The Spiral of Life mural series is a collection of phylogenetic tree public art murals currently housed by the Pittsburgh Zoo & PPG Aquarium, the National Aviary and the Carnegie Science Center.[1] The murals reinterpret Charles Darwin's Tree of Life model appearing in On the Origin of Species by using the spiral shape in order to show the evolutionary relatedness among species over time. The models accurately depict a modern phylogenetic tree, along with a time scale and illustrations of various plants, animals, fungi, insects, and bacteria. Opposite Darwin's illustration, which has often led to misconceptions that evolution is a linear process, the Spiral of Life shows a radial branching out of species from the last universal common ancestor and emphasizes that evolution is not exclusively linear or vertical.[2]

The series of illustrations was created by biological artist Joana Ricou under the guidance of Duquesne University professor John A. Pollock, Ph.D., along with the help of a research team at the Regenerative Medicine Partnership in Education.[3] The team used current phylogenetic data and research to construct a self-explanatory and aesthetic phylogenetic tree for multiple age groups.[4] Specifically, the model depicts possibilities for the roles that horizontal gene transfer plays in the evolution of life, which is not depicted in Darwin's illustration.[5]

In 2009, the series of illustrations were exhibited as educational wall murals during a celebration of the bicentennial anniversary of the birth of Charles Darwin in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, titled "Darwin 2009: A Pittsburgh Partnership". In addition to permanent exhibitions at the Pittsburgh Zoo & PPG Aquarium, the National Aviary and the Carnegie Science Center,[6] temporary murals were displayed at the Children's Museum of Pittsburgh and Phipps Conservatory.[7]

Scholarly Articles

1. Ricou, Joana, Danielle Commisso, Laura Lynn Gonzalez, John A. Pollock. Evaluation of a Mural Series on the Evolution of Life. International Journal for Cross-Displinary Subjects in Education, Volume 2, Issue 3, ISSN 2042-6364.

2. Ricou, Joana, John A. Pollock, Danielle Commisso. The Evolution Of Evolution: The Tree, The Spiral And The Web of Life. Extended Abstract. Proceedings of the Canada International Education Conference (2010)

3. Ricou, Joana, John A. Pollock (2010). The Tree, the Spiral and the Web of Life: A Visual Exploration. Leonardo Magazine (accepted for publication 2011/2012)

References

  1. ↑ Commisso, Danielle (Summer 2009). "Honoring Darwin at Duquesne University" (PDF). Flight Path: The Bulletin of Conservation and Field Research at the National Aviary. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  2. ↑ "The 'Spiral of Life' Mural Series" (PDF). Darwin 2009 February Newsletter. February 2009. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  3. ↑ Templeton, David (February 6, 2009). "Darwin's 200th Birthday Celebrated". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  4. ↑ "Bibliography for Spiral of Life" (PDF). Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  5. ↑ Ricou, Joana; et al. (September 2010), "Evaluation of a Mural Series on the Evolution of Life", International Journal for Cross-Displinary Subjects in Education
  6. ↑ Commisso, Danielle (Summer 2009). "Honoring Darwin at Duquesne University" (PDF). Flight Path: The Bulletin of Conservation and Field Research at the National Aviary. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
  7. ↑ "The 'Spiral of Life' Mural Series" (PDF). Darwin 2009 February Newsletter. February 2009. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
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