Typhoon Man-yi
Typhoon Man-yi approaching Japan on September 15
Meteorological history
FormedSeptember 11, 2013
ExtratropicalSeptember 16, 2013
DissipatedSeptember 20, 2013
Typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds120 km/h (75 mph)
Lowest pressure960 hPa (mbar); 28.35 inHg
Tropical storm
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds110 km/h (70 mph)
Lowest pressure978 hPa (mbar); 28.88 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities6 total
Damage$1.62 billion (2013 USD)
Areas affectedJapan
IBTrACS
Part of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Man-yi was a very severe storm that brought very strong winds and flash floods to Japan during mid-September. The third typhoon of the 2013 Pacific typhoon season, Man-yi was identified on September 10. It became a storm on September 12 and reached peak intensity on September 15. Japan was then experiencing winds above 30 knots. Typhoon Man-yi became extratropical on September 16 and fully dissipated late on September 20 in the Kamchatka Peninsula region, bringing strong winds until September 25.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

A large disturbance formed near the Northern Mariana Islands late on September 9. Late on September 11, the JMA reported that the disturbance intensified to a tropical depression had developed about 565 km (350 mi) to the northeast of Saipan, in the Northern Mariana Islands.[1] It was designated as 16W by the JTWC and JMA upgraded to a tropical storm naming it Man-yi on September 13, moving north then west on September 13. Man-yi still started intensifying and grew larger more later that day as it dropped a pressure of 20 millibars.[2]

Late on September 14, Man-yi became a severe tropical storm, absorbing few dry air and making a small unbalanced eye. Man-yi started moving towards Japan making more strong winds to Japan on September 15 and made landfall on September 16 near Toyohashi, Aichi Prefecture.[3]

Preparations and impact

During September 14, as winds started to get stronger, evacuations were ordered to many places. In Kyoto, 268,000 residences were ordered to leave and about 81,000 in Fukuchiyama.[4]

In Kyoto on September 16, 260,000 people in the city were ordered to evacuate to shelters. Hundreds of thousands of others were also ordered to evacuate across mainly the west side of Japan. The JMA issued a “special warning” for three western Japan prefectures of Fukui, Kyoto, and Shiga. Over 70 people were injured and at least one person was killed. The government of Japan set up emergency task forces and employed rescue teams. Many homes were flooded and about 80,000 were without electricity in western and central Japan. Trains in Tokyo and its vicinity were mostly suspended and hundreds of flights were grounded.[5]

The storm made its first landfall in Toyohashi, Aichi Prefecture in 08:00am on September 15 as 2 people were reported dead and 6 missing. During the morning hours of September 16, another 4 people were dead by falling trees, landslides and flashfloods. According to the Japan Meteorological Agency, precipitation in the 48 hours through Monday morning reached about 300 mm in parts of the cities of Kyoto and Otsu — more than they usually get for the entire month. Precipitation topped 500 mm in parts of Mie and Nara, the agency said. In Osaka, about 290,000 residents in the city's harbor area were forced to flee early Monday. Although the evacuation order was lifted that afternoon, officials warned that the raging river currents were still dangerous.

Severe thunderstorms associated with the typhoon resulted in a localized tornado outbreak with nine tornadoes touching down; none of these exceeded F1 intensity.[6]

As of 09:00 pm on September 17, Typhoon Man-yi had weakened to an extratropical cyclone off Hokkaido, where up to 150 mm of rain was projected to have fallen by late Tuesday afternoon, the agency said. Damage across Japan were huge, total loss reached ¥160 billion (US$1.62 billion).[7]

See also

References

  1. ↑ RSMC Tokyo — Typhoon Center (October 16, 2013). Typhoon Man-yi (RSMC Tropical Cyclone Best Track). Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on October 16, 2013. Retrieved September 15, 2013.
  2. ↑ "Tropical Storm Activity Report — North Western Pacific Ocean — Tropical Storm Man-Yi (16W)". Retrieved September 13, 2013.
  3. ↑ "Tropical Storm Man-Yi in the Western Pacific Moves over Japan, Bringing High Winds and Heavy Rains". Retrieved September 16, 2013.
  4. ↑ "Thousands ordered to evacuate as typhoon lashes nation". Kyodo, Staff Report.
  5. ↑ "Typhoon Man-yi makes landfall, bringing torrential rains to western Japan". Japan Times. Retrieved September 16, 2013.
  6. ↑ (in Japanese) 台風第１８号による被害状況等について（第１１報） (PDF) (Report). Fire and Disaster Management Agency. October 7, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 14, 2014. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
  7. ↑ 平成25年の水害被害額について (PDF) (in Japanese). Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. March 27, 2015. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
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