Sania Nishtar
SI
Special Assistant to the Prime Minister for Poverty Alleviation and Social Safety
(Federal Minister)
In office
15 May 2019 – 10 April 2022
PresidentArif Alvi
Prime MinisterImran Khan
Chairperson of Benazir Income Support Programme
In office
30 October 2018 – 10 April 2022
Prime MinisterImran Khan
Preceded byMarvi Memon
Chairperson of Ehsaas Programme
In office
15 May 2019 – 10 April 2022
Prime MinisterImran Khan
Preceded byPosition Established
Member of the Senate of Pakistan
Assumed office
12 March 2021
ConstituencyKhyber Pakhtunkhwa
Personal details
Born (1963-02-16) 16 February 1963
Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Political party PTI (2019-present)
SpouseGhalib Nishtar
Alma materKhyber Medical College
King's College London (Ph.D)
Known forWork in development of health in Pakistan
AwardsSitara-i-Imtiaz (2005)
Global Innovation Award (2011)
WebsiteOfficial website

Sania Nishtar (Urdu: ثانیہ نشتر) (Born: 16 February 1963); SI), is a Pakistani physician, cardiologist, senator, author and activist who remained Special Assistant on Poverty Alleviation and Social Safety to the Prime Minister of Pakistan, with the status of Federal Minister, and chairperson Ehsaas Programme.[1] She was elected to the Senate of Pakistan in the 2021 Senate election from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Previously she served in the interim federal cabinet in 2013 overseeing public health, education and science.[2]

Nishtar co-chaired WHO’s High-Level Commission on Non-communicable diseases along with the Presidents of Uruguay, Finland and Sri Lanka.[3] She is a member of the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council on the future of healthcare[4] and co-chairs the U.S National Academy of Sciences Global Study on the Quality of Healthcare in low and middle-income countries.[5] In addition, she also chairs the United Nations International Institute for Global Health's International Advisory Board[6] and a member of the International Advisory Board on Global Health of the German Federal Government.[7]

Born in Peshawar, Nishtar went to medical school at Khyber Medical College and graduated top of her class in 1986.[8] She was inducted into the College of Physicians & Surgeons of Pakistan in 1991 after completing her residency at Khyber Teaching Hospital. She joined the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences as a cardiologist in 1994 and worked with the institute until 2007. She left the institute on sabbatical twice, first in 1996 to at the Guy's Hospital in London, and again in 1999 to pursue her Ph.D. in medicine from the King's College London, which she received in 2002.[9][10] She became a fellow of Royal College of Physicians in 2005.[11] In 2019, King's College London awarded her a doctorate in science, honoris causa.[12]

In 1998, Nishtar founded Heartfile, an Islamabad-based health policy think tank. Since 2014, Nishtar has been a co-chair of the WHO Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity and also serves on the board of United Nations University's Institute for Global Health.[13] Nishtar was a leading candidate for director-general of the World Health Organization, to be elected in May 2017.[14][15] She was amongst the shortlisted three nominees in the election held in January 2017, but was not successful in the final election held on 23 May 2017.[16] Nishtar's late father, Dr. Syed Hamid, was a much respected doctor hailing from a very well-reputed syed family. Nishtar is the wife of Mr. Ghalib Nishtar, the grandson of Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar, a leading figure in the Pakistan movement.[17]

Education

Nishtar graduated from Khyber Medical College with her Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery in 1986 and was Best Graduate of the Year. She holds a Fellowship of the Royal College of Physicians and a PhD from King's College London. In 2019, King's College London awarded her a doctorate in science, honoris causa.[12]

Career

Medicine

After several years as a cardiologist at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Nishtar founded Heartfile in 1999, which has grown from a health information-focused NGO[18] to a health policy think tank, focused on health systems issues.

In 2007, Nishtar founded Heartfile Health Financing, a program to protect poor patients from medical impoverishment.[19] [20][21]

The program is a 2008,[22] 2012,[23] and 2013[24][25][26] Commitment of the Clinton Global Initiative. She also founded Pakistan's Health Policy Forum, a civil society policy platform for health experts that has garnered contributions from prominent global health advocates including Seth Berkley, Sir George Alleyne, Mark Dybul, and Naresh Trehan, in addition to many others.

Politics

In May 2019, Nishtar was appointed Special Assistant on Poverty Alleviation and Social Safety Nets for Prime Minister Imran Khan.[1] In this role, she is leading the roll-out of Ehsaas, a pioneering multisectoral poverty alleviation and welfare programme for Pakistan which encompasses over 130 policies.[27]

Previously, Nishtar served as Federal Minister in the Government of Pakistan of Prime Minister Mir Hazar Khan Khoso during the 2013 caretaker government, in charge of Science and Technology, Education and Trainings and Information Technology and Telcom.[28][29][30] She also had responsibility as focal person for health.

During her term, Nishtar was instrumental in establishing Pakistan's Ministry of Health,[31] which she had been advocating for. At the conclusion of her term she published Handover Papers,[32][33][34] She also refused pay and perks[35] and left an unusual gift for government functionaries.[36] Her policies remained focused on promoting development; in the education sector linking academia with entrepreneurs, industry and the national priorities,[37][38][39][40][41] and in the Ministry of IT by using the telecom sector for development.[42] During her term in office as minister, she prevailed upon the Prime Minister to reverse the decision to dismantle the Prime Minister's Polio cell,[43][44][45][46] and saved the government from what could have been an e-voting embarrassment.[47][48][49][50][51]

In 2015, Nishtar was the Government of Pakistan's candidate to succeed António Guterres as United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; the post eventually went to Filippo Grandi of Italy.[52]

Nishtar has been Pakistan's candidate to succeed Margaret Chan as director-general of WHO.[53] In April 2016, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, which has 57 member states and aims to serve as the collective voice for Muslims, "welcomed" Nishtar's candidacy.

Nishtar was one of the two favorite candidates in the shortlisting election in January 2017, where she secured 28 out of 34 votes. She qualified to be one of the three official nominees by WHO.[54][16][55]

Her candidature received broad-based support from within Pakistan, from the government,[56][57] civil society[58][59] and women's groups.[60] Many high-profile Pakistanis came in support of her, such as Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy, Pakistan's Oscar Winner filmmaker.[61] International experts highlighted her merits shown in this Lancet (journal) letter.[62] She was strongly supported by humanitarians including Sir George Alleyne, Princess Dina Mired of Jordan,[63] and Musimbi Kanyoro.[64] Various aspects of her professional life were highlighted. Robert and Ruth Bonita explained why she was the suitable candidate outlining her NCDs and health systems credentials.[65] Voices from Latin America supported her civil society background.[66] Others supported her because of her reform credentials and mix of civil society, ministerial and multilateral experience,[67] and others emphasized her accountability credentials.[68] Other views supported the three candidates to varying extents.[69][70]

Nishtar emphasized on the need for transparency and accountability during her election campaign,[71] and was referred to as the ‘changemaker’.[72] Nishtar was defeated by Tedros Adanhom Ghebreusus in the final election in May 2017. Her defeat disappointed Pakistanis[73] but her ethical conduct during the election and the prestige it brought for Pakistan was widely hailed.[74][75][76]

Peace-building activities

Nishtar was the chair of the health committee of the Aman ki Asha[77] initiative, a campaign for peace between India and Pakistan, for which she has convened several meetings and negotiated declarations.[78][79] As a member of the Pakistan Chapter of the Partners for a New Beginning, Aspen Institute,[80][81] and a member of the Global Advisory Council of the Pakistan American Foundation[82] and the US-Muslim Engagement Initiative[83] she has been advocating for broader US-Pakistan engagement, towards improving social outcomes.

Advocacy

Nishtar's domestic focus is on health sector governance. This was illustrated recently in the case of her stance on a spurious drug scandal,[84][85][86][87] abolition of the Ministry of Health, which was part of the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan,[87] and the country's inability to eradicate polio.[88] She also contributes time as a volunteer to health systems strengthening in her country and has signed two MoUs with Pakistan's Ministry of Health, committing her time pro bono. She authored Pakistan's first compendium of health statistics, and the country's first national public health plan for non-communicable diseases.[89] Nishtar's book Choked Pipes, an analysis of Pakistan's health systems, became the blue print for the country's health policy.[90] She is a member of many health initiatives in Pakistan. Through her writings she has become a proponent of governance reforms in Pakistan, and is a member of many national and international boards and initiatives, which aim to improve governance in the country, including the Pakistan Institute of Legislative Development and Transparency.[91] She was a member of the Asia Society Task Force on Pakistan 2020,[92] and was formerly a director of IESCO.[93] She also serves on Pakistan's Economic Advisory Council,[94] and is the chair of the steering committee for Pakistan's National Vision for Surgical Care.

Nishtar has been involved with many international agencies in various capacities. She has served as temporary advisor to the World Health Organization,.[95][96] In addition, Nishtar continues to hold several board positions, including the following:

Nishtar is also a member of the Lancet and Rockefeller Foundation Commission on Planetary Health[106] and the Lancet and Harvard Commission on Pain and Palliative Care.[107] She is a member of the Steering Committee of the Emerging Markets Symposium,[108] which is an initiative of the Green Templeton College, Oxford University. She is also a member of the board of the United Nations University International Institute for Global Health.[109]

Nishtar also previously served on several boards, including:

Nishtar chaired the World Heart Day campaign in its founding years,[114][115] the 'Go Red for Women' campaign in 2004,[116] and the Expert Panel on Women and Heart Disease 2007 onwards.[117] She also previously served as member of the Ministerial Leadership Initiative for Global Health,[118] and was a member of the Working Group on Private Sector in Health Systems set up by Results for Development and the Rockefeller Foundation.

Nishtar has been involved in several global health declarations. She was a member of the drafting committee of the Moscow Declaration on NCDs in 2011.[119] She chaired the drafting committee of WHO's Venice Statement on Global Health Initiatives and Health Systems in 2009.[120] She was also a member of the International Advisory Boards of the Osaka Declaration[121] and Victoria Declaration on Cardiovascular Diseases.[122]

Nishtar is a regular plenary speaker or keynote speaker at international meetings, and speaks at forums such as Davos.[123] She has also been invited as a thought leader at UN agencies.[124] She has also been on the organising committees of many international conferences.[125][126]

Publications

Tarnish's book Choked Pipes was published by the Oxford University Press in 2010.[127] The book received reviews in The Lancet,[128] the WHO Bulletin[129] and other periodicals,[130][131] and was released in several cities.[132] She has also authored the book Chapters, and is a regular op-ed contributor to The News International[133] and the Huffington Post. She has also contributed in The Wall Street Journal[134] and Project Syndicate.[88] She was also editor of the Pakistan Lancet Series,[135] released in 2013.[136]

Books and book chapters

  • Nishtar, Sania (29 May 2015). "68". In Frenk, Julio; Hoffman, Steven (eds.). To Save Humanity. US: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190221546. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
  • Nishtar, Sania (2010). Choked Pipes: Reforming Pakistan's Mixed Health System. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-547969-0.
  • Ralston, Johanna; Nishtar, Sania (2013). "NCDS and Civil Society: A History and a Roadmap". Global Handbook on Noncommunicable Diseases and Health Promotion. pp. 411–415. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-7594-1_27. ISBN 978-1-4614-7593-4.
  • Nishtar S. Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in South Asia. Heartfile and SAARC Cardiac Society. ISBN 969-8651-00-4. Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Nishtar S. Public-Private Partnerships in the health sector – a call to action. The Commonwealth Health Ministers Book; 2007.[137]

Awards

Nishtar is the recipient of Pakistan's Sitara-i-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) Award (awarded by the President of Pakistan),[138] the European Societies Population Science Award, and the First Global Innovation Award by the Rockefeller Foundation.[139][140] She was admitted to the Medical Mission Hall of Fame in Toledo, Ohio in 2011.[141][142]

In the beginning of 2014, she was mentioned in the Top-20 List of 'Most Influential Women in Science in the Islamic World' by the Muslim Scientists List in recognition of her policy advocacy contributions.[143]

In 2019, her alma mater Kings College awarded her a doctorate in science, honoris causa.[12] Nishtar was on the list of the BBC's 100 Women announced on 23 November 2020.[144]

References

  1. 1 2 Sherani, Tahir (15 May 2019). "PM Imran appoints Dr Sania Nishtar special assistant with status of federal minister". Dawn. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
  2. ↑ "Pakistan' US agree to boost ties in health sector". Radio Pakistan. 22 May 2013.
  3. ↑ "WHO Independent High-level Commission on NCDs". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 22 November 2017. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
  4. ↑ "Global Future Council on Health and Healthcare". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
  5. ↑ National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health And Medicine, Division; Board on Health Care Services; Board On Global, Health; Committee on Improving the Quality of Health Care Globally (2018). Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide : Health and Medicine Division. doi:10.17226/25152. ISBN 978-0-309-47789-5. PMID 30605296. Retrieved 26 October 2018. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ↑ "The Team - International Institute for Global Health". iigh.unu.edu. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
  7. ↑ "Four new members complete the International Advisory Board on Global Health". Bundesgesundheitsministerium. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
  8. ↑ "Sania Nishtar - The Rockefeller Foundation". The Rockefeller Foundation. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  9. ↑ "All stories / articles Dr Sania Nishtar". Thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 13 February 2014.
  10. ↑ Nishtar, Sania (2010). Choked Pipes: Reforming Pakistan's Mixed Health System. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-547969-0.
  11. ↑ "Sania Nishtar: Acting with intent". BMJ. 361: k1781. 16 May 2018. doi:10.1136/bmj.k1781. ISSN 0959-8138. S2CID 21713197.
  12. 1 2 3 "King's celebrates its new honorary graduates". www.kcl.ac.uk. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  13. ↑ "Dr Sania Nishtar: in the run for the top UN refugee post". Dawn.com. 10 November 2015. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
  14. ↑ "Sania Nishtar". www.who.int. Archived from the original on 18 October 2016. Retrieved 28 January 2020.
  15. ↑ Merelli, Annalisa (11 April 2017). "World Health Organization chief candidates Sania Nishtar, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, and David Nabarro face different treatment". Quartz. Retrieved 20 May 2017.
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  20. ↑ Nishtar, Sania; Faraz Khalid; Anis Kazi; Naheed Batool; Andleeb Ikram; Ihtiram ul Haque Khattak; Qazi Asmat Isa; Hamid Jaffar (October 2011). "Draft Background Paper 26 – Striving to achieve health equity in Pakistan" (PDF) (26). World Health Organization. Retrieved 13 February 2014. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  21. ↑ Nishtar, Sania; Faraz Khalid, Andleeb Ikram, Anis Kazi, Yasir Abbas Mirza, Ihtiram ul Haq Khattak, Ahmed Javad, Haamid Jaffer, Karl Brown and Tariq Badsha (2010). "Protecting the poor against health impoverishment in Pakistan: proof of concept of the potential within innovative web and mobile phone technologies" (PDF). World Health Report Background Paper (55). World Health Organization. Retrieved 13 February 2014. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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  103. ↑ Secretary-General Appoints 29 Global Leaders to Spearhead Fight against Malnutrition United Nations, press release of 21 September 2016.
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