Soling
NameSoling

The main article describes all European Soling Championships from one the first held in 1968 to the announced Championships in the near future. This article states the detailed results, where relevant the controversies, and the progression of the Championship during the series race by race of the European Soling Championships in the years 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1979. This is based on the major sources: World Sailing, the world governing body for the sport of sailing recognized by the IOC and the IPC, and the publications of the International Soling Association. Unfortunately not all crew names are documented in the major sources.

1968 Final results

1968
Regatta area Skovshoved
Event title
Edition1 [1][2][3]
HostKongelig Dansk Yachtklub (KDY)
Event details
VenueSkovshoved,
 Denmark
Dates15–22 July
Yachts25
Opening ceremony16 July
Competitors
Competitors75
Results
1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold Norway
Per Spilling
Jim Mc Elvin
Dag Blomdal
2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver Netherlands
Geert Bakker
Nomen nescio
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze Denmark
Niels Bolt Jörgensen
Nomen nescio
1969 →

Only the results of the top five boats were documented.

RankCountryHelmsmanCrewSail No. Race 1Race 2Race 3Race 4Race 5Race 6TotalTotal
–
discard
Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.
1st place, gold medalist(s)  NOR Per SpellingJim Mc Elvin
Dag Blomdal		N 710.010.0 RET 32.0611.735.723.052.420.4
2nd place, silver medalist(s)  NED Geert BakkerNomen nescioH 123.0 10 16.010.0510.048.010.037.021.0
3rd place, bronze medalist(s)  DEN Niels Bolt JörgensenNomen nescioD 1948.0 5 10.035.710.023.0510.036.726.7
4  NOR Finn FernerNomen nescioN 2 6 11.723.0510.023.010.0611.739.427.7
5  DEN Tom CarlsenNomen nescioD 18510.035.7611.748.0611.7 7 13.060.147.1

    Legend: DNF – Did not finish; DNS – Did not start; DSQ – Disqualified;
    Discard is crossed out and does not count for the overall result.

    • 1968 Progress

    1969 Final results

    1969
    Sailor Hotel Sandhamn
    Event title
    Edition2 [1][2][3]
    HostKungliga Svenska Segelsallskapet (KSSK)
    Event details
    VenueSandhamn,
     Sweden
    Yachts46
    Competitors
    Competitors138
    Competing nations11
    Results
    1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold Sweden
    Arved von Grünewaldt
    Nomen nescio
    2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver Sweden
    H. Kellner
    Nomen nescio
    3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze West Germany
    Eckart Wagner
    Nomen nescio
    ← 1968
    1970 →

    Only the results of the top five boats were documented.

    RankCountryHelmsmanSail No. Race 1Race 2Race 3Race 4Race 5Race 6TotalTotal
    –
    discard
    Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.Pos.Pts.
    1st place, gold medalist(s)  SWE Arved von GrünewaldtS 21814.023.010.0510.0510.0 12 18.055.037.0
    2nd place, silver medalist(s)  SWE H. KellerS 271117.0611.723.035.710.0 15 21.058.437.4
    3rd place, bronze medalist(s)  FRG Eckart WagnerG 24 24 30.0814.048.048.048.010.068.038.0
    4  SWE Stig WennerstromS 351016.010.0510.0611.723.0 28 34.074.740.7
    5  AUS K. WinterbottomKA 57 14 20.048.035.710.01420.0713.066.746.7

      Legend: DNF – Did not finish; DNS – Did not start; DSQ – Disqualified;
      Discard is crossed out and does not count for the overall result.

      • 1969 Progress

      1970 Final results

      1970
      Event title
      Edition3 [2][3]
      Event details
      VenueHankø,
       Norway
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold Denmark
      Paul Elvstrøm
      Niels Jensen
      Poul Mik-Meyer
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver Sweden
      Arved von Grünewaldt
      Tommy Nilsson
      Anders Nordin
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze Sweden
      Pelle Petterson
      Nomen nescio
      ← 1969
      1971 →

      No further results found yet!

      • 1970 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      1971 Final results

      1971
      Travemünde Harbor
      Event title
      Edition4 [4][2][3]
      Event details
      VenueTravemünde,
       West Germany
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold Denmark
      Paul Elvstrøm
      Niels Jensen
      Valdemar Bandolowski
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver Soviet Union
      Timur Pinegin
      Valentin Zamotaykin
      Rais Galimov
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze West Germany
      Niels Bolt Jörgensen
      Nomen nescio
      ← 1970
      1972 →

      No further results found yet!

      • 1971 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      1972 Final results

      1972
      Regatta area Skovshoved
      Event title
      Edition5 [2][3]
      HostKongelig Dansk Yachtklub (KDY)
      Event details
      VenueSkovshoved,
       Denmark
      Dates8-16 August
      Opening ceremony10 August
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold East Germany
      Roland Schwarz
      Lothar Köpsel
      Werner Christoph
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver United Kingdom
      John Oakeley
      Charles Reynolds
      Barry Dunning
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze Denmark
      Paul Elvstrøm
      Niels Jensen
      Valdemar Bandolowski
      ← 1971
      1973 →

      No further results found yet!

      • 1972 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      1973 Final results

      1973
      "Visafslag" Koninklijke Zeil- en Roeivereniging Hollandia
      Event title
      Edition6 [2][3]
      HostKoninklijke Zeil- en Roeivereniging Hollandia
      Event details
      VenueMedemblik,
       Netherlands
      Dates14-22 July
      Opening ceremony16 July
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold East Germany
      Dieter Below
      Olaf Engelhardt
      Michael Zachries
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver Austria
      Uli Strohschneider
      Nomen nescio
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze East Germany
      Roland Schwarz
      Lothar Köpsel
      Werner Christoph
      ← 1972
      1974 →

      No further results found yet!

      • 1973 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      1974 Final results

      1974
      Burgee Royal Northern and Clyde Yacht Club
      Event title
      Edition7 [2][3][5]
      HostRoyal Northern and Clyde Yacht Club
      Event details
      VenueHelensburgh,
       United Kingdom
      Dates1-8 September
      Yachts53
      Opening ceremony2 September
      Competitors
      Competitors159
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold West Germany
      Willi Kuhweide
      Axel May
      Karsten Meyer
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver Denmark
      Poul Richard Høj Jensen
      Nomen nescio
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze East Germany
      Roland Schwarz
      Lothar Köpsel
      Werner Christoph
      ← 1973
      1975 →

      Only the top 6 and 10 ranking is documented.

      Rank Country Helmsman Crew Sail No Boat name Total
      –
      discard
      1st place, gold medalist(s) FRGWilli KuhweideAxel May
      Karsten Meyer      		G 135Darling23.0
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) DENPoul Richard Høj JensenNot documentedD 60Bo-Bo40.4
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) GDRRoland SchwarzLothar Köpsel
      Werner Christoph      		Optimist69.0
      4 GDRDieter BelowOlaf Engelhardt
      Michael Zachries      		GO 5Rasmus69.4
      5 FRGErich HirtNot documentedG 139Frechdachs91.7
      6 AUTUli StrohschneiderNot documentedOE 18Baladin93.4
      10 GBRCharles InghamNot documentedK 111Chameleon Too101.7
      • 1974 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      1975 Final results

      1975
      Alassio
      Event title
      Edition8 [2][3][6]
      HostIl Circolo Nautico Al Mare di Alassio, CNAM
      Event details
      VenueAlassio,
       Italy
      Dates17 - 25 May
      Yachts62
      Opening ceremony19 May
      Competitors
      Competitors186
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold Sweden
      Stig Wennerström
      Lennart Roslund
      Stefan Krook
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver East Germany
      Roland Schwarz
      Lothar Köpsel
      Werner Christoph
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze Italy
      Fabio Albarelli
      Leopoldo Di Martino
      Guidotti
      ← 1974
      1976 →

      Only the top 20 ranking is documented.

      Rank Country Helmsman Crew Sail No Boat name Total
      –
      discard
      1st place, gold medalist(s) SWEStig WennerströmLennart Roslund
      Stefan Krook      		S 111Blott XVII32.7
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) GDRRoland SchwarzLothar Köpsel
      Werner Christoph      		GO 6NN49.4
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) ITAFabio AlbarelliLeopoldo di Martino
      Guidotti      		I 164Peler II54.7
      4 AUTHubert RaudaschlNomen nescioOE 41May Be56.0
      5 GDRDieter BelowOlaf Engelhardt
      Michael Zachries      		GO 5Rasmus60.0
      6 FRGWilli KuhweideAxel May
      Karsten Meyer      		G 155Darling62.7
      7 FRGErich HirtNomen nescioG 139Frechdachs63.0
      8 ITAScalaNomen nescioOE 18Canaco71.7
      9 DENValdemar BandolowskiNomen nescioD 66NN86.7
      10 ITACoccoloniNomen nescioI 145Finco III92.0
      11 DENPoul Richard Høj JensenNomen nescioD 65Bobo93.7
      12 ITALuigi CroceE. Enrico
      Nomen nescio      		I 152Simone Boccanegra124.0
      13 FRGAchim KadelbachNomen nescioG 116Scampex125.0
      14 AUTUli StrohschneiderNomen nescioOE 48Baladin127.7
      15 FRABertrand CheretNomen nescioF 121NN128.0
      16 GBRCharled InghamNomen nescioK 111Chameleon Too128.0
      17 NEDHeiki BlokNomen nescioH 14Brave Hendrik VII137.0
      18  SUIEdwin BernetNomen nescioZ 161Mistere147.0
      19 NEDRien RozendaalNomen nescioH 15Bojo148.0
      20 GBRE. SimondsNomen nescioK 115Pandemonium III153.0
      • 1975 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      1976 Final results

      1976
      Burgee Société Nautique de Genève
      Event title
      Edition9 [2][3][7][8]
      HostSociété Nautique de Genève
      Event details
      VenueGeneva,
        Switzerland
      Dates28 April - 8 May
      Yachts54
      Key people
      ● Gerard Devaud   Switzerland President of the organizing committee
      ● Alan Elmassian   Switzerland Race Officer
      ● Eric Cake  United Kingdom Chairman of the Jury
      Opening ceremony30 April
      Competitors
      Competitors162
      Competing nations18
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold East Germany
      Dieter Below
      Olaf Engelhardt
      Michael Zachries
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver Denmark
      Poul Richard Høj Jensen
      Valdemar Bandolowski
      Erik Hermann Hansen
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze Austria
      Herbert Raudaschl
      Walter Raudaschl
      Rudi Mayer
      ← 1975
      1977 →

      No further results details documented.

      Rank Country Helmsman Crew Sail No Boat name Total
      –
      discard
      1st place, gold medalist(s) GDRDieter BelowOlaf Engelhardt
      Michael Zachries      		GO 5Rasmus37.7
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) DENPoul Richard Høj JensenValdemar Bandolowski
      Erik Hermann Hansen      		D 67Bobo52.7
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) AUTHubert RaudaschlWalter Raudaschl
      Rudi Mayer      		OE 51May Be59.0
      4 GDRRoland SchwarzLothar Köpsel
      Werner Christoph      		GO 6Optimist60.0
      5 URSBoris BudnikovNomen nescioSR 16Olen60.0
      6 SWEJörgen SundelinPeter Sundelin
      Ulf Sundelin      		S 105Debutant61.7
      7 FRABertrand CheretNomen nescioF 131Partos100.7
      8 NEDGeert BakkerNomen nescioH 17Cadans109.0
      9 FRGFritz GeisWerde
      Meyer      		G 152Lady for Three113.0
      10 GBRJohn OakeleyNomen nescioK 123Go114.4
      11  SUIA. CaronicaNomen nescioZ 190Onac III127.0
      12 FINKai WagelloNomen nescioL 31Nordic VII128.7
      13  SUIEdwin BernetNomen nescioZ 211Mystere131.7
      14 ITAFabio AlbarelliNomen nescioI 154Peler133.0
      15 AUTUli StrohschneiderNomen nescioOE 58Baladin134.7
      16 FINMatti JokinenM. Paloheimo
      Nomen nescio      		L 35Finnmaid138.7
      17 BRAAugusto BarrosoNomen nescioBL 20Feitico V142.0
      18 FINSam HartikainenNomen nescioL 37TWink142.0
      19 NEDHeiki BlokNomen nescioH 18Brave Hendrik VIII144.0
      20 FRGMax KochNomen nescioG 145Mauzi144.0
      21  SUIA. LanzNomen nescioZ 208Rafti153.0
      22 FRGErich HirtNomen nescioG 139Frechs Dachs154.7
      23 FINKurt NymanNomen nescioL 38May Be162.7
      24 CANGlen DexterAndreas Josenhans
      Sandy MacMillan      		KC 122Tycups II163.0
      25 SWEStig WennerstromNomen nescioS 111Blott XVII165.7
      26 MONGérard BattagliaJean-Pierre Borro
      Claude Rossi      		MO 1Artea II169.0
      27 FRGHeiner HedikeNomen nescioG 154Traum VII171.0
      28 GBRCharles InghamNomen nescioK 111Chameleon Two185.0
      29 GBR}WatsonCochrane
      Woolard      		K 113Bullet II187.0
      30 FRAHenri SamuelNomen nescioF 127Galaxie188.0
      31  SUIA. SchürchNomen nescioZ 203Hokai189.0
      32 GREGeorge AndreadisNomen nescioGR 24Okeanis III194.0
      33 BRAEduardo de SouzaNomen nescioBL 33Krishna198.0
      34  SUIR. BourquinNomen nescioZ 120Pabo202.0
      35 FRARené SenceNomen nescioF 134Christe205.0
      36  SUIR. GuigrardNomen nescioZ 176Gavroche IV211.0
      37 GBRE.S. FordNomen nescioK 118Romance213.0
      38 FRGRainer NiemannNomen nescioG 95Sauzahn227.0
      39  SUIU. ColombiNomen nescioZ 171Salty Tiger227.7
      40  SUIJ. ChristenNomen nescioZ 173Nadia232.0
      41 FRGHans Peter BerkesNomen nescioG 168Blauer Peter236.0
      42 FRGAlfred NiermannNomen nescioG 127Weizenbock246.0
      43 GRENomen nescioNomen nescioGR 16Arctouros III274.0
      44 BELW. HaverhalsNomen nescioB 9Blue Girl III277.0
      45 ITANomen nescioNomen nescioI 109Franca II286.0
      46  SUIA. AmherdNomen nescioZ 210Viola290.0
      47 AUTHelmuth ReischerNomen nescioOE 50Shangri-La293.0
      48  SUIR. Martin-Du-PanNomen nescioZ 146Soukha293.0
      49 ITAStefano RossariNomen nescioI 141Lerone295.0
      50 ITANegriBaldioli
      Nomen nescio      		I 89Snoopy II298.0
      51 FINVladimir MarchanBaldioli
      Nomen nescio      		L 40Carmen298.0
      52  SUIPeter MischlerNomen nescioZ 188Challenger299.0
      53 FRABonacorsiNomen nescioF 107Raf322.0
      54 YUGDavid AntocicNomen nescioY 1Arius332.0
      • 1976 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      1977 Final results

      1977
      Yacht Club of Greece, Piraeus
      Event title
      Edition10 [2][3][9]
      HostYacht Club of Greece
      Event details
      VenuePiraeus,
       Greece
      Dates26 August - 6 September
      Opening ceremony30 August
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold West Germany
      Fritz Geis
      Gerhard Fehzner
      Andreas Bock
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver West Germany
      Willi Kuhweide
      Axel May
      Karsten Meyer
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze Denmark
      Valdemar Bandolowski
      Nomen nescio
      ← 1976
      1978 →

      Only the ranking results of the first 10 teams are documented.

      Rank Country Helmsman Crew Sail No Total
      –
      discard
      1st place, gold medalist(s) FRGFritz GeisGerhard Fehzner
      Andreas Bock      		G 19240.7
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) FRGWilli KuhweideAxel May
      Karsten Meyer      		G 18542.7
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) DENValdemar BandolowskiNomen nescioD 7346.1
      4 SWEStig WennerstromNomen nescioGO 663.7
      5 URSBoris BudnikovNomen nescioSR 1668.0
      6 FRAPatrick HaegeliNomen nescioF 13278.4
      7  SUIEdwin BernetNomen nescioZ 21199.0
      8 AUTUli StrohschneiderNomen nescioOE 58100.0
      9 SWEArved von GruenewaldtNomen nescioS 83101.0
      10 FRGKarl HaistNomen nescioG 178105.7
      • 1977 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      1978 Final results

      1978
      Olympiazentrum Schilksee
      Event title
      Edition11 [2][3][10][11]
      HostKieler Yacht-Club
      Event details
      VenueKiel,
       West Germany
      Dates2-9 July
      Opening ceremony4 July
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold Canada
      Hans Fogh
      John Kerr
      Dennis Toews
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver Canada
      Glenn Dexter
      Andreas Josenhans
      Sandy MacMillan
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze East Germany
      Dieter Below
      Olaf Engelhardt
      Michael Zachries
      ← 1977
      1979 →

      Race 2 on July 4 was abandoned due to winds over 60 knots and windshift of 60 degrees on the last reach. Only 22 teams out of 73 entries were able to finish. Four boats sunk some probably by infringements of the class rules. Only two of them could be recovered. Due to the weather conditions the planned races were sailed in the following sequence:

      • 4 July Race 1
      • 7 July Race 2 + 5
      • 8 July Race 3 + 6
      • 9 July Race 4 + 7

      Daily results

      Rank 1 2 3 4 5
      Race 1: Canada Hans Fogh Sweden Jörgen Sundelin Sweden Stig Wennerstrom West Germany Fritz Geis Denmark Poul Richard Høj Jensen
      Race 2: Canada Hans Fogh Canada Peter Hall Netherlands Geert Bakker Denmark Valdemar Bandolowski Soviet Union Boris Budnikov
      Race 3: Canada Glen Dexter Canada Bill Abbott Jr. East Germany Dieter Below Soviet Union Boris Budnikov West Germany Willi Kuhweide
      Race 4: West Germany Fritz Geis Sweden Stig Wennerstrom Greece George Andreadis Canada Bill Abbott Jr. France Patrick Haegeli
      Race 5: East Germany Dieter Below Brazil Eduardo de Souza Austria Carl Auteried Canada Hans Fogh Canada Bill Abbott Jr.
      Race 6: West Germany Willi Kuhweide Soviet Union Boris Budnikov Denmark Poul Richard Høj Jensen East Germany Dieter Below Canada Hans Fogh
      Race 7: Soviet Union Boris Budnikov United Kingdom Philip Crebbin West Germany Erich Hirt Canada Glen Dexter Brazil Eduardo Ramos

      Overall results

      Rank Country Helmsman Crew
      1st place, gold medalist(s) CANHans FoghJohn Kerr
      Dennis Toews
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) CANGlenn DexterAndreas Josenhans
      Sandy MacMillan
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) GDRDieter BelowOlaf Engelhardt
      Michael Zachries
      4 URSBoris BudnikovNomen nescio
      5 CANBill Abbott Jr.Nomen nescio
      6Nomen nescioNomen nescioNomen nescio
      7 SWEStig WennerstromNomen nescio
      8Nomen nescioNomen nescioNomen nescio
      9Nomen nescioNomen nescioNomen nescio
      10 CANPeter HallNomen nescio
      • 1978 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      1979 Final results

      1979
      Port entry at night
      Event title
      Edition12 [2][3][12]
      Event details
      VenueLa Rochelle,
       France
      Dates26 August - 2 September
      Yachts129
      Opening ceremony27 August
      Competitors
      Competitors43
      Competing nations14
      Results
      1st place, gold medalist(s) Gold Brazil
      Eduardo Ramos
      Manfred Kaufman
      Thomas Heiman
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) Silver Netherlands
      Geert Bakker
      Pieter Keijzer
      Harald de Vlaming
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Bronze Sweden
      Arved von Grünewaltdt
      Tommy Nilsson
      Anders Nordin
      ← 1978
      1980 →

      Only the ranking of the top ten boats were documented.

      Rank Country Helmsman Crew
      1st place, gold medalist(s) BRAEduardo RamosManfred Kaufman
      Thomas Heiman
      2nd place, silver medalist(s) NEDGeert BakkerPieter Keijzer
      Harald de Vlaming
      3rd place, bronze medalist(s) SWEArved von GrünewaltdtTommy Nilsson
      Anders Nordin
      4 ITADottiNomen nescio
      5 FRABertrand CheretNomen nescio
      6 GBRColin SimondsNomen nescio
      7  SUIJean-François CorminboeufNomen nescio
      8 ITABarozzoNomen nescio
      9 FRASerge MauryNomen nescio
      10 FRGFritz GeisNomen nescio
      • 1979 Progress

      Not enough date to generate!

      Further results

      For further results see:

      References

      1. 1 2 Schiøttz, Eyvin (ed.). "Major Events of the Past" (PDF). SOLING GUIDE 1970. Vol. 1970, no. 1. International Soling Association. p. 3.
      2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Reed, Dinny (ed.). "Soling Champions/World Events/World Champions" (PDF). The International Soling Association GUIDE 1996 - 2000. Vol. 1996–2000, no. 1. International Soling Association. p. 8 & 9.
      3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Segeln - Welt- und Europameisterschaften Herren (Olympische Bootsklassen - Soling)" (ASCII). www.sport-komplett.de (in German). Sport Komplett. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
      4. ↑ Schiøttz, Eyvin (ed.). "Soling Races Around the World" (PDF). The International Soling Association GUIDE 1971. Vol. 1971, no. 1. International Soling Association. p. 5.
      5. ↑ Lee, Bruce (ed.). "Kuhweide Stamps Mark on European Soling Series" (PDF). Soling Sailing. Vol. 1, no. 3. International Soling Association. p. 1.
      6. ↑ Lee, Bruce (ed.). "Soling Europeans: Great Fleet Poor test" (PDF). Soling Sailing. Vol. 2, no. 2. International Soling Association. p. 1, 12, 13 & 14.
      7. ↑ Lee, Bruce (ed.). "Regatta Results European Championship" (PDF). Soling Sailing. Vol. 3, no. 1. International Soling Association. p. 2.
      8. ↑ Lee, Bruce (ed.). "1976 Soling European Championship" (PDF). Soling Sailing. Vol. 3, no. 2. International Soling Association. p. 8, 9, 11.
      9. ↑ Lee, Bruce (ed.). "Fritz Geis New European Champion" (PDF). Soling Sailing. Vol. 4, no. 3. International Soling Association. p. 15-16.
      10. ↑ Walker, Stuart H. (ed.). "1978 Soling Europeans" (PDF). Soling Sailing. Vol. 5, no. 3. International Soling Association. p. 1, 7, 8 & 9.
      11. ↑ Bakker, Geert (ed.). "Report from the President" (PDF). Soling Sailing. Vol. 5, no. 3. International Soling Association. p. 1 & 5.
      12. ↑ Lee, Bruce (ed.). "European Championship - La Rochelle" (PDF). Soling Sailing. Vol. 6, no. 4. International Soling Association. p. 2.
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