Salussola massacre
Monument built in Salussola, nearby the place where on March 9, 1945, were murdered 20 young partisans in retaliation by a group of Italian fascist soldiers.
LocationSalussola, Italy
Date9 March 1945
dawn
TargetPartisans
Deaths20
Injured1
PerpetratorsMilizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale

The Massacre of Salussola consists in the execution, preceded by torture, of 20 Italian Partisans, committed in retaliation by Italian Fascist soldiers on March 9, 1945, in the town of Salussola (Italy).

The facts

In late February 1945, the 109th Garibaldi Brigade, was moving across Piedmont (N.W. Italy) which at the time was occupied by German troops and held by the Italian MVSN, ("Milizia Volontaria per la Sicurezza Nazionale"). During the march, a detachment of "Zoppis" made up of 33 partisans, stopped to rest in a farmhouse in the Province of Vercelli. In the early hours of March 1, they were taken by surprise and taken prisoner by a Command of Italian Fascist soldiers. The thirty-three men were all taken to different places and a group of twenty-one was led towards the small town of Biella. The Fascista soldier then pretended to create an exchange with German prisoners. but in Salussola, after a whole night of torture and violences documented by the only one survivor,[1] the prisoners were killed by machine guns at dawn on March 9, 1945. The massacre was intended as a reprisal to an attack conducted a few days earlier by other Partisans to a column of military trucks of the "Montebello"’s Fascist Command, which were moving through Salussola. A truck was destroyed in the attack and four soldiers killed.

The victims

memorial of the Salussola's slaughter (1945) conserved in the Town Museum. It memorialises the 20 partisans murdered there in retaliation by Italian fascists on March 9, 1945.
The authorities deployed during the commemoration of the 74th anniversary of the massacre (10 March 2019)

Note: Alias (noms de guerre) were a very important part in the life of the Partisans. Mainly used to conceal the true identity (it was a clandestine army) the Alias name outlined also in most cases the character and the personality of the owners. It thus enabled at the same time to hide oneself outside, and to be recognized inside among the other Partisans for a personal, moral or physical characteristic.[2]

  • Buscaglino Francesco alias "Barbera" born in Pray (Bi) in 1902
  • Costa Luigi alias "Gigi" born in Masserano (Bi) in 1906
  • Foglia Bruno alias "Ebano" born in Crevacuore (Bi) in 1926
  • Marchesini Valter alias "Orlando" born in Crevacuore (Bi) in 1925
  • Menti Gino alias "Colassi" born in Pray (Bi) in 1914
  • Nicolini Angelo alias "Budda" born in Cureggio (No) in 1925
  • Ortoleva Giovanni alias "Iacon" born in Isnello (Pa) in 1921
  • Picco Giuseppe alias "Trento" born in Roasio (Vc) in 1916
  • Pela Francesco alias "Cirillo" born in Pray (Bi) in 1893
  • Ronchi Antonio alias "Figaro" born in Lessona (Bi) in 1920
  • Riboldazzi Guido alias "Pulcino" born in Crevacuore (Bi) in 1923
  • Rocca Florindo alias "Lince" born in Crocemosso ora Vallemosso (Bi) in 1920
  • Rocca Giulio alias "Gino" born in Crocemosso ora Vallemosso (Bi) in 1920
  • Sesia Gaudenzio alias "Sesia" born in Novara in 1925
  • Salis Gerardo alias "Palmiro" born ind Asigliano (Vc) in 1926
  • Tempia Valenta Edo alias "Brunello" born in Mezzana (Bi) in 1926
  • Tondi Enrico alias "Vecio" born in Lessona (Bi) in 1900
  • Tondi Dante alias "Legnano" born in Lessona (Bi) in 1915
  • Tugnolo Rolando alias "Dispari" born in Collobiano (Vc) in 1926
  • Tosin Valentino alias "Bissa" born in Mezzana (Bi) in 1911

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Zona Libera, 15 marzo 1945" Witness (in Italian) of Sergio Canuto Rosa "Pittore" filed, a few days after the massacre, at the Command of the Free Zone. Preserved in the Museum of Salussola.
  2. ↑ http://www.anpi.it/media/uploads/patria/2009/3/10-15_COLOMBARA.pdf Tom, Lupo, Fulmine e gli altri L’universo dei nomi di battaglia partigiani (Tom, Wolf, Lightning and the others: the univers of the Partisans' war names)

Sources

45°48′N 8°05′E / 45.800°N 8.083°E / 45.800; 8.083

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