Howitzer Motor Carriage T92
First T92 HMC pilot vehicle
Place of originUnited States
Specifications
Mass127,000 lb (58 t)[1]
Length384 in (9.8 m; 32 ft 0 in)[1]
Width133 in (3.4 m; 11 ft 1 in)[1]
Height125 in (3.2 m; 10 ft 5 in)[1]
Crew8 (Commander, driver, co-driver, 5x gun crew)
Rate of fire1 round/min[1]
Maximum firing range25,255 yd (23.093 km)[1]
Armor25 mm (0.98 in)
Main
armament
T92: 240 mm howitzer M1
T93: 8-inch Gun M1
EngineFord GAF; 8 cylinder, gasoline
470 hp (350 kW)
Power/weight8.1 hp/ton[2]
Suspensiontorsion bar[1]
Operational
range
50–80 mi (80–129 km)
Maximum speed 24 km/h (15 mph)

The 240 mm Howitzer Motor Carriage T92 was a self-propelled howitzer developed by the United States during World War II. The same mounting with the 8-inch Gun M1 was developed as the T93. Neither was built in significant numbers and the war ended before they could be used in combat.

History

The towed 240 mm M1 howitzer was difficult to use due to its weight. Experience with the 155mm howitzer on the M4 chassis suggested it might be possible to mount it on the Heavy Tank T26E3 (which was formally named "Heavy Tank M26 Pershing" in March 1945) chassis, and that the 8-inch gun could also be mounted as part of a planned "Heavy Combat Team" using the same chassis.[3] The latter was given the designation T93 Gun Motor Carriage.[4]

The chassis needed to be lengthened with addition of an extra road wheel, to give seven each side. The drive sprocket was also moved to the front.

A limited production run ("limited procurement") of four pilot vehicles was ordered in March 1945, and the first was finished in July of that year, only five would be built in total. Two T93 were completed by September. All contracts were terminated with the end of the hostilities.[5]

Service

The trials of the T92 and T93 showed that they would be useful in Operation Downfall, the planned invasion of the Japanese mainland. To this end, special fuses for the shells were developed so they could be used against concrete. The T92s and T93s were being readied for sending to the Pacific War but the Japanese surrender occurred on 14 August 1945.[6]

Preserved vehicles

A surviving T92 is preserved at the Detroit Arsenal in Warren, MI.

Variants

T93 GMC prototype, circa 1945

A similar vehicle was also built in conjunction with the T92, the T93 Gun Motor Carriage which mounted the longer 8-inch (203 mm) M1 gun instead of the 240 mm howitzer.

See also

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Maj. Gen. Louis E. Hibbs (July 1946). Col. Devere Armstrong (ed.). "Report on the field - Artillery conference" (PDF). The Field Artillery Journal. The United States Field Artillery Association. 36 (7).
  2. ↑ Col. Devere Armstrong, ed. (September 1946). "To the editor" (PDF). The Field Artillery Journal. The United States Field Artillery Association. 36 (9): 549.
  3. ↑ Other members would be the T26E5 Assault Tank, T84 8-inch HMC
  4. ↑ Chamberlain & Ellis, British and American Tanks of World War II Arco Publishing 1969 p161
  5. ↑ Chamberlain & Ellis p161
  6. ↑ Chamberlain& Ellis p161

Bibliography

  • R.P. Hunnicutt. Pershing: A History of the Medium Tank T20 Series. ISBN 978-0982190708.

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