Trema micranthum
In Brasília
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Cannabaceae
Genus: Trema
Species:
T. micranthum
Binomial name
Trema micranthum
(L.) Blume
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Calyptracordia alba (Jacq.) Britton
    • Cordia alba (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult
    • Gerascanthus albus (Jacq.) Borhidi
    • Lithocardium album (Jacq.) Kuntze
    • Lithocardium album Kuntze
    • Celtis albicans Willd. ex Steud.
    • Celtis canescens Kunth
    • Celtis chichilea Ruiz & Pav. ex Planch.
    • Celtis curiandiuba M.Gómez ex Planch.
    • Celtis lima Lam.
    • Celtis macrophylla Kunth
    • Celtis micrantha (L.) Sw.
    • Celtis microcarpa Salzm. ex Planch.
    • Celtis mollis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
    • Celtis rufescens Banks ex Planch.
    • Celtis schiedeana Schltdl.
    • Rhamnus micrantha L. (Basionym)
    • Sponia canescens (Kunth) Decne.
    • Sponia chichilea Planch.
    • Sponia crassifolia Liebm.
    • Sponia grisea Liebm.
    • Sponia lima Decne.
    • Sponia macrophylla (Kunth) Decne.
    • Sponia micrantha (L.) Decne. ex Planch.
    • Sponia micrantha (L.) Decne.
    • Sponia mollis Decne.
    • Sponia peruviana Klotzsch
    • Sponia riparia Decne.
    • Sponia schiedeana (Schltdl.) Planch.
    • Trema canescens (Kunth) Blume
    • Trema chichilea (Planch.) Blume
    • Trema floridana Britton ex Small
    • Trema lima Blume
    • Trema macrophylla (Kunth) Blume
    • Trema melinona Blume
    • Trema micrantha var. obtusatum Urb.
    • Trema micrantha var. strigillosa (Lundell) Standl. & Steyerm.
    • Trema mollis (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Blume
    • Trema riparia Blume
    • Trema rufescens Blume
    • Trema schiedeana (Schltdl.) Blume
    • Trema strigillosa Lundell
    • Urtica alnifolia Bertero ex Griseb.

Trema micranthum (sometimes Trema micrantha), the Jamaican nettletree[2] or capulin,[3] is a plant species native to warmer parts of the Western Hemisphere. It has been reported from Mexico, Central America, tropical South America, the Virgin Islands, Jamaica, Cuba, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, and southern Florida.[1][4][5]

Description

Trema micranthrum is a shrub or small tree up to 10 m (33 ft) tall. Leaves are egg-shaped, up to 9 cm (3.5 in) long, green on top but covered with white, woolly pubescence underneath. Flowers are greenish-white. Fruits are yellow to bright reddish-range, up to 4 mm (0.16 in) in diameter. [4][6][7]

Uses

Following the recent local extirpation of slow-growing xalama in San Pablito, Mexico due to unsustainable harvesting driven by tourism, the Otomi people now use T. micranthum bark strips as a raw material for making handmade amate paper.[8]

Phytochemicals

Claims have been made that T. micranthum may contain cannabidiol,[9] a non-psychoactive but medicinally useful component known from Cannabis. However, as with similar claims previously made about the related plant Trema orientale,[10] such claims have not yet been independently replicated by other researchers and are not yet widely accepted by the scientific community.[11]

References

  1. 1 2 "Trema micranthum (L.) Blume". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  2. ↑ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Trema micratha". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  3. ↑ "Trema micrantha". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
  4. 1 2 "Trema micrantha". Flora of North America @ efloras.org.
  5. ↑ "rema micrantha (L.) Blume distribution". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden.
  6. ↑ Blume CL (November 1, 1856). Museum botanicum Lugduno-Batavum, sive, Stirpium exoticarum novarum vel minus cognitarum ex vivis aut siccis brevis expositio et descriptio [Botanical Museum of Lyon-Batau, or, a brief exposition and description of new or less known exotic breeds from living or dry] (in Latin). Vol. 2. E.J. Brill.
  7. ↑ von Linné C, Salvius L (November 1, 1759). Caroli Linnaei...Systema naturae per regna tria naturae :secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. 2. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii.
  8. ↑ Peters CM, Rosenthal J, Urbina T (1987). "Otomi bark paper in Mexico: commercialization of a pre-hispanic technology". Economic Botany. 41 (3): 423–432. doi:10.1007/BF02859061. S2CID 21173713.
  9. ↑ Berger JH (4 July 2023). "Medical, but hold the marijuana: new CBD source found in Brazil". phys.org.
  10. ↑ Napiroon T, Tanruean K, Poolprasert P, Bacher M, Balslev H, Poopath M, Santimaleeworagun W (2021). "Cannabinoids from inflorescences fractions of Trema orientalis (L.) Blume (Cannabaceae) against human pathogenic bacteria". PeerJ. 9: e11446. doi:10.7717/peerj.11446. PMC 8126263. PMID 34035994.
  11. ↑ Appendino G, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Muñoz E (2022). "Cannabidiol (CBD) From Non-Cannabis Plants: Myth or Reality?". Natural Product Communications. 17 (5): 1934578X221098843. doi:10.1177/1934578X221098843. S2CID 248734336.
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