Uliana Kravchenko
Уляна Кравченко, 1893 рік
Уляна Кравченко, 1893 рік
Native name
Уляна Кравченко
BornЮлія Шнайдер
31.03.1947
Occupationwriter, poet
Languageukrainian
NationalityGerman, Ukrainian
CitizenshipAustria-Hungary→Polish Republic

Uliana Kravchenko is the pen name of Julia Maria Schneider-Niementowska (April 18, 1860 – March 31, 1947), was a Ukrainian educator, writer[1] and the first Western Ukrainian woman to publish a book of poetry.[2]

She was born in Mykolaiv, currently in Stryi Raion of Lviv Oblast, grew up in Lviv and studied at a teaching seminary. Her father was Julian Schneider an employee of the district office, while her mother was Julia Łopuszańska.[3]

She made her first poetry attempts in Polish and Ukrainian under the guidance of her tutor Antonina Machczyńska.[4] After graduating from the seminary, Ulyana Kravchenko began teaching in the town of Bóbrka.[4] Her first published work was a story that appeared in the journal Zoria. Kravchenko was active in the Ukrainian women's movement in Galicia. Women's liberation was a major theme in her poetry; she was considered to be the bard of the women's movement. She was also one of the first women teachers in Galicia.[1][2] In 1885, thanks to the efforts of Ivan Franko, she gets a job in Lviv, but in the same year she is fired for promoting socialist ideas. From then until 1900, she works as a teacher in various villages in Galicia.[4] In 1920 Kravchenko moves permanently to Przemyśl as a retired teacher.[4] In 1941, she takes up creative work in the Union of Soviet Writers and social work as a councilor of the Przemyśl City National Council.[4]

Kravchenko died in Przemyśl at the age of 86.[1] On November 22, 1886, she married Jan Ambroży Niementowski, head of the village school in Dolishnia Luzhok. They had three children: son Jerzy and daughters Teodora and Julia.[3] Jerzy was a painter and poet who wrote in Polish, and was murdered at the age of 29 by Ukrainians in Yavoriv on November 28, 1918, during the Polish-Ukrainian war, while organising Polish militia.[5]

Selected works[1]

  • Prima vera, poetry (1885)
  • Na novyi shliakh ("Onto a New Road"), poetry (1891)
  • Prolisky ("Anemones"), children's poetry (1921)
  • V dorohu ("On Our Way"), children's poetry (1921)
  • Lebedyna pisnia ("The Swan Song"), children's poetry )1924)
  • V zhytti ie shchos’ ("There Is Something in Life"), poetry (1929)
  • Dlia neï—vse! ("For Her—Everything!"), poetry (1931)
  • Shelesty nam barvinochku ("Rustle for Us, Little Periwinkle"), children's poetry (1932)
  • Moï tsvity ("My Flowers"), prose collection (1933)
  • Zamist’ avtobiohrafiï ("Instead of An Autobiography"), memoirs (1934)
  • Spohady uchytel’ky ("Memoirs of a Teacher"), memoirs (1935)
  • Vybrani poeziï ("Selected Poems"), poetry (1941)
  • Khryzantemy ("Chrysanthemums"), autobiographical novella (1961)

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Kravchenko, Uliana". Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine.
  2. 1 2 Bohachevsky-Chomiak, Martha (1988). Feminists Despite Themselves: Women in Ukrainian Community Life, 1884-1939. pp. 104–05. ISBN 0920862578.
  3. 1 2 Fesnak, Anna. "Krawczenko Ulana" (PDF). Tekstowa kartoteka osobowa przemyślan.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 Pacykowski 1969, p. 22-24.
  5. ↑ Schubert 2012, p. 194.

Bibliography

  • Pacykowski, Józef (1969). "Ulana Krawczenko w 22 rocznicę śmierci" (PDF). Profile. 3: 22–24.
  • Schubert, Jan (2012). Inspekcja grobów żołnierskich w Przemyślu. Powstanie i działalność w Galicji Środkowej 1915–1918 (in Polish). Kraków.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)


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