Wafiq Ajeel Homood al-Samarrai
وفيق عجيل حمود السامرائيّ[1]
Samarrai (centre left) during the Iran Iraq War.
National Security Adviser
In office
2005–2008
PresidentJalal Talabani
Director of General Military Intelligence
In office
1990–1991
PresidentSaddam Hussein
Personal details
Born(1947-07-01)1 July 1947
Samarra, Iraq
Died29 August 2022(2022-08-29) (aged 75)
London, United Kingdom
Military service
Allegiance
Branch/serviceIraqi Army
Battles/warsIran–Iraq War

Wafiq Ajeel Homood al-Samarrai (Arabic: وفيق عجيل حمود السامرائي; 1 July 1947 – 29 August 2022)[2] was an Iraqi general who was chief of the country's general military intelligence.

Military career

Al-Samarrai served as the deputy of the Military Intelligence Director in 1988 during the Anfal Genocide,[3] in the Iraqi Intelligence during the Iran–Iraq War and was appointed head of Military Intelligence Agency in 1990.[4]

Defection

He defected in December 1994 and drove up to Kirkuk, then walked for 30 hours to cross the frontier into the Northern Kurdish enclave. At first he allied himself with Ahmad Chalabi, the leader of the Iraqi National Congress. They fomented a mini war in March 1995 between Kurdish groups and the Iraqi Army that went wrong when the insurgents failed to secure American military air support. Al-Samarrai moved to Syria and eventually made his way to London in 1998, where he headed an opposition group called the Higher Council for National Salvation which is based in Denmark.

Following his defection, Qusay Hussein told senior Iraqi officials, including Ra'ad al-Hamdani, that al-Samarrai had been an undercover agent for Jalal Talabani and Iran since 1982.[4] Former Maj. Gen. Mizher Rashid al-Tarfa al-Ubaydi of Iraqi Intelligence claimed that al-Samarrai fled because he believed he was about to be arrested.[5]

Book

  • The destruction of the eastern gate[6]

Post invasion of Iraq

In 2003, he returned to his hometown Samarra, Iraq and remained there until he was appointed the national security advisor to President Jalal Talabani in 2005 and moved to the Green Zone in Baghdad. He was relieved of his post in 2008 after the discovery of documents implicating him in the Iraqi forces' operations against rebels in the 1991 uprisings.[7]

On 6 March 2008, the Iraqi presidency website publicized a judicial decision to lift off all restrictions imposed on General Wafiq al-Samarrai, including a freeze on his assets, after Supreme Criminal Court Judge Adnan Al Badri reportedly announced that a probe found no evidence implicating al-Samarrai in 1991 Iraqi Army attacks on Kurds and Shia. However, Samarrai left for London and announced that he will not return to Iraq in the future.[7]

On 29 August 2022, he died in London, a year after he had been admitted to hospitals there, while suffering from cancer.[8]

References

  1. ↑ وفيق السامرائي. حطام البوابة الشرقية. p. 481.
  2. ↑ وفاة الفريق وفيق السامرائي (in Arabic)
  3. ↑ Hardi, Choman (2011). Gendered Experiences of Genocide: Anfal Survivors in Kurdistan-Iraq. Ahgate. pp. 20. ISBN 978-0754677154.
  4. 1 2 Woods, Kevin M. (2009). "Saddam's War: An Iraqi Military Perspective of the Iran-Iraq War". Mcnair Papers. Washington, D.C.: Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defence University: 72. ISBN 9780160827372. ISSN 1071-7552.
  5. ↑ Woods, Kevin M. (2011) [2010]. Saddam's Generals: Perspectives of the Iran-Iraq War. Alexandria, VA: Institute for Defense Analyses. p. 101. ISBN 9780160896132.
  6. ↑ شریعتی, شهروز; غقاری, مسعود (20 February 2019). "The Iran-Iraq War: Geopolitical Economy of the Conflict". فصلنامه بین المللی ژئوپلیتیک. 14 (52): 46–61.
  7. 1 2 "وفيق السامرائي" (in Arabic). Al Jazeera.
  8. ↑ "وفاة الفريق وفيق السامرائي". burathanews.com (in Arabic). 30 August 2022.
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