
 Steady 0 Steady 1st
Senate 219,375 60.6%
1942 328,596 57.1%
58 / 99
 Decrease 6
19 / 30
 Increase 4 Steady 1st
Senate 328,599 57.2%
1946 310,556 46.3%
47 / 99
 Decrease 11
15 / 30
 Decrease 4 Steady 1st
Senate 310,390 46.3%
1950 433,628 52.3%
53 / 99
 Increase 6
17 / 30
 Increase 2 Steady 1st
Senate 433,440 52.9%
1954 444,429 50.6%
51 / 99
 Decrease 2
17 / 31
 Steady 0 Steady 1st
1958 379,062 37.7%
38 / 99
 Decrease 13
12 / 31
 Decrease 5 Decrease 2nd
1962 521,231 44.5%
44 / 99
 Increase 6
14 / 31
 Increase 2 Steady 2nd
1966 607,633 49.3%
50 / 99
 Increase 6
16 / 30
 Increase 2 Steady 2nd
1971 681,624 41.0%
41 / 99
 Decrease 9
13 / 30
 Decrease 3 Increase 1st
1984 777,701 41.2%
41 / 99
 Steady 0
13 / 30
 Steady 0 Steady 1st
1989 596,964 29.03%
30 / 99
 Decrease 11
9 / 30
 Decrease 4 Decrease 2nd
1994 656,426 32.3%
32 / 99
 Increase 2
11 / 31
 Increase 2 Increase 1st
1999 703,915 32.8%
33 / 99
 Increase 1
10 / 30
 Decrease 1 Coalition (PC–PN) Decrease 2nd
2004 231,036 10.36%
10 / 99
 Decrease 23
3 / 30
 Decrease 7 Opposition Decrease 3rd
2009 392,307 17.02%
17 / 99
 Increase 7
5 / 30
 Increase 2 Opposition Steady 3rd
2014 305,699 12.89%
13 / 99
 Decrease 4
4 / 30
 Decrease 2 Opposition Steady 3rd
2019 300,177 12.80%
13 / 99
 Steady 0
4 / 30
 Steady 0 Coalition (PN–PC–CA–PG–PI) Steady 3rd

National Council of Administration and National Council of Government elections

Election Votes % Council seats +/- Position
1925 Ran as various factions, see 1925 Uruguayan parliamentary election
1926 Ran as various factions, see 1926 Uruguayan general election
1928 Ran as various factions, see 1928 Uruguayan general election
1930 165,069 52.1% Unknown 1st
1932 107,664 67.0% Unknown Steady 1st
Abolished in 1933, reestablished as National Council of Government
1954 444,429 50.6%
6 / 9
 Increase 6 1st
1958 379,062 37.7%
3 / 9
 Decrease 3 Decrease 2nd
1962 545,029 521,231
3 / 9
 Steady Steady 2nd
National Council abolished in 1966, presidential system reestablished

See also

References

  1. ↑ Claps, Manuel Arturo; Lamas, Mario Daniel (1999). El batllismo como ideología. Cal y Canto.
  2. ↑ Giudici, Roberto B.; González Conci, Efraín (1959). Batlle Y El Batllismo. Medina.
  3. ↑ "El elegido para renovar a los colorados". 25 February 2018.
  4. ↑ "Julio María Sanguinetti: "Uruguay no va a dejar pasar un acuerdo con la Unión Europea"". 6 March 2020.
  5. ↑ Caetano, Gerardo (2021). "El "Impulso republicano" del Uruguay del 900: La reforma política del "primer batllismo" (1890-1930)". Varia Historia. 37 (73): 217–250. doi:10.1590/0104-87752021000100008. S2CID 233523381.
  6. ↑ Nahum, Benjamín; Barrán, José Pedro (1982). El nacimiento del batllismo. Ediciones de la Banda Oriental.
  7. ↑ "Ideas y Valores". 10 April 2016.
  8. ↑ Moreira, Constanza (2004). Final de juego: del bipartidismo tradicional al triunfo de la izquierda en Uruguay. Ediciones Trilce. p. 167.
  9. ↑ Caetano, Gerardo; Lanzaro, Jorge Luis (2000). La "segunda" transición en el Uruguay: gobierno y partidos en un tiempo de reformas. Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica. p. 381.
  10. ↑ "Países y Partidos Miembros de la COPPPAL – Copppal". Archived from the original on 21 August 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  11. ↑ Uruguay: Portrait of a Democracy By Russell Humke Fitzgibbon, 1956 P.148-149
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