Marine Scout Bombing Squadron 342
VMSB-343 Insignia
Active– August 1, 1943 - June 10, 1946
CountryUnited States
BranchUSMC
TypeDive Bomber squadron
RoleReconnaissance
Air Interdiction
Close air support
Part ofInactive
Nickname(s)Gregory's Gorilla's
Aircraft flown
BomberSBD Dauntless
SB2C Helldiver

Marine Scout Bombing Squadron 343 (VMSB-343) was a dive bomber squadron of the United States Marine Corps. Nicknamed “Gregory's Gorilla's”, they were active during World War II but saw limited action due to being assigned to fly anti-submarine patrols from Midway Atoll for their only deployed tour. The squadron later took part in the occupation of Northern China after the war and returned to the United States to be decommissioned on June 10, 1946. To date, no other Marine Corps squadron has carried the lineage and honors of VMSB-343.

History

Formation & training

Marine Scout Bombing Squadron 343 was commissioned at Marine Corps Auxiliary Airfield Atlantic, North Carolina on August 1, 1943.[1][2] The squadron transferred to Marine Corps Outlying Field Greenville on December 1, 1943 and trained there until July 15, 1944 when the squadron boarded trains bound for the West Coast.[3] The squadron departed Marine Corps Air Station Miramar on August 31, 1944 onboard the USS Altamaha (CVE-18) bound for Marine Corps Air Station Ewa, Hawaii.[4]

Midway

On October 27 the squadron's Curtiss SB2C Helldivers began the 1,100 mile flight to Midway Atoll stopping to refuel at French Frigate Shoals en route.[5] The flight crews flew via Curtiss R5Cs. The squadron operated off of Eastern Island providing anti-submarine patrols as part of the Hawaiian Sea Frontier. In April 1945 the squadron transferred to Sand Island where they would remain until the end of the war.[1] On August 11, 1945 the squadron boarded the USS Colusa (APA-74) to return to MCAS Ewa.[4]

Northern China

After returning to Hawaii many of the original members of VMSB-343 rotated home. The squadron was reformed with the addition of numerous personnel from VMSB-241 that were also rotating back through Hawaii.[6] In September 1945 the squadron set sail for China onboard the USS Arneb. During the voyage the ship endured Tyohoon Louise off the coast of Okinawa. The Arneb arrived at Jiaozhou Bay, Tsingtao where the squadron unloaded and began operations at Tsang Kou Airfield, a former Japanese Airfield. [7] The squadron began flying show-of-strength patrols on November 1, 1945. On December 8, Marine Aircraft Group 32 was tasked to fly an aerial show of strength over the Shantung Peninsula on the anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor. Six of the squadron's twelve aircraft got caught in a blinding snowstorm flying beneath the clouds on the return to Tsingtao and crashed near Pingdu.[8] Only two of the twelve squadron personnel involved in this flight survived, and two of the bodies were never recovered.[9]

On May 16, 1946, 78 marines from the squadron were transferred to other MAG-32 units while the remaining 128 marines embarked on the USS General J. C. Breckinridge (AP-176) to return to the United States. The ship arrived at San Francisco on June 2, 1946. The squadron was decommissioned on June 10, 1946.[10]

Overhead shot of Eastern Island on Midway Atoll.

Commanding Officers

The following officers commanded VMSB-343:[11]

  • Major Walter E. Gregory - August 1, 1943 - August 2, 1945
  • Major Harold G. Schlendering - August 3, 1945 - August 17, 1945
  • Major Perry H. Aliff - August 18, 1945 - August 30 - 1945
  • Major Jack Cosley - August 31, 1945 - January 10, 1946
  • Major Louis R. Buff - January 11, 1946 - May 16, 1946
  • Major W. F. Cornell - May 18, 1946 - June 10, 1946

Unit awards

Since the beginning of World War II, the United States military has honored various units for extraordinary heroism or outstanding non-combat service. The following are the known awards that VMSB-343 earned during their time in active service.

Streamer Award Year(s) Additional Info
World War II Victory Streamer 1942–1945 Pacific War
Navy Occupation Service Streamer with "ASIA"

China Service Streamer Sept 1946 - May 1947 North China

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Sherrod 1952, pp. 469.
  2. ↑ Shettle 2001, pp. 13.
  3. ↑ LeTendre, Burkholder & Lemieux 2000, pp. 139–141.
  4. 1 2 LeTendre, Burkholder & Lemieux 2000, pp. 153.
  5. ↑ LeTendre, Burkholder & Lemieux 2000, pp. 164.
  6. ↑ LeTendre, Burkholder & Lemieux 2000, pp. 254.
  7. ↑ LeTendre, Burkholder & Lemieux 2000, pp. 240.
  8. ↑ LeTendre, Burkholder & Lemieux 2000, pp. 244.
  9. ↑ LeTendre, Burkholder & Lemieux 2000, pp. 242.
  10. ↑ Rottman 2002, pp. 444.
  11. ↑ LeTendre, Burkholder & Lemieux 2000, pp. 256.

References

Books
  • LeTendre, Walter G.; Burkholder, Ferner L.; Lemieux, William F.S., eds. (2000). Friends Made, Moments Shared, Memories for Life: Oral History of U.S. Marine Corps Scout Bombing Squadron VMSB-343. Lemieux International Ltd. ISBN 0-96672-694-4.
  • Rottman, Gordon (2002). U.S. Marine Corps World War II Order of Battle - Ground and Air Units in the Pacific War, 1939 - 1945. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-31906-5.
  • Shettle, M. L. (2001). United States Marine Corps Air Stations of World War II. Bowersville, Georgia: Schaertel Publishing Co. ISBN 0-964-33882-3.
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