Rhizostomins are proteins that are part of a pigment family only found in jellyfish in the order Rhizostomeae.[1] These proteins are composed of a Kringle domain inserted within a cysteine-rich Frizzled domain,[1] first identified in 2004 as the blue pigment in the barrel jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo.[2] It also appears in rhizostome jellyfish that do not appear blue, such as in Nemopilema nomurai, which typically presents red-brown coloration. It has been hypothesized that pigments in this family act as a sunscreen, protecting from harmful ultraviolet radiation.[1][3] Natural blue pigments, such as some of the rhizostomins, are rare and there is a growing need for industrial purposes.[4]

References

  1. 1 2 3 Lawley, Jonathan W.; Carroll, Anthony R.; McDougall, Carmel (2021-09-24). "Rhizostomins: A Novel Pigment Family From Rhizostome Jellyfish (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa)". Frontiers in Marine Science. 8: 752949. doi:10.3389/fmars.2021.752949. hdl:10072/409365. ISSN 2296-7745.
  2. ↑ Bulina, Maria E.; Lukyanov, Konstantin A.; Yampolsky, Ilia V.; Chudakov, Dmitry M.; Staroverov, Dmitry B.; Shcheglov, Alexander S.; Gurskaya, Nadya G.; Lukyanov, Sergey (October 2004). "New Class of Blue Animal Pigments Based on Frizzled and Kringle Protein Domains". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (42): 43367–43370. doi:10.1074/jbc.C400337200. PMID 15297465.
  3. ↑ Blanquet, R. S.; Phelan, M. A. (1987-04-01). "An unusual blue mesogleal protein from the mangrove jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana". Marine Biology. 94 (3): 423–430. doi:10.1007/BF00428249. ISSN 1432-1793. S2CID 84985231.
  4. ↑ Santos, Marcela Colombo dos; Bicas, Juliano Lemos (March 2021). "Natural blue pigments and bikaverin". Microbiological Research. 244: 126653. doi:10.1016/j.micres.2020.126653. PMID 33302226. S2CID 228100424.
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