Vanessa Northington Gamble (born 1953) is a physician who chaired the Tuskegee Syphilis Study Legacy Committee in 1996.[1][2][3]

Early life and education

Born in West Philadelphia, Gamble was primarily raised by her maternal grandmother. She attended Philadelphia High School for Girls and graduated in 1970, then studied medical sociology and biology at Hampshire College, graduating with her bachelor's degree in 1974. Gamble then attended medical school and graduate school at the University of Pennsylvania, earning her M.D. in 1983 and her Ph.D. in the history and sociology of science in 1987. She completed her graduate medical education (residency) at the University of Massachusetts.[1]

Career

Gamble began her career with appointments at the Harvard School of Public Health, Hampshire College, and the University of Massachusetts. In 1989, she was appointed an associate professor at the University of Wisconsin, where she taught courses on the intersection of race and public health in the United States. At the University of Wisconsin Medical School, she founded and was director of its Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity.[1]

In 1996,[3] Gamble chaired a committee to investigate the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, an unethical, racist study of long-term syphilis infection in black men.[1] The committee's final report, published on May 20, called for then-President Bill Clinton to issue an apology in response to the harm done to the Macon County community and Tuskegee University, and the fears of government and medical abuse it created among African Americans. The report also called for the creation of programs to educate the public regarding the study, to train health care providers, and for ethics in scientific research.[4] President Clinton issued a formal apology on behalf of the government on May 16, 1997.[1] In her seminal article written later in 1997,[5] she explained however that while the Tuskegee Syphilis Study contributed to African Americans' continuing mistrust of the biomedical community, the study was not the most important reason. She called attention to a broader historical and social context that had already negatively influenced community attitudes, including countless prior medical injustices before the study's start in 1932.[6]

She left the University of Wisconsin in 2000, and moved to Tuskegee University, where she led the first National Bioethics Center to be established at a historically black university.[7] Beginning in 2003, Gamble was a professor at Johns Hopkins University in the school of public health.[1] As of 2016, she is a professor of medical humanities at George Washington University, where she began teaching in 2007.[8][9]

Gamble has also worked with research organizations, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, and the American Foundation for AIDS Research.[1]

Publications

  • "Standardizing return of participant results"[10]
  • "Outstanding Services to Negro Health": Dr. Dorothy Boulding Ferebee, Dr. Virginia M. Alexander, and Black Women Physicians' Public Health Activism.[11]
  • "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks reconsidered."[12]
  • "No struggle, no fight, no court battle": the 1948 desegregation of the University of Arkansas School of Medicine.[13]
  • "There wasn't a lot of comforts in those days:" African Americans, public health, and the 1918 influenza epidemic.[14]
  • "Midian Othello Bousfield: advocate for the medical and public health concerns of Black Americans."[15]
  • "Standing on shoulders."[16]
  • "NIH consensus development statement on hydroxyurea treatment for sickle cell disease."[17]
  • "National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference statement: hydroxyurea treatment for sickle cell disease."[18]
  • "Introduction to special issue: advancing the ethics of community-based participatory research."[19]
  • "Mistrust among minorities and the trustworthiness of medicine."[20]
  • "U.S. policy on health inequities: the interplay of politics and research."[21]
  • "Subcutaneous scars." Health Affairs 19, no. 1 (January/February 2000): 164-169.[22]
  • "Under the shadow of Tuskegee: African Americans and health care." American Journal of Public Health 87, no. 11 (1997): 1773-1778.[6]
  • "Making a Place for Ourselves: The Black Hospital Movement, 1920-1945". New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.[23]
  • The “boom and bust phenomenon”: the hopes, dreams, and broken promises of the contraceptive revolution[24]

Honors and awards

  • Head, Association of American Medical Colleges Division of Community and Minority Programs (1999)
  • Member, National Academy of Medicine (2005)
  • University Professor, George Washington University (2007)

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Changing the Face of Medicine | Dr. Vanessa Northington Gamble". www.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 2021-03-11. Retrieved 2016-03-02.
  2. ↑ "Syphilis Study Legacy Committee | Tuskegee University". www.tuskegee.edu. Archived from the original on 2019-05-31. Retrieved 2021-03-11.
  3. 1 2 "Final Report of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study Legacy Committee -- May 1996". Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Study. Archived from the original on July 5, 2017. Retrieved 2020-05-14.
  4. ↑ Final Report of the Syphilis Study Legacy Committee (PDF) (Report). May 20, 1996. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-03-11. Retrieved 2021-03-10.
  5. ↑ Yuko, Elizabeth (2021-03-09). "Why Are Black Communities Being Singled Out as Vaccine Hesitant?". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 2021-03-09. Retrieved 2021-03-11.
  6. 1 2 Gamble, V N (1997-11-01). "Under the shadow of Tuskegee: African Americans and health care". American Journal of Public Health. 87 (11): 1773–1778. doi:10.2105/AJPH.87.11.1773. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 1381160. PMID 9366634.
  7. ↑ "Vanessa Northington Gamble | Robert Wood Johnson Foundation - Investigator Awards in Health Policy Research". www.investigatorawards.org. Retrieved 2016-03-02.
  8. ↑ "Vanessa Northington Gamble | The Department of American Studies | The George Washington University | The George Washington University". americanstudies.columbian.gwu.edu. Archived from the original on 2014-06-11. Retrieved 2016-03-02.
  9. ↑ "ByGeorge!". www.gwu.edu. Archived from the original on 2021-03-11. Retrieved 2016-03-02.
  10. ↑ Botkin, Jeffrey R.; Appelbaum, Paul S.; Bakken, Suzanne; Brown, Chester; Burke, Wylie; Fabsitz, Richard; Gamble, Vanessa Northington; Gonsalves, Gregg; Kost, Rhonda (16 November 2018). "Standardizing return of participant results". Science. 362 (6416): 759–760. Bibcode:2018Sci...362..759B. doi:10.1126/science.aav8095. ISSN 1095-9203. PMID 30442797. S2CID 53563082.
  11. ↑ Gamble, Vanessa Northington (August 2016). ""Outstanding Services to Negro Health": Dr. Dorothy Boulding Ferebee, Dr. Virginia M. Alexander, and Black Women Physicians' Public Health Activism". American Journal of Public Health. 106 (8): 1397–1404. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303252. ISSN 1541-0048. PMC 4940657. PMID 27310348.
  12. ↑ Gamble, Vanessa Northington (January 2014). "The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks reconsidered". The Hastings Center Report. 44 (1): 1p following 48. doi:10.1002/hast.239. ISSN 0093-0334. PMID 24408602.
  13. ↑ Gamble, Vanessa Northington (July 2013). ""No struggle, no fight, no court battle": the 1948 desegregation of the University of Arkansas School of Medicine". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 68 (3): 377–415. doi:10.1093/jhmas/jrs025. ISSN 1468-4373. PMID 22416058. S2CID 46391459.
  14. ↑ Gamble, Vanessa Northington (2010). ""There Wasn't a Lot of Comforts in Those Days:" African Americans, Public Health, and the 1918 Influenza Epidemic". Public Health Reports. 125 (Suppl 3): 114–122. doi:10.1177/00333549101250S314. ISSN 0033-3549. PMC 2862340. PMID 20568573.
  15. ↑ Gamble, Vanessa Northington; Brown, Theodore M. (July 2009). "Midian Othello Bousfield: Advocate for the Medical and Public Health Concerns of Black Americans". American Journal of Public Health. 99 (7): 1186. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.163709. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 2696648. PMID 19443811.
  16. ↑ Gamble, Vanessa Northington (2009-02-01). "Standing on Shoulders". American Journal of Public Health. 99 (2): 200. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.156026. ISSN 0090-0036. PMC 2622789. PMID 19141598.
  17. ↑ Brawley, Otis W.; Cornelius, Llewellyn J.; Edwards, Linda R.; Gamble, Vanessa Northington; Green, Bettye L.; Inturrisi, Charles E.; James, Andra H.; Laraque, Danielle; Mendez, Magda H. (27–29 February 2008). "NIH consensus development statement on hydroxyurea treatment for sickle cell disease". NIH Consensus and State-of-the-science Statements. 25 (1): 1–30. ISSN 1553-0779. PMID 18309362.
  18. ↑ Brawley, Otis W. (2008-06-17). "National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement: Hydroxyurea Treatment for Sickle Cell Disease". Annals of Internal Medicine. 148 (12): 932–8. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-148-12-200806170-00220. ISSN 0003-4819. PMID 18458271.
  19. ↑ Shore, Nancy; Wong, Kristine A.; Seifer, Sarena D.; Grignon, Jessica; Gamble, Vanessa Northington (June 2008). "Introduction to Special Issue: Advancing the Ethics of Community-Based Participatory Research". Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics. 3 (2): 1–4. doi:10.1525/jer.2008.3.2.1. ISSN 1556-2646. PMID 19385741. S2CID 207117250.
  20. ↑ Wynia, Matthew K; Gamble, Vanessa Northington (May 2006). "Mistrust among Minorities and the Trustworthiness of Medicine". PLOS Medicine. 3 (5): e244. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030244. ISSN 1549-1277. PMC 1468474. PMID 16719549.
  21. ↑ Stone, Deborah; Gamble, Vanessa Northington (2006-02-01). "U.s. Policy on Health Inequities: The Interplay of Politics and Research". Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law. 31 (1): 93–126. doi:10.1215/03616878-31-1-93. ISSN 0361-6878. PMID 16484670.
  22. ↑ Gamble, Vanessa Northington (2000-01-01). "Subcutaneous Scars". Health Affairs. 19 (1): 164–169. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.19.1.164. ISSN 0278-2715. PMID 10645083.
  23. ↑ Gamble, Vanessa Northington (1995-06-15). Making a Place for Ourselves: The Black Hospital Movement, 1920–1945. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195078893.001.0001. ISBN 9780199853762. Archived from the original on 2021-03-11. Retrieved 2019-04-28.
  24. ↑ Boonstra, Heather; Duran, Vanessa; Northington Gamble, Vanessa; Blumenthal, Paul; Dominguez, Linda; Pies, Cheri (January 2000). "The "boom and bust phenomenon": The hopes, dreams, and broken promises of the contraceptive revolution". Contraception. 61 (1): 9–25. doi:10.1016/S0010-7824(99)00121-3. PMID 10745065. Archived from the original on 2019-04-18. Retrieved 2019-04-18.
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