Thoracica
"Semibalanus balanoides"
Semibalanus balanoides
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Thecostraca
Subclass: Cirripedia
Infraclass: Thoracica
Darwin, 1854
Orders[1]

Thoracica is an infraclass of crustaceans which contains the most familiar species of barnacles found on rocky coasts, such as Semibalanus balanoides and Chthamalus stellatus. They have six well-developed limbs, and may be either stalked or sessile. The carapace is heavily calcified. The group includes free-living and commensal species.[2]

Classification

This article follows Chan et al. (2021) and WoRMS in placing Thoracica as an infraclass of Thecostraca and in the following classification of thoracicans down to the level of family:[3][4]

Infraclass Thoracica Darwin, 1854
Superorder Phosphatothoracica Gale, 2019
Order Iblomorpha Buckeridge & Newman, 2006
Family Iblidae Leach, 1825
Family Idioiblidae Buckeridge & Newman, 2006
Order †Eolepadomorpha Chan et al., 2021
Family †Eolepadidae Buckeridge, 1983
Family †Praelepadidae Chernyshev, 1930
Superorder Thoracicalcarea Gale, 2015
Order Balanomorpha Pilsbry, 1916
Superfamily Balanoidea Leach, 1817
Family Balanidae Leach, 1817
Family Pyrgomatidae Gray, 1825
Superfamily Chthamaloidea Darwin, 1854
Family Catophragmidae Utinomi, 1968
Family Chionelasmatidae Buckeridge, 1983
Family Chthamalidae Darwin, 1854
Family Pachylasmatidae Utinomi, 1968
Family Waikalasmatidae Ross & Newman, 2001
Superfamily Coronuloidea Leach, 1817
Family Austrobalanidae Newman & Ross, 1976
Family Bathylasmatidae Newman & Ross, 1971
Family Chelonibiidae Pilsbry, 1916
Family Coronulidae Leach, 1817
Family Tetraclitidae Gruvel, 1903
Superfamily Elminioidea Chan et al., 2021
Family Elminiidae Foster, 1982
Superfamily †Pachydiadematoidea Chan et al., 2021
Family †Pachydiadematidae Chan et al., 2021
Order Calanticomorpha Chan et al., 2021
Family Calanticidae Zevina, 1978
Family †Cretiscalpellidae Buckeridge, 1983
Family †Titanolepadidae Gale & Sørensen, 2015
Order Pollicipedomorpha Chan et al., 2021
Family Lithotryidae Gruvel, 1905
Family Pollicipedidae Leach, 1817
Family †Zeugmatolepadidae Newman, 1996
Order Scalpellomorpha Buckeridge & Newman, 2006
Superfamily Lepadoidea Chan et al., 2021
Family Heteralepadidae Nilsson-Cantell, 1921
Family Lepadidae Darwin, 1852
Family Malacolepadidae Hiro, 1937
Family Poecilasmatidae Annandale, 1909
Family Rhizolepadidae Zevina, 1980
Superfamily Neolepadoidea Chan et al., 2021
Family Neobrachylepadidae Newman & Yamaguchi, 1995
Family Neolepadidae Yamaguchi, Newman & Hashimoto, 2004
Family Neoverrucidae Newman, 1989 in Hessler & Newman, 1989
Family Probathylepadidae Ren & Sha, 2015
Superfamily Scalpelloidea Chan et al., 2021
Family Scalpellidae Pilsbry, 1907
Family †Proverrucidae Newman, 1989 in Hessler & Newman, 1989
Order Verrucomorpha Pilsbry, 1916
Family Verrucidae Darwin, 1854
Family †Eoverrucidae Gale, 2020
Order †Archaeolepadomorpha Chan et al., 2021
Family †Archaeolepadidae Gale, 2019
Family †Myolepadidae Gale, 2015 in Gale & Sørensen, 2015
Family †Stramentidae Withers, 1920
Order †Brachylepadomorpha Withers, 1923
Family †Brachylepadidae Woodward, 1901

References

  1. ↑ WoRMS (2019). Thoracica. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1107 on 2019-01-16
  2. ↑ Robert D. Barnes (1982). Invertebrate Zoology. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 706. ISBN 978-0-03-056747-6.
  3. ↑ Chan, Benny K. K.; Dreyer, Niklas; Gale, Andy S.; Glenner, Henrik; et al. (2021). "The evolutionary diversity of barnacles, with an updated classification of fossil and living forms". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 193 (3): 789–846. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa160. hdl:11250/2990967.
  4. ↑ "World Register of Marine Species, genus Dosima". Retrieved 2021-08-24.
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