Sae Taryeong
Hangul
새타령
Hanja
새打令
Revised RomanizationSaetaryeong
McCune–ReischauerSaet'aryŏng
IPAsɛː.tʰaː.ɾjŋ

"Sae Taryeong" (Korean: 새타령; Hanja: 새打令; lit. Bird song; IPA pronunciation: [sɛː.tʰaː.ɾjŋ]) is a representative folk song (minyo) of the Jeolla-namdo region of Korea,[1] that describes the sounds and physical descriptions of a variety of birds. The song uses onomatopoeia to describe bird calls from the parrot to the crane. The song was composed by Kim Sam-jin (Korean: 김삼진; Hanja: 金三鎭; MR: Kim Samchin),[2] and the song first attained popularity after it was published in the pansori repertory Jeokbyeokga by Yi Dong-baek (Korean: 이동백).[3] The song follows the Jungjungmori Jangdan beat (Korean: 중중모리 장단),[4] which is also used in pansori and sanjo.[5] The melodic pattern that the song follows is yukjabaegitori,[5] which is a collection of four pitches with gestures (sikimsae), which consists of a vibrating note (tteoneunum), a note with no vibrato (cheong), appoggiatura (kkeokneunnum), and a note that goes upward in pitch while vibrating (eotcheong).[3] An alternate hanja name for the song is "Bijoga" (Korean: 비조가; Hanja: 飛鳥歌).

History

"Saetaryeong" originated in the Jeolla-do region of Korea. The song first attained popularity after it was published in the pansori repertory Jeokbyeokga. It is suggested that it has been sung since the late Joseon period. Singers such as Lee Seok-sun (reign of Heonjong), Il-chi (reign of Cheoljong), Park Yu-jeon (reign of Cheoljong), and Yi Dong-baek (Japanese occupation) were said to have been good at performing the song.[2]

Composition

The song is divided into two parts. The first part is about the scene of spring when swallows fly, and the second about the appearance and sounds of birds. The first section is sung in a fast jungjungmori rhythm using a tong-tong rhythm with 15 beats in 3 minutes and 4 beats. The second section is sung in a slower jungmori rhythm.[2] As "Saetaryeong" is a long song, it can take over nine minutes to sing. It is regarded as a highly developed minyo due to the difficult singing method.[6]

Lyrics

Source:[7][2]

Lyrics
KoreanEnglish translation

삼월(三月) 삼짇날 연자(燕子) 날아들고 호접(蝴蝶)은 편편(翩翩)
나무 나무 속잎 나 가지 꽃 피었다 춘몽(春夢)을 떨쳐
원산(遠山)은 암암(暗暗) 근산(近山)은 중중(重重)
기암(奇巖)은 층층(層層) 메사니 울어
천리(天里) 시내는 청산(靑山)으로 돌고
이 골 물이 주루루루루루 저 골 물이 콸콸
열의 열두 골 물이 한데로 합수(合水)쳐
천방(天方)자 지방(地方)자 월턱져 굽이쳐
방울이 버큼 져 건너 병풍석(屛風石)에다 아주 꽝꽝 마주 때려
산이 울렁거려 떠나간다 어디메로 가잔 말
아마도 네로구나 요런 경개(景槪)가 또 있나

새가 날아든다 왼갖 잡새가 날아든다
새 중에는 봉황(鳳凰)새, 만수문전(萬壽門前)의 풍년(豐年)새
산고곡심(山高谷深) 무인처(無人處) 울림비조(鬱林飛鳥) 뭇새들이
농춘화답(弄春和答)에 짝을 지어 쌍거쌍래(雙去雙來) 날아든다
말 잘허는 앵무(鸚鵡)새, 춤 잘 추는 학(鶴) 두루미
소탱이 쑥국~, 앵매기 쑤리루~, 대천(大天)에 비우~ 소루기

남풍(南風) 쫓아 떨쳐 나니 구만리장천(九萬里長天) 대붕(大鵬)
문왕(文王)이 나 계시사 기산(岐山) 조양(朝陽)의 봉황(鳳凰)새
요란~ 기우~ 깊은 밤 울고 날은 공작(孔雀)이
소선(蘇仙) 적벽(赤壁) 칠월야(七月夜) 알연장명(戞然長鳴)의 백학(白鶴)이

위보규인(爲報閨人) 임 계신 데 소식(消息) 전(傳)튼 앵무(鸚鵡)새
글자를 뉘가 전(傳)하리 가인상사(佳人想思) 기러기
생증장액수고란(生憎帳額繡孤鸞)하니 어여쁠사 채난(彩鸞)새
약수(弱水) 삼천(三千) 먼먼 길 서왕모(西王母) 청조(靑鳥)새
(이하 생략)

On the third day of the third month, the swallow flies and the butterfly is elegant
The inner leaves of the trees, the branches, and flowers bloom, shaking off the spring dream
The far away mountain is deep and still, and the closer mountain is overlapping
The strange rocks' cries echo layer by layer
The stream of Tianli turns to the castle peak
The water in the valley flows ju-ru-ru-ru-ru-ru (onomatopoeia), the water in another goes kwal-kwal (gurgling)
The twelve valleys of the ten waters merge into one
The heaven and the earth bend over
Drops bubble into foam and cross over to the folding screen and hits very hard
The mountain is rumbling and leaves; there is talk about where to go
It's probably you, is there another scene like this?

Birds are flying, all sorts of birds are flying
The phoenix of all birds, in front of the Logevity Gate, bearer of good harvests
In a deep valley with high mountains: many birds fly in the forest on this sunny spring day
Birds fly in pairs, singing as though chatting about the pleasant spring weather
Parrots, good at chatting; cranes, good at dancing
Sot-daeng sing “sook-gook”; Ang-mae-gi sing “dduriru”; eagles sing “bi-woo”

I chased away the south wind and got shaken; ninety thousand li long Peng bird
King Wen the diviner; the phoenix of Qishang in the morning sun
Yoran Kiwoo (onomatopoeia) the deep night cries and the day is as a peacock
Su Shi, Red Cliffs, at a night of the seventh month, a long-calling white crane

Reporting to the lady over there, a message-passing parrot
Who will pass on the letters? The thoughts of a beautiful woman is the goose
I hate that the veil is embroidered with a lone Nan, a beautiful, colorful Nan
Yaksu River, a long, long three thousand [li]; Queen Mother of the West, azure bird
(omitted below)

A gallery of the birds mentioned within the song.

See also

References

  1. ↑ 새타령은 어떤 노래인가. 국악국립원 (in Korean). Retrieved 18 May 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 국립민속박물관. 새타령. 한국민속대백과사전 (in Korean). Retrieved 2022-05-27.
  3. 1 2 "Bird Song" 새타령. Sejong Cultural Society. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
  4. ↑ "새타령 | 한겨레음악대사전". terms.naver.com (in Korean). Retrieved 2022-05-31.
  5. 1 2 새타령(─打令) - 한국민족문화대백과사전. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved 2022-05-18.
  6. ↑ "새타령 | 국악정보". terms.naver.com (in Korean). Retrieved 2022-05-31.
  7. ↑ 새타령의 가사. 국악국립원 (in Korean). Retrieved 18 May 2022.
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