Though webcomics are typically published primarily on the World Wide Web, some webcartoonists may get publishing deals in which comic books are created of their work. Sometimes, these books are published by mainstream comics publishers who are traditionally aimed at the direct market of regional comic books.[1] Some webcartoonists may pursue print syndication in established newspapers or magazines. In other cases, webcomic creators decide to self-publish their work. Crowdfunding through Kickstarter is often used in order to fund such projects.
Publication of webcomics
Though mainstream comic book publishers have typically been wary of licensing webcomics and adapting them into a print format, the rise of webcomics in the 2000s coincided with an American boom in graphic novels. Anna Baddeley, writing for The Guardian, stated that the established fanbase many webcomics have could give publishers a chance to attract new audiences to the print format, making webcomics an attractive focus for publishers.[2] The traditional audience base for webcomics and print comics are vastly different, and webcomic readers do not necessarily go to bookstores. For some webcartoonists, a print release may be considered the "goal" of a webcomic series, while for others, comic books are "just another way to get the content out."[3]
Caitlin Rosberg, writing for Paste Magazine, noted that "digital-first" comics, as found on platforms such as ComiXology, Marvel Unlimited and DC Comics' Digital First, share more aspects with printed comics than with webcomics. With the exception of two-page spreads and the occasional large-panel layout, the formatting of such digital comics are indistinguishable from their print counterparts. "Digital-first" comics can almost seamlessly transition from screen to print, as they are designed with this leap in platform in mind. Rosberg claimed that such comics are not webcomics, as webcomics are designed for consumption only on the World Wide Web, often using infinite canvas techniques or uncommon page formats.[4] Similarly, Lauren Davis wrote for ComicsAlliance that "webcomics are not print comics that happen to appear on the web. They're a distinct animal, offer a distinct reading experience, and should be evaluated accordingly."[5]
Webcomics have been seen by some artists as a potential new path towards syndication in newspapers, but attempts have rarely proven lucrative. According to Jeph Jacques (Questionable Content), "there's no real money" in syndication for webcomic artists.[6] For instance Jeffrey Rowland uploaded his webcomics to the internet in order to gain constructive criticism after being rejected from various syndicates in 1999, but eventually found that he didn't need to get his work syndicated when he started selling merchandise of his webcomic Wigu. To The Boston Globe, Rowland said that "if a syndicate came to me and offered me a hundred newspapers, I would probably say no ... I'd probably make less money, with more work." When Diesel Sweeties found syndication by United Media in 2007, its creator Richard Stevens still made 80% of his income through his website. Other webcomic creators, such as R. K. Milholland (Something Positive) and Michael Terracciano (Dominic Deegan), wouldn't be able to syndicate their work in newspaper because they fill up a specific niche and wouldn't be accepted by a broader audience.[6] Some webcartoonists have proven more successful with newspaper syndication since: in 2015, Dana Simpson syndicated her webcomic Phoebe and Her Unicorn through Universal Uclick to over 100 newspapers.[7]
Many authors opt to self-publish their webcomic in print. In order to do so, many comic artists may use the crowdfunding service Kickstarter, which successfully funded 994 comic and graphic novel projects in 2015.[8]
Published webcomics
In 1996, David Allen launched Plan Nine Publishing, a small press American publisher focused on printing webcomics. The first webcomic Plan Nine published was Bill Holbrook's Kevin and Kell.[9] Plan Nine published over 70 titles, printing late 1990s and early 2000s webcomics such as Sluggy Freelance, Ozy and Millie, Greystone Inn, and College Roomies from Hell!!!.[10] Since 1997, various webcomic creators worldwide have made book deals with larger publishing companies, resulting in their webcomics being adapted into comic books and distributed to retailers.
Webcomics syndicated in newspapers and magazines
Some webcomics have been regularly published in periodicals such as newspapers and magazines.
Collected works
From 2004 to 2011, graphic novel author and illustrator Kazu Kibuishi edited the comics anthology series Flight. Published by Image Comics and Ballantine Books, Flight featured short comics by various artists who had varying audiences online.[1] The third book in Ted Rall's Attitude series, subtitled "The New Subversive Online Cartoonists" (2006), features interviews with and strips of 21 different webcartoonists.[143]
Notes
- ↑ Books 1 and 2 from Viz republish the TopatoCo run, therefore only the Viz total is counted here.
- ↑ Book 1 was first printed through Studio Ironcat and later reprinted through Dark Horse; the total count counts these as one issue.
- ↑ PvP was printed as a series of short comic book issues, which were then collected into larger books. This resulted in a higher issue count than other long-running webcomics.
References
- 1 2 Wolk, Douglas (2004-11-01). "Web Comics Send Readers Looking for Books". Publishers Weekly.
- ↑ Baddeley, Anna (2014-01-05). "Web comics draw the attention of traditional print publishers". The Guardian.
- ↑ McDonald, Heidi (2005-12-19). "Web Comics: Page Clickers to Page Turners". Publishers Weekly.
- ↑ Rosberg, Caitlin (2016-05-25). "Why The Eisners Need to Show Webcomics Some Love". Paste Magazine.
- ↑ Davis, Lauren (2012-04-17). "It's Time for the Eisner Awards to Expand Their Digital Categories". ComicsAlliance.
- 1 2 3 Chen, Jialu (2011-09-02). "See you in the funny pages". The Boston Globe.
- 1 2 Staff report (2015-03-13). "New comic - 'Phoebe and Her Unicorn' - debuts today". News & Record.
- ↑ Lea, Richard (2016-09-14). "How Kickstarter became one of the biggest powers in publishing". The Guardian.
- ↑ Miller, Jeff (2000-04-17). "Man with a plan". The Business Journal. Advance Publications.
- ↑ Sebastian, Trisha L. (2004-04-11). "Trisha L. Sebastian Interviews Plan 9 Publishing's David Allen". Comixtalk.
- ↑ Baxter, Glen (2017-04-02). "Interview met Coco Ouwerkerk". Barbarus.
- ↑ Weber, Theon (2008-10-09). "Achewood: The Great Outdoor Fight". The Portland Mercury.
- ↑ Sims, Chris (2010-10-08). "'The Adventures of Dr. McNinja' Comes to Dark Horse". ComicsAlliance.
- ↑ North, Ari (2021-01-29). Always Human Book by Ari North Official Publisher Page. ISBN 9781499811094.
- ↑ Brown, Hillary; Edgar, Sean; Martin, Garrett (2012-12-01). "The 10 Best Comic-Book Collections and Reissues of 2012". Paste Magazine.
- ↑ Mozzocco, J. Caleb (5 February 2014). "Ant-Man: Cartoonist Michael DeForge On His Graphic Novel 'Ant Colony' - Interview". ComicsAlliance. Archived from the original on 26 February 2014.
- ↑ "Comics Book Review: As the Crow Flies by Melanie Gillman". Publishers Weekly. 2017-12-04.
- ↑ Sparrow, A.E. (2007-01-18). "Top 10 Manga of 2006". IGN.
- ↑ Santos, Carlo (2006-11-28). "Right Turn Only!!". Anime News Network.
- ↑ Adams, Tim (Sep 1, 2020). "Ava's Demon: Michelle Czajkowski Fus' Webcomic Lands at Skybound". Comic Book Resources.
- ↑ Goellner, Caleb (2010-07-15). "'Axe Cop' Coming to Print at Dark Horse Comics". ComicsAlliance.
- ↑ Johnston, Rich (2016-09-01). "Oni Press To Publish John Allison's Bad Machinery In A Smaller Format Next Year". Bleeding Cool.
- ↑ "Dark Horse Comics Collects Battlepug!". Dark Horse Comics. 2012-02-01.
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- 1 2 "Robinson, une nouvelle collection de bandes dessinées en partenariat avec Hiveworks". hachette.fr (in French). Hachette Livre. 25 May 2018.
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- ↑ Morris, Steve (2015). "Boulet's Collected 'Notes' to Receive English-Language Print Editions From Soaring Penguin Press". ComicsAlliance.
- ↑ "Bucko HC". Dark Horse Digital Comics. Dark Horse Comics. 2014. Archived from the original on May 16, 2013. Retrieved November 9, 2014.
- ↑ Valdivia, Thais (2013-07-07). "Manga: Las mejores series de baloncesto". Hobby Consolas.
- ↑ Serrao, Nivea (2017-06-30). "Ngozi Ukazu's 'Check, Please!' To Be Published In Two Volumes". Entertainment Weekly.
- ↑ Bakken, Joshua (2019-04-02). "Breaking out! Lessons learned on the frontlines of emergent IP". Gamasutra.
- 1 2 "Comical Psychosomatic Medicine Anime's 3rd Promo Parodies Yo-kai Watch". Anime News Network. 2015-01-12.
- ↑ McElhatton, Greg (2010-02-15). "Copper". Read About Comics.
- ↑ Puc, Samantha (April 29, 2019). "A Year of Free Comics: Hannah Templer's COSMOKNIGHTS Is All About Rebellious Space Lesbians". Comics Beat. Archived from the original on July 18, 2020. Retrieved November 11, 2020.
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- ↑ "【8月10日付】本日発売の単行本リスト". Natalie (in Japanese). Natasha, Inc. 2021-08-10. Archived from the original on 2021-08-30. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
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- ↑ Davis, Lauren (2016-10-06). "First Second Is Publishing the Hilarious and Stunning Webcomic Epic Cucumber Quest". io9. Gizmodo. Archived from the original on 2016-10-07.
- ↑ "Macmillan: Series: Cucumber Quest". Macmillan Publishers.
- ↑ "Cyanide & Happiness Creators Talk About Their New Book And Play Marry, F#@k, Kill". ComicsAlliance. 2010-10-05.
- ↑ Wheeler, Andrew (2015-06-06). "Exclusive: No More Tears! Boom Announces New 'Cyanide & Happiness' Collection, 'Stab Factory'". ComicsAlliance.
- ↑ Nisen, Jeremy (2017-11-14). "Demon Volume 4 (First Second) Review". Under the Radar.
- ↑ Dueben, Alex (2013-09-04). "Stevens Brings "Diesel Sweeties" to Oni Press". Comic Book Resources.
- ↑ Davis, Lauren (2012-05-01). "A No-Nonsense Wombat Leads a Peculiar Cast in the Fantasy Webcomic 'Digger'". ComicsAlliance.
- ↑ Hudson, Laura (2010-11-23). "First Look At The New 'Dinosaur Comics' Book By Ryan North". ComicsAlliance.
- ↑ 歯医者さん、あタってます! 1 (in Japanese). Shueisha. Archived from the original on July 14, 2021. Retrieved July 14, 2021.
- ↑ 歯医者さん、あタってます! 4 (in Japanese). Shueisha. Archived from the original on November 3, 2021. Retrieved September 16, 2021.
- ↑ "Fangs - Andrews McMeel Publishing". Andrews McMeel Publishing. Retrieved 2 November 2020.
- ↑ Smith, Zack (2014-05-08). "ADVENTURE TIME Artist Jesse Moynihan Talks FORMING II and Getting MANLY". Newsarama.
- ↑ McMillan, Graeme (2013-10-28). "Spurrier Redefines Fantasy With New Webcomic 'Disenchanted'". The Hollywood Reporter.
- ↑ Dueben, Alex (2009-01-13). "David Rees Talks "Get Your War On"". Comic Book Resources.
- ↑ Cox, Caroline (2015-03-13). "The Mary Sue Exclusive: Archaia Announces Hardcover Gunnerkrigg Court Volume 5". The Mary Sue.
- ↑ "'Hark! a Vagrant' cartoonist Kate Beaton releases new comic book". CBC. 2015-09-07.
- ↑ "Henchgirl TPB :: Profile :: Dark Horse Comics". www.darkhorse.com. Retrieved 2021-04-01.
- ↑ "Hetalia Axis Powers Web Manga to Run in Comic Birz Mag (Updated)". Anime News Network. 2009-01-26.
- 1 2 Hudson, Laura (2012-04-17). "Topatoco's Spring Books: 'Three Word Phrase,' 'Dinosaur Comics,' 'Homestuck,' and More". ComicsAlliance.
- ↑ "VIZ Media Announces Acquisition and Publishing Plans For Homestuck Collector's Edition Series". Anime News Network. 2017-10-10.
- ↑ "Hooky - HMH Books". 2021-01-29.
- ↑ "Kakeru Utsugi's How to keep a mummy Manga Gets TV Anime". Anime News Network. 2017-06-30.
- ↑ "【9月11日付】本日発売の単行本リスト". Natalie (in Japanese). Natasha, Inc. September 11, 2020. Archived from the original on September 17, 2020. Retrieved October 11, 2020.
- ↑ "【10月25日付】本日発売の単行本リスト". Natalie (in Japanese). Natasha, Inc. October 25, 2021. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved November 6, 2021.
- ↑ Sunu, Steve (2013-10-29). "Gedris taking 'Lesbian Pirates' offline, offers advice to creators". Comic Book Resources.
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- ↑ "【5月21日付】本日発売の単行本リスト". Natalie (in Japanese). Natasha, Inc. 2021-05-21. Archived from the original on 2021-08-03. Retrieved 2021-12-19.
- ↑ "【12月17日付】本日発売の単行本リスト". Natalie (in Japanese). Natasha, Inc. 2020-12-17. Archived from the original on 2020-12-30. Retrieved 2021-05-20.
- ↑ "【12月16日付】本日発売の単行本リスト". Natalie (in Japanese). Natasha, Inc. 2021-12-16. Archived from the original on 2021-12-16. Retrieved 2021-12-16.
- ↑ Cohen, Peter (2003-12-08). "O'Reilly releases 'The Best of the Joy of Tech'". Macworld.
- ↑ "Reach Heaven By Violence: Kill Six Billion Demons [Interview]". Image Comics. October 19, 2016.
- 1 2 "12 Canadian comics to read this summer". CBC. May 6, 2019.
- ↑ Beausté, Elisabeth (2012-11-20). "Pénélope Bagieu revient avec une nouvelle BD et une adaptation au cinéma". Grazia.
- ↑ "「まりんこゆみ」既刊一覧 講談社コミックプラス". 講談社コミックプラス (in Japanese). Retrieved 2017-12-15.
- ↑ "Go!Comi To Publish Masque of the Red Death". Anime News Network. 2007-03-02.
- ↑ Contino, Jennifer M. (2006-02-26). "Fred Gallagher & Megatokyo at DC/CMX". Comicon.com. Archived from the original on 2006-06-30.
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- ↑ Desmarais, Charles (2017-10-20). "3 artists among many who lost home, studio in Wine Country fires". San Francisco Chronicle.
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- ↑ "Seven Seas Adds Tales of Zestiria, My Lesbian Experience with Loneliness Manga". Anime News Network. 2016-10-29.
- ↑ MacDonald, Heidi (2012-11-07). "HarperCollins picks up webcomic Nimona". Comics Beat.
- ↑ Caroll, Tobias (2016-02-10). "Revisiting the Quarter-Life Crisis Epiphany of Octopus Pie with Meredith Gran". Paste Magazine.
- ↑ Howard, Tini (December 2, 2015). "10 Sexy Comics You Won't Hide Under Your Bed". Paste.
- ↑ "Ojisan and Marshmallow Workplace Comedy Manga Gets Anime". Anime News Network. 2015-06-23.
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- 1 2 3 Rall, Ted (June 2006). Attitude 3: The New Subversive Online Cartoonists. Nantier Beall Minoustchine Publishing. ISBN 1-56163-465-4.
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