Northern black currant
R. hudsonianum growing in Clearwater National Forest
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Saxifragales
Family: Grossulariaceae
Genus: Ribes
Species:
R. hudsonianum
Binomial name
Ribes hudsonianum
Richardson[1]
Varieties[2]

Ribes hudsonianum is a North American species of currant, known by the common name northern black currant.

Ribes hudsonianum grows in moist wooded areas, such as mountain streambanks and in swamp thickets. They are upright to erect shrubs growing one half to 2 meters (20-80 inches) tall. They are aromatic, with a strong scent generally considered unpleasant.[4] Stems are covered in shiny, yellow resin glands that lack spines or prickles. Leaves are up to 10 centimeters long, divided into three, or rarely five, sharp-toothed lobes, having long hairs on the undersides, studded with yellow glands. Inflorescences are erect, spikelike racemes of up to 50 flowers. Each flower is roughly tubular, with the whitish sepals spreading open to reveal smaller whitish petals within. Fruits are bitter-tasting, black berries, about a centimeter (0.4 inch) wide with a waxy surface, speckled with yellow glands.[4] While bitter, they are edible.[5]

The species is divided into two varieties,[2] each known simultaneously as northern black currants, and by their own individual common, and scientific names; the type variety, R. h. var. hudsonianum, is also known as the Hudson Bay currant;[2][6] whereas R. h. var. petiolare is also known as the western black currant.[2][3]

Hudson Bay currants are found in every province in Canada from Quebec westward; and parts of the United States (Alaska, the Great Lakes region, the northern Rockies, Cascades, Blue Mountains, and other parts of the Northwest).[7][8]

Although Western black currants are found in British Columbia, they are distributed primarily south of Canada in the western U.S. (Wyoming, Montana, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, northern Nevada, northern California, and Utah).[3]

The only states or provinces where both varieties are present are British Columbia in Canada; and the U.S. states of Idaho and Washington.[2]

References

  1. ↑  Species was originally described and published in Narrative of a Journey to the Shores of the Polar Sea ed. 2. 734 (–735). 1823. "Ribes hudsonianum". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved July 26, 2010. Type Information: Locality; calcareous soil, dry woods.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Ribes hudsonianum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  3. 1 2 3 USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Ribes hudsonianum var. petiolare". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  4. 1 2 Morin, Nancy R. (2009). "Ribes hudsonianum". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 8. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  5. ↑ Fagan, Damian (2019). Wildflowers of Oregon: A Field Guide to Over 400 Wildflowers, Trees, and Shrubs of the Coast, Cascades, and High Desert. Guilford, CT: FalconGuides. p. 49. ISBN 1-4930-3633-5. OCLC 1073035766.
  6. ↑ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Ribes hudsonianum var. hudsonianum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  7. ↑ "Ribes hudsonianum". State-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  8. ↑ "Ribes hudsonianum". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
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