Solid dispersion redox flow battery[1][2]

A solid dispersion redox flow battery is a type of redox flow battery using dispersed solid active materials as the energy storage media. The solid suspensions are stored in energy storage tanks and pumped through electrochemical cells while charging or discharging. In comparison with a conventional redox flow battery where active species are dissolved in aqueous or organic electrolyte, the active materials in a solid dispersion redox flow battery maintain the solid form and are suspended in the electrolyte.[3] Further development expanded the applicable active materials.[4] The solid active materials, especially with active materials from lithium-ion battery, can help the suspensions achieve much higher energy densities than conventional redox flow batteries. This concept is similar to semi-solid flow batteries in which slurries of active materials accompanied by conductive carbon additives to facilitate electrons conducting are stored in energy storage tanks and pumped through the electrochemical reaction cells.[5] Based upon this technique, an analytical method was developed to measure the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion battery active materials, named dispersed particle resistance (DPR).[6][7][8]

References

  1. ↑ Qi, Zhaoxiang; Koenig, Gary M. (July 2017). "Review Article: Flow battery systems with solid electroactive materials". Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena. 35 (4): 040801. doi:10.1116/1.4983210. ISSN 2166-2746.
  2. ↑ Qi, Zhaoxiang; Koenig, Gary M. (2016-08-15). "A carbon-free lithium-ion solid dispersion redox couple with low viscosity for redox flow batteries". Journal of Power Sources. 323: 97–106. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.05.033. ISSN 0378-7753.
  3. ↑ Qi, Zhaoxiang; Liu, Aaron L.; Koenig Jr, Gary M. (2017-02-20). "Carbon-free Solid Dispersion LiCoO2 Redox Couple Characterization and Electrochemical Evaluation for All Solid Dispersion Redox Flow Batteries". Electrochimica Acta. 228: 91–99. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2017.01.061.
  4. ↑ Qi, Zhaoxiang; Koenig, Gary M. (2016-08-15). "A carbon-free lithium-ion solid dispersion redox couple with low viscosity for redox flow batteries". Journal of Power Sources. 323: 97–106. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.05.033. ISSN 0378-7753.
  5. ↑ Duduta, Mihai (May 2011). "Semi-Solid Lithium Rechargeable Flow Battery". Advanced Energy Materials. 1 (4): 511–516. doi:10.1002/aenm.201100152.
  6. ↑ Qi, Zhaoxiang; Koenig, Gary M. (2017-01-01). "Electrochemical Evaluation of Suspensions of Lithium-Ion Battery Active Materials as an Indicator of Rate Capability". Journal of the Electrochemical Society. 164 (2): A151–A155. doi:10.1149/2.0681702jes. ISSN 0013-4651.
  7. ↑ Qi, Zhaoxiang; Dong, Hongxu; Koenig, Gary M. (2017-11-01). "Electrochemical Characterization of Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode Materials with Aqueous Flowing Dispersions". Electrochimica Acta. 253: 163–170. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2017.09.031. ISSN 0013-4686.
  8. ↑ Geng, Linxiao; Denecke, Matthew E.; Foley, Sonia B.; Dong, Hongxu; Qi, Zhaoxiang; Koenig, Gary M. (2018-08-10). "Electrochemical characterization of lithium cobalt oxide within aqueous flow suspensions as an indicator of rate capability in lithium-ion battery electrodes". Electrochimica Acta. 281: 822–830. doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.037. ISSN 0013-4686.
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