Frank Rijkaard
Rijkaard in 2006
Personal information
Full name Franklin Edmundo Rijkaard[1]
Date of birth (1962-09-30) 30 September 1962
Place of birth Amsterdam, Netherlands
Height 1.90 m (6 ft 3 in)
Position(s) Central midfielder, central defender
Youth career
–1973 SC Buitenveldert
1973–1976 Blauw-Wit Amsterdam
1976–1979 DWS
1979–1980 Ajax
Senior career*
Years Team Apps (Gls)
1980–1987 Ajax 205 (47)
1987–1988 Sporting CP 0 (0)
1987–1988 → Real Zaragoza (loan) 11 (0)
1988–1993 AC Milan 142 (16)
1993–1995 Ajax 56 (12)
Total 414 (75)
International career
1981–1994 Netherlands 73 (10)
Managerial career
1998 Netherlands (assistant)
1998–2000 Netherlands
2001–2002 Sparta Rotterdam
2003–2008 Barcelona
2009–2010 Galatasaray
2011–2013 Saudi Arabia
Medal record
Representing  Netherlands
UEFA European Championship
Winner1988 West Germany
Third place1992 Sweden
*Club domestic league appearances and goals

Franklin Edmundo Rijkaard (Dutch pronunciation: [frɑŋk ˈɛtmundoː ˈrɛikaːrt] ⓘ; born 30 September 1962) is a Dutch former footballer and former manager who played as a defensive midfielder. Regarded as one of the best midfielders in footballing history,[2][3] Rijkaard was described by British broadsheet The Daily Telegraph as having been "a stylish player of faultless pedigree".[4]

Rijkaard played for Ajax, Real Zaragoza and AC Milan. With Ajax, he won five Eredivisie titles and the 1994–1995 Champions League. With AC Milan, he won Serie A titles, as well as the 1988–89 and 1989–90 European Cup (Champions League) titles.

He earned 73 caps for the Netherlands national team. He was part of the team that won the 1988 Euro and finished third in the 1992 Euro. He also played in the 1990 and 1994 World Cups.

In his managerial career, he is most well known for his five-year tenure at Barcelona where he won the 2004–05 and 2005–06 La Liga titles, as well as the 2005–06 Champions League. He has also managed the Netherlands national team, Sparta Rotterdam, Galatasaray and the Saudi Arabia national team.

Playing career

Rijkaard with Ajax in July 1981

Ajax

Rijkaard was born in Amsterdam. His father Herman (1935–2010)[5] was a Surinamese footballer who arrived in the Netherlands along with the father of Ruud Gullit and his mother Neel is Dutch; the two boys grew up playing football together in the city.[6] Rijkaard was just 17 when Ajax coach Leo Beenhakker gave him his senior squad debut on 23 August 1980. He made an immediate impact, scoring the third goal in a 4–2 away victory over Go Ahead Eagles, the first league match in the 1980–81 season. He would play another 23 games for Ajax in his first season, netting four goals. In 1981–82, he won his first league championship with Ajax and went on to successfully defend the title the following season.

Rijkaard stayed at Ajax for seven-and-a-half seasons. During this period, he won the Dutch league championship three times (1981–82, 1982–83, 1984–85) and the Dutch Cup three times (1982–83, 1985–86, 1986–87). In the 1986–87 season, he won the Cup Winners' Cup with Ajax over Lokomotiv Leipzig, winning 1–0. In September 1987, what would have been Rijkaard's third season (1987–88) under Dutchman Johan Cruyff as head coach, Rijkaard stormed off the training field and vowed never to play under him again. He was subsequently signed by Sporting CP, but he signed too late to be eligible to play in any competition. He was immediately loaned out to Real Zaragoza, but upon completing his first season at Zaragoza was signed by AC Milan.

AC Milan

Rijkaard played for five seasons at Milan. Playing alongside fellow country-men Marco van Basten and Ruud Gullit, Rijkaard won the European Cup twice (in 1989 against Steaua București and 1990, against Benfica) and the domestic Serie A championship twice. In the 1990 European Cup Final, he scored the only goal to win the cup for Milan.[7]

Return to Ajax

After five seasons in Italy, Rijkaard returned to Ajax in 1993. With Louis van Gaal at the helm, Rijkaard and Danny Blind formed the experienced defensive core of the Ajax team that won the first two of three consecutive Dutch championships. Ajax were the unbeaten champions of the Netherlands in the 1994–95 season, and carried that success into Europe. In his final game, Rijkaard won the Champions League with a 1–0 victory over his former club Milan in the 1995 final at the Ernst-Happel-Stadion in Vienna.[8]

International career

Frank Rijkaard and Carmen Sandries getting married on 10 October 1985

On the international stage, Rijkaard made his debut for the Netherlands in 1981. He was part of the Dutch side that won UEFA Euro 1988 with a 2–0 win in the final over the Soviet Union, playing at centre-back alongside Ronald Koeman.[9] He won a total of 73 caps and scored 10 goals. Rijkaard also played for the Netherlands during the 1990 and 1994 FIFA World Cups and at Euro 1992.

At Euro 1992, Rijkaard set-up Dennis Bergkamp's only goal of the match in the Netherlands' opening win against Scotland,[10][11] and scored the opening goal in a 3–1 win over Germany in their final first round match, which allowed them to top their group.[12] At the semi-final stage against eventual champions Denmark, after setting up Bergkamp's opening goal, Rijkaard scored a late equalizer for the Netherlands in a 2–2 draw, but the Dutch went out on penalties, despite Rijkaard successfully netting his spot-kick.[13][14] He made his final appearance for the Netherlands in the 3–2 defeat against eventual winners Brazil in the quarter-finals of the 1994 World Cup.[15]

Spitting incident

From left: Rijkaard with Ronald Koeman, Erwin Koeman and Ruud Gullit in the Dutch national team in 1983

Rijkaard was the cause of an incident with Rudi Völler when West Germany played the Netherlands in the second round of the 1990 FIFA World Cup. Rijkaard was booked for a tackle on Völler and, as Rijkaard took up position for the free kick, he spat in Völler's hair. Völler complained to the referee and was booked as well. From the resulting free kick, Völler then handled the ball and then went to the ground (according to his own account) to avoid a collision with Dutch keeper Hans van Breukelen, while others, notably Rijkaard and van Breukelen, saw Voller's handball and his resulting action as a dive in hopes for a penalty. Van Breukelen was angry at this but Rijkaard, already annoyed by Völler's previous antics, again confronted the West German by twisting his ear and stamping on his foot. Argentine referee Juan Carlos Loustau sent off both Rijkaard and Völler. As he jogged back to the entrance tunnel, Rijkaard again spat in Völler's hair as they left the pitch. Germany won the match 2–1 and eventually went on to win the tournament.[16] The German press nicknamed him "Llama" for his spitting. Rijkaard would later apologise for his behaviour to Völler, who accepted.[17]

Style of play and reception

Regarded as one of the greatest players ever in his position,[2][3] Rijkaard was a quick, strong, complete and tenacious defensive midfielder, who was praised by pundits throughout his career for his physical and athletic attributes, his work rate, positioning, his acute tactical intelligence and decision-making, as well as his outstanding consistency and ability to read the game. Due to his aggression and versatility, he was also capable of playing as a central or box-to-box midfielder, and even in a defensive role, usually in the centre.[18] Although Rijkaard was known as a strong tackler, he was surprisingly elegant for a player of his size, and also possessed good technique, passing ability, link-up play, and vision, which made him adept at starting attacking plays as a deep-lying playmaker once he won back possession.[18][19] He was also capable of playing in more advanced roles as an attacking midfielder or second striker. Due to his height and physical strength, he excelled in the air; possessed a powerful shot; and was capable of getting forward and contributing to his team's attacking plays by making late runs into the penalty area.[2][3][20][21] Rijkaard was described by British broadsheet The Daily Telegraph as having been "a stylish player of faultless pedigree".[4] In 2004, Rijkaard was named in the FIFA 100, Pelé's list of the 125 World's Greatest Living Footballers.[22]

Managerial career

Early years

Rijkaard's coaching career began when he was appointed manager of the Netherlands national team in 1998. He had previously served as an assistant coach, along with Johan Neeskens and Ronald Koeman under the managerial tenure of Guus Hiddink. At the time, he was not taken seriously as a manager because of his inexperience, but he was able to guide his national side to the semi-finals of Euro 2000. During the group phase, the Dutch team won slowly but surely and managed to get three victories: 1–0 against the Czech Republic, 3–0 against Denmark and 3–2 against France. In the quarter-final, his side produced the biggest win of the competition, a 6–1 result against Yugoslavia. The Netherlands played some of the best football of the tournament, but lost their semi-final match to Italy on penalties; Rijkaard resigned immediately.[23]

During the 2001–02 season, he became manager of Sparta Rotterdam in the Eredivisie, the oldest professional team in the country. Rijkaard enjoyed the down-to-earth atmosphere, although the club was not financially strong.[24] Under his leadership, the club was relegated to the second division for the first time in its history, and he was consequently sacked.

Barcelona

First years

Rijkaard was not out of a coaching role for long, and less than a year after leaving Sparta, he was appointed manager of Barcelona for the 2003–04 season, with Albert Roca as the assistant coach. The season would prove to be a watershed for the club, but not without initial instability. Rijkaard arrived at the club as it entered a new phase, having elected a new president in Joan Laporta and a new managerial board, but with fans unhappy that Laporta had let English midfielder David Beckham snub the chance to join the club. For Rijkaard, the team he inherited, with the exception of new superstar signing Ronaldinho (who was the club's second choice after Beckham), also consisted of many underachieving players from the old guard and era that failed to meet the club and its fans' demands to match archrival Real Madrid's success in the early 2000s, having not won a trophy since 1999.

Rijkaard had a disappointing start at Barcelona that saw some sections of the club's fans call for his resignation, and he drew flak from the media when the team lost to Real Madrid in December 2003.[24] Rijkaard's resilience won through and from 2004 onwards, he achieved a massive turnaround, as the team went from strength to strength. Barcelona finished runners-up in La Liga in 2003–04, having been close to the relegation zone at one point in the earlier stages of the season. Rijkaard then took Barcelona to the next level as he phased out the old guard and rebuilt a new-look side around Ronaldinho, with new players like Deco, Samuel Eto'o, Rafael Márquez and Ludovic Giuly, along with the latest promotion of some young players from the previous era trained in the club's youth teams, including Víctor Valdés, Lionel Messi and Andrés Iniesta. He eventually succeeded in turning around the fortunes of the club, with the strong support of Laporta, and within the next couple of years finally managed to win La Liga both in 2004–05 and in 2005–06.

Champions League title and after

Rijkaard (second from left) with Xavi, Ronaldinho and Puyol at NASA in 2006

Rijkaard became the first Barcelona coach to have won twice at Real Madrid's Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, an achievement which even successful managers like Johan Cruyff, Louis van Gaal and Luis Aragonés were unable to accomplish. His no-nonsense policy on and off the field, and the sparkling football played by his team, won him many plaudits and Rijkaard was among the five nominated coaches for UEFA's Team of the Year 2005. On 8 March 2006, he was also honoured by UEFA for his contributions to the European Cup competition throughout his career as player and manager.[25]

Rijkaard also achieved success on the European stage, winning the 2005–06 Champions League with a 2–1 win against Arsenal in the final. Barcelona had been losing 1–0 for most of the match before his late tactical substitutions proved the decisive factor, as the introduction of Henrik Larsson and Juliano Belletti contributed directly to Barcelona's two goals. The win made him the fifth individual to have won the European Cup both as a player and as a manager, alongside Miguel Muñoz, Giovanni Trapattoni, Johan Cruyff and Carlo Ancelotti, a feat later achieved also by his eventual successor, Pep Guardiola and then Zinedine Zidane.

After losing to Manchester United in the semi-final of the 2007–08 Champions League, Rijkaard was asked whether he would quit at the end of the season, since he had not won anything for two successive seasons. He replied, "I have no intention of leaving. It would be different if the players were saying it is time for me to go but that is not the case." On 1 May 2008, it was reported that Rijkaard allegedly confided to a colleague that he would be stepping down as Barcelona manager at the end of the season, but 24 hours later, he stated in a press conference that he had no intention of leaving the club.[26]

On 8 May 2008, the day after Barcelona's dismal 4–1 defeat to archrivals Real Madrid, Barcelona president Joan Laporta announced that at the end of the 2007–08 season, Rijkaard would no longer be head coach of the first team. Laporta made the announcement after a board meeting, and Rijkaard was succeeded by Pep Guardiola.[27] Laporta made it clear that Rijkaard's achievements "made history" and praised him for his time at the club.

Galatasaray

Rijkaard coaching Galatasaray in 2009

On 5 June 2009, Rijkaard signed a two-year contract to manage the Turkish Süper Lig team Galatasaray, following the resignation of Bülent Korkmaz two days earlier. He was sacked on 19 October 2010 and was replaced with Gheorghe Hagi.

Saudi Arabia

On 28 June 2011, it was announced that Rijkaard would be head coach of the Saudi Arabia national team after a deal was reached with the Saudi Arabia Football Federation.[28] Saudi Arabia were eliminated in the third round of 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification after a 4–2 away defeat to Australia in their last match on 29 February, finishing third in their group.

The 21st Arabian Gulf Cup was the second competition for Rijkaard with Saudi Arabia. The Saudis left the competition at the group stage after losing 2–0 against Iraq, a 2–0 win against Yemen and 1–0 defeat against Kuwait. On 16 January 2013, Rijkaard was dismissed under a confidential contractual termination penalty clause following Saudi Arabia's exit at the tournament.[29]

Later career

In 2013, Florida prep school Montverde Academy hired Rijkaard as their advisor of player development.[30]

In December 2016, Rijkaard announced he would no longer pursue a position as manager.[31]

Coaching philosophy and style

As a coach, Rijkaard's essential philosophy is to guide his team towards playing attack-minded football as a cohesive unit. In doing this, he believes a team can achieve the dual objectives of winning games and ensuring the audience's enjoyment of the spectacle. This follows in the best coaching traditions of Rijkaard's countrymen and forebears Rinus Michels and Johan Cruyff. In this light, it is notable that Michels coached both Cruyff and Rijkaard during their respective participations with the Dutch national team, and that Cruyff himself went on to coach Rijkaard. Nonetheless, Rijkaard believes in working within a contemporary football context and is not out to imitate the styles and tactics of past masters. In his own words:

you gain many impressions from the past. You still have it in your mind when you become a coach, and if something happens you can recall how it was dealt with. But I strongly believe that you cannot copy anyone. The decisions that a great coach made years ago will not necessarily work today.[32]

Rijkaard has evidently learned to curb the quick temper of his playing days and is often a portrait of calm and stability in training and along the touchline. He rarely courts controversy in the media and is more apt now to promote a positive environment and let his team's play speak for itself when faced with intense rivalry or criticism.[33] The tactics used during his tenure as manager of Barcelona best exemplify Rijkaard's commitment to playing stylish attacking football. During the team's 2004–05 and 2005–06 campaigns, the coach frequently fielded a 4–3–3 formation, a system which encouraged the flair and creativity of the players in the front third of the field and created optimal interplay between the midfielders and forwards during attacks, with Ronaldinho being the focal point of the team's offence.[34] Within this system, the four defenders also tended to play in a relatively high position on the pitch to support the midfield, which frequently advanced to participate in the attack. The team generally focuses on maintaining possession in the opponents' half of the field, applying pressure in order to force the opposition to make errors in defense and offensive counter-attacking.

Personal life

Rijkaard comes from a football-playing family. He is the son of Herman Rijkaard, a former footballer who played for SV Robinhood in the Surinamese Hoofdklasse, before emigrating to the Netherlands, where he played in the Dutch Eredivisie for FC Blauw-Wit.[6] His older brother, Herman Rijkaard Jr., is a FIFA certified players' agent who represents various players internationally.[35] Twice divorced, he is currently married to Stephanie and has four children.[36][37][38]

Media

Rijkaard features in EA Sports' FIFA video game series; he was featured in the FIFA 14, FIFA 15, FIFA 16 and FIFA 17 Ultimate Team Legends.[39] For FIFA 18, FIFA 19, FIFA 20, FIFA 21 , FIFA 22 and FIFA 23 he appeared as an ICON player in FIFA Ultimate Team (FUT).

Career statistics

Club

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition[40][41][42][43]
Club Season League Cup Europe Other Total
DivisionAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoals
Ajax 1980–81 Eredivisie 24411–255
1981–82 Eredivisie 27500–275
1982–83 Eredivisie 2538100–334
1983–84 Eredivisie 2393110–2710
1984–85 Eredivisie 3473141–419
1985–86 Eredivisie 3096420–3813
1986–87 Eredivisie 3475092–489
1987–88 Eredivisie 8300110[lower-alpha 1]094
Total 205472571850024859
Sporting CP 1987–88 Primeira Divisão 0000000000
Zaragoza 1987–88 La Liga 11000––110
AC Milan 1988–89 Serie A 31460911[lower-alpha 2]1476
1989–90 Serie A 29260923[lower-alpha 3]0474
1990–91 Serie A 30320403[lower-alpha 4]3396
1991–92 Serie A 30550––355
1992–93 Serie A 222506300335
Total 142162402867420126
Ajax 1993–94 Eredivisie 30104061104111
1994–95 Eredivisie 2622010010392
Total 561260161208013
Career total 4147555762129454098
  1. ↑ 1987 UEFA Super Cup
  2. ↑ Appearance in 1988 Supercoppa Italiana
  3. ↑ Two appearances in 1989 UEFA Super Cup, one appearance in 1989 Intercontinental Cup
  4. ↑ Two appearances in 1989 UEFA Super Cup, one appearance, two goals in 1990 Intercontinental Cup

International

Appearances and goals by national team and year[44]
National teamYearAppsGoals
Netherlands 198110
198250
198332
198420
198550
198640
198740
1988100
198950
199071
199130
1992113
199340
199494
Total7310
Scores and results list the Netherlands' goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Rijkaard goal.
List of international goals scored by Frank Rijkaard[45]
No. Date Venue Opponent Score Result Competition
117 December 1983De Kuip, Rotterdam, Netherlands Malta3–05–0UEFA Euro 1984 qualifier
25–0
33 June 1990Stadion Maksimir, Zagreb, Yugoslavia Yugoslavia1–02–0Friendly
427 May 1992De Baandert, Sittard, Netherlands Austria1–03–2Friendly
518 June 1992Ullevi, Gothenburg, Sweden Germany1–03–1UEFA Euro 1992
622 June 1992Ullevi, Gothenburg, Sweden Denmark2–22–2UEFA Euro 1992
719 January 1994Stade El Menzah, Tunis, Tunisia Tunisia1–12–2Friendly
8 1 June 1994De Kuip, Rotterdam, Netherlands Hungary5–17–1Friendly
96–1
1012 June 1994Varsity Stadium, Toronto, Canada Canada3–03–0Friendly

Managerial statistics

As of 16 January 2013[40][46]
Team From To Record
G W D L Win %
Netherlands June 1998 July 2000 22 8 12 2 036.36
Sparta Rotterdam June 2001 May 2002 38 6 12 20 015.79
Barcelona July 2003 May 2008 273 160 63 50 058.61
Galatasaray 5 June 2009 20 October 2010 67 37 15 15 055.22
Saudi Arabia 28 June 2011 16 January 2013 27 7 9 11 025.93
Total 427 218 111 98 051.05

Honours

Player

Source:[47]

Ajax

AC Milan[18]

Netherlands

Individual

Manager

Barcelona

Individual

Notes

    References

    1. ↑ "Acta del Partido celebrado el 17 de mayo de 2008, en Murcia" [Minutes of the Match held on 17 May 2008, in Murcia] (in Spanish). Royal Spanish Football Federation. Retrieved 16 June 2019.
    2. 1 2 3 "Dutchman who ruled Europe in three shirts". FIFA. Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
    3. 1 2 3 "Frank Rijkaard Biography". history-of-soccer.org. Archived from the original on 7 January 2016. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
    4. 1 2 "Liverpool's Roy Hodgson under fresh scrutiny after Frank Rijkaard leaves Galatasaray". The Daily Telegraph. 20 October 2010. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 21 October 2010.
    5. ↑ "Vader van Frank Rijkaard overleden". at5.nl (in Dutch). 2 October 2010. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
    6. 1 2 Simon Kuper (25 June 2000). "Rijkaard finally gets frank". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
    7. ↑ Bandini, Nicky (24 May 2013). "The great European Cup teams: Milan 1989-90". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
    8. ↑ Ames, Nick (24 May 2020). "'A volcano that exploded': the '95 Ajax side that changed European football". The Guardian. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
    9. ↑ "Van Basten ends Dutch wait". UEFA.com. 5 October 2003. Retrieved 3 November 2019.
    10. ↑ "Netherlands-Scotland UEFA EURO 1992". UEFA.com. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
    11. ↑ Strack-Zimmermann, Benjamin. "Netherlands vs. Scotland". www.national-football-teams.com. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
    12. ↑ "Netherlands-Germany UEFA EURO 1992". UEFA.com. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
    13. ↑ Strack-Zimmermann, Benjamin. "Netherlands vs. Denmark". www.national-football-teams.com. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
    14. ↑ "Schmeichel helps Denmark down Netherlands". UEFA.com. Union of European Football Associations. 5 October 2003. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
    15. ↑ "Brazil end Oranje's American dream". FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. Archived from the original on 19 October 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
    16. ↑ "World Cup: 25 stunning moments … No19: Frank Rijkaard and Rudi Völler". The Guardian. 22 May 2014. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
    17. ↑ "Classic Snapshot: Frank Rijkaard and Rudi Völler". Archived from the original on 29 August 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
    18. 1 2 3 4 "A.C. Milan Hall of Fame: Frank Rijkaard". A.C Milan. Retrieved 9 December 2014.
    19. ↑ Jonathan Wilson (22 April 2009). "The Question: is the box-to-box midfielder dead?". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
    20. ↑ Hitesh Ratna (1 December 2007). "Ruud Gullit: Perfect XI". Four Four Two. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
    21. ↑ "Franklin Edmundo RIJKAARD" (in Italian). magliarossonera.it. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
    22. 1 2 "Fifa names greatest list". BBC. 4 March 2004. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
    23. ↑ "Rijkaard quits after semi-final loss". BBC Sport. 29 June 2000. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    24. 1 2 "King of cool sits well amid frenzy of Camp Nou". The Guardian. 19 February 2005. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    25. ↑ ""Rijkaard takes acclaim"". Archived from the original on 10 January 2008. Retrieved 10 January 2008.. UEFA. 9 March 2006. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    26. ↑ "Frank Rijkaard to leave Barcelona". The Daily Telegraph. 1 May 2008. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    27. ↑ "Guardiola relevará a Rijkaard a partir del 30 de junio" (in Spanish). 8 May 2008. Archived from the original on 12 June 2008. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    28. ↑ "Rijkaard Appointed Saudi Arabia Coach". ESPN Soccernet. 3 July 2011. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
    29. ↑ "Rijkaard sacked as Saudi football coach". arab news. 16 January 2013. Retrieved 19 June 2013.
    30. ↑ Montverde Academy: Frank Rijkaard Joins New Soccer Institute at Montverde Academy Archived 14 September 2013 at the Wayback Machine 8 August 2013
    31. ↑ "Rijkaard zet definitief punt achter trainersloopbaan" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Omroep Stichting. 24 December 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
    32. ↑ "Interview: Frank Rijkaard" (PDF) by Andy Roxburgh. The Technician: UEFA Newsletter for Coaches, No. 31; January 2006. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    33. ↑ "Rijkaard calls on Barcelona fans to show returning Mourinho some respect". The Guardian. 7 March 2006. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    34. ↑ "Pep Guardiola ha escogido: Rafa Márquez es su mano derecha en el campo". Sport (in Spanish). Spain. 13 October 2008.
    35. ↑ "Rijkaard legt beslag op betaling Ajax". AD.nl. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
    36. ↑ "Cookies op AD.nl | AD.nl". ad.nl. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
    37. ↑ "Derde zoon voor oud-voetballer Frank Rijkaard". NU (in Dutch). Retrieved 19 November 2016.
    38. ↑ MUÑOZ, CARMEN (4 June 2010). "Frank Rijkaard se casa en Amsterdam con la exniñera de sus hijos". El Periódico. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
    39. ↑ "FIFA Ultimate Icons: Frank Rijkaard". fifplay.com. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
    40. 1 2 "Frank Rijkaard". Football Database.eu. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    41. ↑ "Frank Rijkaard". National Football Teams. Benjamin Strack-Zimmermann. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    42. ↑ "Frank Rijkaard Dutch league stats". ELF Voetbal. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    43. ↑ "Frank Rijkaard UEFA stats". UEFA. Archived from the original on 18 April 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    44. ↑ "Frank Rijkaard – International Appearances". RSSSF. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    45. ↑ Frank Rijkaard. EU-football.info. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    46. ↑ Franklin Edmundo Rijkaard – Coach in European Cups. RSSSF. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
    47. ↑ "Dutchman who ruled Europe in three shirts". Archived from the original on 27 February 2012. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
    48. ↑ "Netherlands – Player of the Year and Other Awards". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 17 March 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
    49. ↑ "UEFA 1988 Team of the Tournament". UEFA. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
    50. ↑ "European Footballer of the Year ("Ballon d'Or") 1988". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 1 March 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
    51. ↑ "European Footballer of the Year ("Ballon d'Or") 1989". RSSSF. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
    52. ↑ "Toyota Cup – Most Valuable Player of the Match Award". Archived from the original on 24 December 2008. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
    53. 1 2 "Italy – Footballer of the Year". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 21 January 2015. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
    54. ↑ Karel Stokkermans (14 March 2007). "ESM XI". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 7 February 2016. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
    55. ↑ "Zinedine Zidane voted top player by fans" (PDF). UEFA. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
    56. ↑ "UEFA President's Award". UEFA. 2 January 2014. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
    57. ↑ "World Soccer Players of the Century". World Soccer. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
    58. ↑ "The other two Ballon d'Or Dream Team XIs: Zidane, Cruyff, Iniesta, Di Stefano... but no Casillas". Marca. Spain. 15 December 2020. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
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