Satirical magazines of Turkey have a long tradition, with the first magazine (Diyojen) published in 1869.[1] There are currently around 20 satirical magazines; the leading ones are Penguen (70,000 weekly circulation), LeMan (50,000) and Uykusuz.[2]

Historical examples include Oğuz Aral's magazine Gırgır (which reached a circulation of 500,000 in the 1970s) and Marko Paşa (launched 1946).[3] Others include L-Manyak and Lombak.

References

  1. ↑ Esra Maden, Today's Zaman, 12 October 2008, Cartoons tell political journey of Turkey
  2. ↑ Jens Wiesner, 12 November 2012, Orient Express Reporter Tripled, Leman, Penguen or Uykusuz: Turkey’s comic books vs. Erdoğan
  3. ↑ Fazıla Mat, 8 April 2010, balcanicaucaso.org, Turkish humor
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