Sipunculus
Sipunculus nudus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Sipuncula
Order: Golfingiida
Family: Sipunculidae
Genus: Sipunculus
Linnaeus, 1766
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Austrosiphon Fisher, 1954
    • Contraporus Cutler & Cutler, 1985
    • Liphunculus Chiaje, 1824
    • Oedematosomum Baird, 1868
    • Phallosoma Levinsen, 1883
    • Siphoncolus Scopoli, 1777
    • Siphonculus Vérany, 1846
    • Siphunculus Scopoli, 1777
    • Sipinculus
    • Siponculus Cuvier, 1817
    • Siponculus Linnaeus, 1766
    • Sipunculis Linnaeus, 1766
    • Sipunculis Quatrefages, 1850
    • Syphunculus Scopoli, 1777
    • Syrinx Bohadsch, 1761
    • Xenopsis Johnson, 1969

Sipunculus is a genus of worms belonging to the family Sipunculidae.[1]

Taxonomy

Fossilized Siphunculus scaber in Morton (1712)

Sipunculus is a variant spelling of the Latin siphunculus ("little tube"),[2] a diminutive of sipho from Greek σίφων (síphōn, "tube, pipe").

Siphunculus was used for fossilized worm-shaped organisms like Siphunculus scaber by the Welsh naturalist Edward Lhuyd in 1699.[3] In the next century, the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus used the scientific name Sipunculus nudus for a species of worms in his 1766 Systema Naturae.[4] In 1814, the French zoologist Constantine Samuel Rafinesque used the feminine form Sipuncula to distinguish the family including S. nudus;[5] this was later elevated to the Sipuncula class, the family being renamed Sipunculidae and the species reorganized into different genera.[6]

Distribution

The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.[1]

Species

Species included in Sipunculus are:[1]

  • Sipunculus angasoides Chen, 1963
  • Sipunculus clavatus de Blainville, 1827
  • Sipunculus corallicolus Pourtalès, 1851
  • Sipunculus echinorhynchus Chiaje, 1823
  • Sipunculus gulfus Hylleberg, 2014
  • Sipunculus indicus Peters, 1850
  • Sipunculus lomonossovi Murina, 1968
  • Sipunculus longipapillosus Murina, 1968
  • Sipunculus macrorhynchus de Blainville, 1827
  • Sipunculus marcusi Ditadi, 1976
  • Sipunculus microrhynchus de Blainville, 1827
  • Sipunculus mundanus Selenka & Bülow, 1883
  • Sipunculus norvegicus Danielssen, 1869
  • Sipunculus nudus Linnaeus, 1766
  • Sipunculus phalloides (Pallas, 1774)
  • Sipunculus polymyotus Fisher, 1947
  • Sipunculus robustus Keferstein, 1865
  • Sipunculus rubens Costa, 1860
  • Sipunculus rufofimbriatus Blanchard, 1849
  • Sipunculus saccatus Linnaeus, 1767
  • Sipunculus thailandicus Hylleberg, 2014
  • Sipunculus zenkevitchi Murina, 1969

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Sipunculus". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 2023-12-16.
  2. ↑ "Sipuncula". Oxford Living Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 12 February 2019. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
  3. ↑ Lhuyd, Edward (1699), Lithophylacii Britannici Ichnographia sive Lapidum Aliorum Fossilium Britannicorum Singulari Figura Insignium, quotquot Hactenus vel Ipse Invenit vel ab Amicis Accepit Distributio Classica... (in Latin), Oxford: Clarendon Press, §§ 1201 ff.
  4. ↑ Saiz-Salinas, José (2009). "Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus Linnaeus, 1766". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
  5. ↑ Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel (1814). Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques de m.r C. S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz entre 1800 et 1814 ou Choix raisonné de ses principales découvertes en zoologie et en botanique. Royale typographie militaire, aux dépens de l'auteur. p. 32.
  6. ↑ "Sipuncula". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. 2018. Retrieved 27 February 2019.
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