Senaki uezd
Сенакскій уѣздъ
Uezd
Coat of arms of Senaki uezd
Coat of arms
Location in the Kutais Governorate
Location in the Kutais Governorate
CountryRussian Empire
ViceroyaltyCaucasus
GovernorateKutaisi
Established1867
Abolished1930
CapitalSenaki
Area
 • Total2,127.27 km2 (821.34 sq mi)
Population
 (1916)
 • Total159,678
 • Density75/km2 (190/sq mi)
 • Urban
11.73%
 • Rural
88.27%

The Senaki uezd[lower-alpha 1] was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Zugdidi uezd to the west, the Lechkhumi uezd to the north, the Kutaisi uezd to the east, and the Ozurgeti uezd to the south. The area of the uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of Georgia. The Senaki uezd was eponymously named for its administrative center, Senaki.[1]

History

The Senaki uezd was formed in 1846 as part of the Kutaisi Governorate on the territory of the historical region of Samegrelo during the time of the Russian Empire. In 1918, the Kutaisi Governorate including the Senaki uezd was incorporated into part of the Democratic Republic of Georgia.[1]

Administrative divisions

The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Senaki uezd in 1913 were as follows:[2]

Name 1912 population
Abashskiy uchastok (Абашскій участокъ) 20,740
Bandzinskiy uchastok (Бандзинскій участокъ) 15,246
Martvilskiy uchastok (Мартвильскій участокъ) 20,218
Senakskiy uchastok (Сенакскій участокъ) 7,587

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Senaki uezd had a population of 115,785 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 58,585 men and 57,200 women. The majority of the population indicated Mingrelian to be their mother tongue, with a significant Georgian speaking minority.[3]

Language Native speakers %
Mingrelian 96,851 83.65
Georgian 14,338 12.38
Russian 1,395 1.20
Imeretian 895 0.77
Armenian 448 0.39
Jewish 448 0.39
Greek 401 0.35
Polish 175 0.15
Turkish 173 0.15
Ukrainian 124 0.11
English 85 0.07
Lithuanian 72 0.06
German 71 0.06
Tatar[lower-alpha 2] 64 0.06
Svan 63 0.05
Abkhaz 24 0.02
Romanian 17 0.01
Kurdish 3 0.00
Ossetian 3 0.00
Persian 2 0.00
Avar-Andean 1 0.00
Belarusian 1 0.00
Estonian 1 0.00
Other 130 0.11
TOTAL 115,785 100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Senaki uezd had a population of 159,678 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 86,448 men and 73,230 women, 149,112 of whom were the permanent population, and 10,566 were temporary residents:[6]

Nationality Urban Rural TOTAL
Number % Number % Number %
Georgians 12,441 66.42 139,303 98.83 151,744 95.03
Russians 2,836 15.14 4 0.00 2,840 1.78
Jews 847 4.52 1,639 1.16 2,486 1.56
Armenians 1,529 8.16 0 0.00 1,529 0.96
Asiatic Christians 769 4.11 0 0.00 769 0.48
Other Europeans 239 1.28 0 0.00 239 0.15
Sunni Muslims[lower-alpha 3] 70 0.37 0 0.00 70 0.04
North Caucasians 0 0.00 1 0.00 1 0.00
TOTAL 18,731 100.00 140,947 100.00 159,678 100.00

Notes

  1. ↑
  2. ↑ Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[4][5]
  3. ↑ Primarily Turco-Tatars.[7]

References

  1. 1 2 Tsutsiev 2014.
  2. ↑ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 160–167.
  3. ↑ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-27.
  4. ↑ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
  5. ↑ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
  6. ↑ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 198–205.
  7. ↑ Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

Bibliography

42°16′8″N 42°4′45″E / 42.26889°N 42.07917°E / 42.26889; 42.07917


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