Syodontinae
Temporal range: Middle Permian
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Synapsida
Clade: Therapsida
Suborder: Dinocephalia
Family: Anteosauridae
Subfamily: Syodontinae
Ivakhnenko, 1994
Subgroups

Syodontinae is a group of dinocephalian therapsids. It is one of two subfamilies in the family Anteosauridae, the other being Anteosaurinae.[1] They are known from the Middle Permian Period of what is now Russia and South Africa. One of the best known syodontines is Syodon from Russia. The South African form Australosyodon, is one of the earliest known Gondwanan anteosaurs.

Description

Syodontines lack the boss on the lower jaw that characterises the related anteosaurines, and they have often been considered more primitive in this respect.

Classification

Below is a cladogram showing syodontine relationships from a 2012 phylogenetic study of anteosaurians:[2]

Therapsida

Biarmosuchus tener

Dinocephalia

Estemmenosuchus uralensis

Ulemosaurus svijagensis

Tapinocaninus pamelae

Anteosauridae

Archaeosyodon praeventor

Anteosaurinae

Sinophoneus yumenensis

Titanophoneus adamanteus

Titanophoneus potens

Anteosaurus magnificus

Syodontinae

Pampaphoneus biccai

Notosyodon gusevi

Syodon biarmicum

Australosyodon nyaphuli

References

  1. Kammerer, C.F. (2011). "Systematics of the Anteosauria (Therapsida: Dinocephalia)". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 9 (2): 261–304. doi:10.1080/14772019.2010.492645. S2CID 84799772.
  2. Cisneros, J.C.; Abdala, F.; Atayman-Güven, S.; Rubidge, B.S.; Şengör, A.M.C.; Schultz, C.L. (2012). "Carnivorous dinocephalian from the Middle Permian of Brazil and tetrapod dispersal in Pangaea". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 109 (5): 1584–1588. Bibcode:2012PNAS..109.1584C. doi:10.1073/pnas.1115975109. PMC 3277192. PMID 22307615.


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