Rice Root Aphid
galls on elm leaf
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Sternorrhyncha
Family: Aphididae
Subfamily: Eriosomatinae
Genus: Tetraneura
Species:
T. akinire
Binomial name
Tetraneura akinire
Sasaki, 1904
Synonyms[1]
  • Tetraneura argrimoniae
  • Tetraneura graminiradicis (Zhang, 1992)
  • Tetraneura hirsuta (Baker, 1921)
  • Tetraneura oryzae
  • Tetraneurella nigriabdominalis
  • Tetraneura nigriabdominalis (Sasaki, 1899)

The oriental grass root aphid (or rice root aphid), Tetraneura akinire, is an aphid in the superfamily Aphidoidea in the order Hemiptera. It is a true bug and sucks sap from plants.[2][3]

Ecology

Hosts alternate between elm leaves and roots of grasses and cereals. [4] The fundatrix (founding or stem mother) lays eggs in a leaf of the primary host, which are trees in the genus Ulmus. This stimulates production of galls where offspring of the fundatrix develop by feeding on host sap. These mature into winged adult alates, which complete the life cycle on the secondary host. [5]

The species is thought to have originated in Asia, but now has spread to southern and south-east Europe and the United States. [5] [6]

References

  1. ↑ Watanabe, Tomoko; Lee, Wonhoon; Sano, Masakazu; Murakami, Keisuke; Akimoto, Shin-Ichi (Sep 12, 2022). "Taxonomic revision of the Tetraneura akinire species group (Insecta, Aphididae, Eriosomatinae), with description of a new species and a correction of a nomenclatural confusion". Zootaxa. National Library of Medicine. 5183 (1): 162–186. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5183.1.14. PMID 36095452. S2CID 252210542.
  2. ↑ Kuo MH, et al. (2006). "Temperature-dependent development and population growth of Tetraneura nigriabdominalis (Homoptera: Pemphigidae) on three host plants". J Econ Entomol. 99 (4): 1209–13. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-99.4.1209. PMID 16937674. S2CID 198126468.
  3. ↑ Spela Modic. "TETRANEURA (TETRANEURELLA) NIGRIABDOMINALIS (SASAKI), GALL-FORMING APHID FOUND ON MAIZE ROOTS IN SLOVENIA". ResearchGate.
  4. ↑ "Tetraneura nigriabdominalis". Gallformers.
  5. 1 2 "Tetraneura nigriabdominalis Oriental grass root aphid". InfluentialPoints.
  6. ↑ Walczak, Urszula; Borowiak-Sobkowiak, Beata; Wilkaniec, Barbara (2017). "Tetraneura (Tetraneurella) nigriabdominalis (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) - A species extending its range in Europe, and morphological comparison with Tetraneura (Tetraneura) ulmi". Entomologica Fennica. ResearchGate. 28: 21–26. doi:10.33338/ef.84672.
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