Skepta discography
Studio albums5
EPs1
Singles28
Mixtapes4

The following is a discography of Skepta, a British MC from Tottenham, London. He is a producer and DJ commonly associated with the North London grime scene, including Roll Deep and Boy Better Know. Skepta released his debut album Greatest Hits on 17 September 2007. It was released on the Boy Better Know label. Skepta self-released the first single "Rolex Sweep" in September 2008, which reached number 89 on the UK Singles Chart. He released the album Microphone Champion on 1 June 2009. The single "Too Many Man", with JME, Wiley, Frisco and Shorty, charted at number 79.

Skepta has released five singles off his third studio album Doin' It Again (first with a major label): "Bad Boy", "Rescue Me", "Cross My Heart" featuring Preeya Kalidas, "So Alive" and "Amnesia", as well as a video for "Hello Good Morning" (Grime Remix). Three singles reached the Top 40 of the UK Singles Chart, with "Rescue Me" being the most successful at number 14. "Cross My Heart" came in at number 31 and dropped out of the Top 40 a week later. Doin' it Again spent three weeks in the top 100 album charts and debuted and peaked at number 19 on its first week of release. In 2012, Skepta released two singles from his forthcoming fourth album.

Skepta's second major label album, The Honeymoon, was intended to be released in the fourth quarter of 2011, but was delayed until 2012. After a disappointing response from the first two singles Skepta decided to release a purchasable mixtape, titled Blacklisted. This was released on 2 December 2012 along with music videos to support the release. In March 2014, Skepta provided a verse for the remix of "German Whip" by Meridian Dan. In the same month, he debuted his new single, "That's Not Me", featuring his brother, JME. Released on 8 June 2014, the song peaked at number 21 on the UK Singles Chart.

Albums

Studio albums

List of studio albums, with selected details and chart positions
Title Details Peak chart positions Certifications
UK
[1]
AUS
[2]
BEL (Fl)
[3]
CAN
[4]
IRE
[5]
NL
[6]
NZ
[7]
SWE
[8]
SWI
[9]
US
[10]
Greatest Hits
Microphone Champion
  • Released: 1 June 2009
  • Label: Boy Better Know
  • Formats: CD, digital download
103
Doin' It Again 19
Konnichiwa
  • Released: 6 May 2016
  • Label: Boy Better Know
  • Formats: CD, LP, digital download
21368511331275438160
Ignorance Is Bliss
  • Released: 31 May 2019
  • Label: Boy Better Know
  • Formats: CD, LP, digital download
21517676142326
Knife and Fork
  • Scheduled: 2024[12]
  • Label: Boy Better Know
  • Formats: CD, LP, digital download
To be released
"—" denotes an album that did not chart or was not released in that territory.

Collaborative albums

List of collaborative albums, with selected details and chart positions
Title Details Peak chart positions
UK
[1]
BEL (Fl)
[3]
IRE
[5]
NL
[6]
SWI
[9]
Insomnia[13]
(with Chip and Young Adz)
  • Released: 27 March 2020
  • Label: SKC M29
  • Formats: CD, digital download, streaming
384198881

Mixtapes

List of mixtapes, with selected details
Title Details Peak chart positions
UK
[1]
Joseph Junior Adenuga
  • Released: 2006
  • Label: Self-released
  • Formats: Digital download
Been There Done That
  • Released: 1 February 2010
  • Label: Boy Better Know
  • Formats: Digital download
Community Payback
  • Released: 29 April 2011
  • Hosted by: DJ Whoo Kid
  • Label: Boy Better Know
  • Formats: Digital download
Blacklisted
  • Released: 2 December 2012
  • Label: 3 Beat, AATW
  • Formats: CD, digital download
72
The Tim Westwood Mix
  • Released: 9 September 2015
  • Label: Boy Better Know
  • Formats: Digital download
"—" denotes a mixtape that did not chart or was not released in that territory.

EPs

List of extended plays, with selected details
Title Details Peak chart positions
BEL
(Fl)

[3]
Vicious[14]
  • Released: 31 October 2017
  • Label: Boy Better Know
  • Format: Digital download
All In[15]
  • Released: 30 July 2021
  • Label: Boy Better Know
  • Format: Digital download, streaming
174

Singles

As lead artist

Title Year Peak chart positions Certifications Album
UK
[1]
UK
R&B

[16]
AUS
[17]
BEL
Tip

[18]
CAN
[19]
IRE
[5]
NZ
Hot

[20]
SWI
[21]
US
[22]
US
R&B/
HH

[23]
"Rolex Sweep" 2008 86 Microphone Champion
"Sunglasses at Night" 2009 64
"Too Many Man"
(with Wiley featuring Boy Better Know)
79
"Lush"
(featuring Jay Sean)
"Bad Boy" 2010 268 Doin' It Again
"Rescue Me" 146
"Cross My Heart"
(featuring Preeya Kalidas)
318
"So Alive"
(vs. N-Dubz)
2011 9926
"Amnesia"
"Hold On" 2012 319 Non-album singles
"Make Peace Not War" 298
"That's Not Me"
(featuring JME)
2014 21 Konnichiwa
"Shutdown" 2015 399
"Ladies Hit Squad"
(featuring D Double E and ASAP Nast)
2016 8928
"Man" 347
"No Security"[24] 2017 Vicious
"Hypocrisy"[25]
"Ding-a-Ling"[26]
(with Stefflon Don)
6433 Hurtin' Me – The EP
"Pure Water" 2018 78 Ignorance Is Bliss
"Energy (Stay Far Away)"
(with Wizkid)
5937 Non-album singles
"Stay with It"[27]
(featuring Suspect & SHAILAN)
"Neighbourhood Watch"[28]
(featuring LD)
"The Answer"[29]
(with Daisy Maybe)
"Wish You Were Here"[30] 2019
"Bullet from a Gun"[31] 32136125 Ignorance Is Bliss
"Greaze Mode"[32]
(with Nafe Smallz)
1854123
"Love Me Not"
(featuring Cheb Rabi and B Live)[34]
24
"Kiss and Tell"
(with AJ Tracey)[35]
315333 Non-album singles
"Papi Chulo"
(with Octavian)[36]
2020 37218514993766
"Waze"
(with Chip and Young Adz)
181071 Insomnia
"Show Out"
(with Kid Cudi and Pop Smoke)[37]
377422955412 Man on the Moon III: The Chosen
"Cancelled"
(with Slowthai)
2021 39 Tyron
"Nirvana"
(featuring J Balvin)
38138513 All In
"Plugged In"
(with Fumez the Engineer)
93 Non-album singles
"Can't Play Myself (A Tribute to Amy)"[38] 2023 288721
"Skeptacore Pt. 3"
(with Ryder)
8883
[39]
37
"Gas Me Up (Diligent)"[12] 2024 To be released Knife and Fork
"—" denotes a single that did not chart or was not released in that territory.
Title Year Peak chart positions Certifications Album
UK
[1]
UK
R&B

[16]
AUS
[40]
CAN
[19]
DEN
[41]
IRE
[5]
NZ
[42]
SWI
[43]
US
[22]
US
R&B/
HH

[23]
"Get Busy"[44]
(Rude Kid featuring Skepta)
2012 Non-album single
"Can You Hear Me? (Ayayaya)"
(Wiley featuring Skepta, JME & Ms D)
326 The Ascent
"Supposed to Do"
(Ace Hood featuring Skepta)
2014 The Beast of the South
"Ojuelegeba (Remix)"
(WizKid featuring Drake & Skepta)
2015 Non-album single
"Red Eye To Paris"
(Flatbush Zombies featuring Skepta)
RedEye To Paris
"50 Grand"
(Devlin featuring Skepta)
The Devil In
"I Win"[45]
(Lethal Bizzle featuring Skepta)
2017 You'll Never Make a Million from Grime
"2 Cars"[46]
(Esco featuring Skepta, D Double E & Chronik)
Non-album singles
"Excuse Me"[47]
(CEONRPG featuring Skepta)
"Check It Out" (Remix)[48]
(Xavier Wulf featuring Skepta)
2018
"One Way"[49]
(Suspect featuring Skepta & Jesse James Solomon)
Still Loading
"Nang"[50]
(D Double E featuring Skepta)
Jackuum
"Praise the Lord (Da Shine)"
(A$AP Rocky featuring Skepta)
18133316223011144522 Testing
"Jumpy Remix"[56]
(Ambush Buzzworl featuring Skepta & Chip)
81 Non-album single
"Money Right"[57]
(Dizzee Rascal featuring Skepta)
68 Don't Gas Me
"Like to Party"[58]
(BOJ featuring Skepta & Teezee)
TBA
"Certy"[59]
(Double S featuring Skepta)
2019
"Bet"[60]
(Octavian featuring Skepta & Michael Phantom)
44 Endorphins
"Back to Basics"[61]
(Headie One featuring Skepta)
42 Music x Road
"How Far?"
(Gorillaz featuring Tony Allen & Skepta)
2020 Song Machine, Season One: Strange Timez (Deluxe edition)
"Dimension"
(Jae5 featuring Skepta and Rema)
2021 58 Non-album single
"—" denotes a single that did not chart or was not released in that territory.

Promotional singles

Title Year Peak chart positions Certifications Album
UK
[1]
UK
R&B

[16]
"All Over the House"
(featuring Shorty)
2011 Doing it Again
"Lay Her Down"
(featuring Kano)
2013 Non-album single
"It Ain't Safe"
(featuring Young Lord)
2014 32 Konnichiwa
"—" denotes a single that did not chart or was not released in that territory.

Other charted and certified songs

Title Year Peak chart positions Certifications Album
UK
[62]
UK
R&B

[16]
NZ
Hot

[63]
"I Spy"
(featuring Jammer)
2007 Greatest Hits
"Konnichiwa" 2016 4111 Konnichiwa
"Lyrics"
(featuring Novelist)
6217
"Numbers"
(featuring Pharrell Williams)
6919
"Corn on the Curb"
(featuring Wiley and Chip)
7321
"Crime Riddim" 8825
"Detox" 35
"Text Me Back" 38
"Skepta Interlude"
(Drake featuring Skepta)
2017 359 More Life
"Inglorious"
(Slowthai featuring Skepta)
2019 50 Nothing Great About Britain
"Redrum"
(featuring Key)
2027 Ignorance Is Bliss
"No Sleep" 29
"What Do You Mean?"
(featuring J Hus)
14324
"Going Through It" 27
"Same Old Story" 26
"Animal Instinct"
(featuring Lancey Foux)
38
"Glow in the Dark"
(featuring Lay-Z & WizKid)
33
"Gangsta"
(featuring Boy Better Know)
35
"Mains"
(with Chip and Young Adz)
2020 32 Insomnia
"Demons"
(with Chip and Young Adz featuring Dirtbike LB)
47
"Lane Switcha"
(with Pop Smoke featuring ASAP Rocky, Juicy J and Project Pat)
2021 9 F9 soundtrack
"Bellator" 26 All In
"Peace of Mind"
(featuring Teezee and Kid Cudi)
29
"Smoke in Your Eyes"
(with Ossie featuring Harry Stone)
2023 26 NYE 2024 (DJ Mix)
"—" denotes a song that did not chart or was not released in that territory.

Guest appearances

List of guest appearances, with other performing artists, showing year released and album name
Title Year Artist(s) Album
"Hospital" 2010 JME, Shorty, Frisco & Jammer Blam!
"My Crew"[64] Chip, DJ Drama London Boy
"God Bless Me"[65] 2015 Wiki, Sporting Life Lil Me
"I Know There's Gonna Be (Good Times)"
(Skepta Remix)[66]
Jamie xx, Popcaan, Frisco Non-album remix
"Raving Tonight"[67] 2016 Frisco, Wiley System Killer
"See No Evil" Key! Before I Scream!
"Back from the Dead"[68] Riff Raff, DJ Afterthought Balloween
"U Were Always, Pt. 2"[69] Wiley Godfather
"Put That on My Set"[70] ASAP Mob, ASAP Rocky Cozy Tapes Vol. 1: Friends
"Skepta Interlude"[71] 2017 Drake More Life
"Lean 4 Real"[72] 2018 Playboi Carti Die Lit
"Inglorious"[73] 2019 Slowthai Nothing Great About Britain
"Welcome to the Party" (Remix)[74] Pop Smoke Meet the Woo (Deluxe)
"Dem Man Are Dead"[75] JME Grime MC
"Nang"[75]
"Little Demon"[76] Frank Ocean Non-album remix
"Cancelled" 2021 Slowthai Tyron
"IC3" Ghetts Conflict of Interest
"WokStar" YSL Records, Strick Slime Language 2 and Strick Land

Production discography

2007

Skepta – Greatest Hits
  • 1. "The Journey"
  • 2. "I'm There"
  • 3. "Duppy (Doin' It Again)" (featuring Bearman, Bossman, Footsie, Jme, Jammer, MC Creed, Trim and Wiley)
  • 4. "Listen Up"
  • 9. "In a Corner" (featuring Flowdan and Trigga)
  • 11. "Sweet Mother"
  • 12. "Shape Shifting"
  • 13. "Blood, Sweat and Tears" (featuring Jme and Shorty)
  • 14. "Cold Turkey"

2008

Kano - 140 Grime St
  • 5. "These MC's" (featuring Skepta)

2014

Wiley - Snakes & Ladders

2016

Skepta - Konnichiwa

2017

Skepta - Vicious
  • 1. "Still"
  • 2. "Sit Down" (featuring Lil B)
  • 4. "Worst" (featuring Smoke Boys)
  • 5. "Hypocrisy"
  • 6. "Ghost Ride" (featuring ASAP Nast and ASAP Rocky)

2018

ASAP Rocky - Testing

2019

Skepta - Ignorance Is Bliss
  • 1. "Bullet from a Gun" (produced with Ragz Originale)
  • 2. "Greaze Mode"
  • 3. "Redrum" (featuring Key!)
  • 4. "No Sleep"
  • 5. "What Do You Mean?" (featuring J Hus) (produced with iO)
  • 6. "Going Through It" (produced with IndigoChildRick)
  • 7. "Same Old Story"
  • 8. "Love Me Not" (featuring Cheb Rabi and B Live)
  • 9. "Animal Instinct" (featuring Lancey Foux) (produced with Trench)
  • 11. "You Wish"
  • 12. "Gangsta" (featuring Boy Better Know)
  • 13. "Pure Water"

2020

Skepta, Chip, and Young Adz - Insomnia
  • 1. "Mains"
  • 5. "St Tropez"

DJ Mixes

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Peak positions in the UK:
    • For all except noted: "Skepta". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 19 May 2018.
    • For "Too Many Man": "Chart Log UK: DJ S - The System Of Life". Zobbel.de/. Official Charts Company.
    • For "Lush": "CHART: CLUK Update 31.10.2009 (wk43)". Zobbel.de/. Official Charts Company.
    • For Microphone Champion: "CHART: CLUK Update 13.06.2009 (wk23)". Zobbel.de/. Official Charts Company.
    • For "Amnesia": "CHART: CLUK Update 12.02.2011 (wk5)". Zobbel.de/. Official Charts Company.
    • For "It Ain't Safe": "CHART: CLUK Update 14.05.2016 (wk19)". Zobbel.de/. Official Charts Company.
  2. "Discography Skepta". Australian Charts Portal. Hung Medien.
  3. 1 2 3 "Discografie Skepta". Belgium (Flanders) Charts Portal. Hung Medien.
  4. "Skepta Chart History: Canadian Albums". Billboard. Retrieved 11 June 2019.
  5. 1 2 3 4 "Discography Skepta". Irish Charts Portal. Hung Medien.
  6. 1 2 "Discografie Skepta". Dutch Charts Portal. Hung Medien.
  7. "Discography Skepta". New Zealand Charts Portal. Hung Medien.
  8. "Discography Skepta". Swedish Charts Portal. Hung Medien.
  9. 1 2 "Discographie Skepta". hitparade.ch.
  10. "Skepta Chart History: Billboard 200". Billboard.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 "British certifications – Skepta". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 16 April 2023. Type Skepta in the "Search BPI Awards" field and then press Enter.
  12. 1 2 Pilley, Max (1 January 2024). "Skepta announces details of new album 'Knife and Fork'". NME. Retrieved 1 January 2024.
  13. "Skepta, Chip and Young Adz are releasing a joint album this week". NME. 23 March 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.
  14. "Vicious EP by Skepta on Apple Music". iTunes. 31 October 2017. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  15. "Skepta is 'All In' on new EP - REVOLT".
  16. 1 2 3 4 Peak positions for the R&B singles in the UK:
  17. "The ARIA Report: Week Commencing 2 November 2020". The ARIA Report. No. 1600. Australian Recording Industry Association. 2 November 2020. p. 4.
  18. "Octavian & Skepta - Papi chulo - ultratop.be". Ultratop.
  19. 1 2 "Skepta – Chart History: Billboard Canadian Hot 100". Billboard. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
  20. "NZ Hot Singles Chart". Recorded Music NZ. 20 May 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  21. "Octavian & Skepta - Papi chulo - hitparade.ch".
  22. 1 2 "Skepta – Chart History: Hot 100". Billboard. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
  23. 1 2 "Skepta – Chart History: R&B/Hip-Hop Songs". Billboard. Retrieved 20 June 2018.
  24. "No Security - Single by Skepta". iTunes. March 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  25. "Hypocrisy - Single by Skepta". iTunes. 4 July 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  26. "Ding-A-Ling – Single by Stefflon Don & Skepta on iTunes". iTunes Store (UK). 16 November 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2018.
  27. "Stay with It (feat. Suspect and Shailan) - Single by Skepta". iTunes (UK). 9 August 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  28. "Neighbourhood Watch (feat. LD) – Single by Skepta on iTunes". iTunes Store. 31 October 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2018.
  29. "The Answer – Single by Daisy Maybe & Skepta on iTunes". iTunes Store. 21 November 2018. Retrieved 23 November 2018.
  30. "Wish You Were Here - Single by Skepta on Apple Music". Apple Music. 3 February 2019. Retrieved 5 February 2019.
  31. Davey, Jacob (9 May 2019). "Skepta drops off cold new single 'Bullet From A Gun'". versus.uk.com. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
  32. Lavin, Will (10 May 2019). "Listen to Skepta's 'Greaze Mode', the second single from his upcoming new album". NME. Retrieved 13 May 2019.
  33. "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2021 Singles" (PDF). Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 7 July 2021.
  34. Keith, James (29 July 2019). "Skepta Shares Slick, Star-Studded Video For "Love Me Not" With Cheb Rabi And B Live". Complex. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
  35. "Kiss and Tell - Single by AJ Tracey & Skepta". iTunes. Retrieved 7 November 2019.
  36. "Papi Chulo – Single by Octavian & Skepta". Apple Music. Retrieved 21 March 2020.
  37. Okon, Wongo (11 December 2020). "Pop Smoke Joins Kid Cudi And Skepta To 'Show Out' To The Masses On Their Lively New Single". Uproxx. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
  38. Skinner, Tom (13 October 2023). "Skepta shares tribute to Amy Winehouse with single 'Can't Play Myself'". NME. Retrieved 13 October 2023.
  39. "IRMA – Irish Charts". Irish Recorded Music Association. Retrieved 2 December 2023.
  40. Steffen Hung. "A$AP Rocky feat. Skepta - Praise The Lord (Da Shine)". australian-charts.com. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
  41. "danishcharts.com - A$AP Rocky feat. Skepta - Praise The Lord (Da Shine)".
  42. "charts.org.nz - A$AP Rocky feat. Skepta - Praise The Lord (Da Shine)".
  43. "A$AP Rocky feat. Skepta - Praise The Lord (Da Shine) - hitparade.ch".
  44. "Get Busy (feat. Skepta) - Single by Rude Kid". iTunes (UK). 27 July 2012. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  45. "Radio 1Xtra – Playlist (Friday 21st April)". BBC. Archived from the original on 22 April 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  46. "2 Cars (feat. Skepta, D Double E & Chronik) - Single by Esco". iTunes (UK). 5 October 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  47. "Excuse Me (feat. Skepta) - Single by CEONRPG". iTunes (UK). 5 October 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  48. "Check It Out (Remix) [feat. Skepta] - Single by Xavier Wulf". iTunes (UK). 10 January 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  49. "One Way (feat. Skepta, Jesse James Solomon) - Single by Suspect". iTunes (UK). 2 March 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  50. "Nang (feat. Skepta) - Single by D Double E". iTunes (UK). 2 March 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  51. "ARIA Chart Watch #504". auspOp. 22 December 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  52. "Certificeringer | IFPI". IFPI Denmark. 9 October 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2018.
  53. "Gold & Platinum - RIAA" (To access, enter the search parameter "Praise the Lord" and select "Search"). Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  54. "New Zealand single certifications – A$AP Rocky – Praise the Lord (Da Shine)". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved 28 September 2018.
  55. "SNEP: Praise the Lord" (in French). Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique. Retrieved 8 November 2018.
  56. "Jumpy Remix (feat. Skepta & Chip) - Single by Ambush Buzzworl, Skepta & Chip". iTunes (UK). 20 July 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2018.
  57. "Money Right (feat. Skepta) - Single by Dizzee Rascal". iTunes (UK). Retrieved 6 September 2018.
  58. "Like to Party (feat. Skepta & Teezee) - Single by BOJ". iTunes (UK). 26 October 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  59. "Certy (feat. Skepta) - Single by Double S". iTunes (UK). 31 January 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2019.
  60. "Bet (feat. Skepta & Michael Phantom) - Single by Octavian". iTunes (UK). 1 March 2019. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  61. "Back to Basics (feat. Skepta) - Single by Headie One". iTunes (UK). 4 July 2019. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  62. Peak positions for other charted songs in the UK:
  63. "NZ Hot Singles Chart". Recorded Music NZ. 10 June 2019. Retrieved 7 June 2019.
  64. "Chip - London Boy". hoodtapes.co.uk. 25 December 2012. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  65. Leight, Elias (22 March 2016). "Wiki recruits Antwon for the "God Bless Me" remix". The Fader. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  66. "I Know There's Gonna Be (Good Times) [Remixes] - EP by Jamie xx". iTunes. 11 December 2015. Retrieved 22 May 2019.
  67. "System Killer by Frisco". iTunes. 17 April 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  68. "Baloween by Riff Raff & DJ Afterthought". iTunes. 25 October 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  69. "Godfather by Wiley". iTunes. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  70. "Cozy Tapes, Vol. 1: Friends by A$AP Mob". iTunes. 31 October 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  71. Schiff, Mark (24 March 2017). "Listen: Skepta seizes his moment on Drake's 'More Life'". AXS. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  72. "Die Lit by Playboi Carti". iTunes. 11 May 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2019.
  73. "Nothing Great About Britain by slowthai". iTunes. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
  74. "Welcome To the Party (Remix) [feat. Skepta] - Single by Pop Smoke". iTunes. 21 August 2019. Retrieved 24 August 2019.
  75. 1 2 "JME RELEASES LONG-AWAITED 'GRIME MC' ALBUM". GRM Daily. 29 November 2019. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
  76. Michael Saponara (4 November 2019). "Frank Ocean Debuts Melancholic 'Little Demon' Arca Remix Featuring Skepta: Listen". Billboard. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  77. "Rinse:04 – Skepta - Rinse FM". RinseFM.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.