West End
Urban area
All the neighborhoods in West End
All the neighborhoods in West End
Country Canada
Province Manitoba
CityWinnipeg
Neighbourhoods
Population
 (2011)
 • Total46,140

The West End is a mostly residential area of Downtown Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It includes the neighbourhoods of Armstrong's Point, Colony, Daniel McIntyre, Minto, Sargent Park, Spence, St. Matthews, West Broadway, and Wolseley.

The area is bordered by Route 62 (Osborne, Memorial, Colony, and Balmoral Streets) on the east, St. James Street on the west, the Assiniboine River on the south, and Notre Dame Avenue on the north.

Demographics

A winter view of Sherburn Street, one of the many tree-lined streets in the West End.

In 2011, the population of the West End was 46,140.[1]

The area is ethnically diverse. Data from the 2011 census shows the West End as 51% Caucasian, 21% Filipino, 15% Aboriginal, 4% Black, and 9% other visible minorities.[1] Historically, the area was home to large German, Scandinavian, and Icelandic communities.

Contrast between neighbourhoods in the West End is extreme. Armstrong's Point is one of Winnipeg's most affluent neighbourhoods with a median household income of $89,887; West Broadway is located directly north of Armstrong's Point, and has a median household income of $25,877.[1]

Politics

Municipally, the West End is within both the Daniel McIntyre and Fort Rouge - East Fort Garry city council wards, which are represented by Cindy Gilroy and Sherri Rollins respectively.[2]

Provincially, the electoral map of Manitoba was redrawn in 2019.[3] The West End is now divided into the following four electoral districts, all represented by Manitoba NDP members: Wolseley (Lisa Naylor), St. James (Adrien Sala), Notre Dame (Malaya Marcelino), and Union Station (Uzoma Asagwara).[4]

Federally, the West End is within the Winnipeg Centre electoral district and is represented by Leah Gazan (NDP).[5]

History

A view of the West End from the airport

The development of the West End as a residential expansion came during one of Winnipeg's largest periods of growth between 1890–1895 and 1900–1912.[6] The area was originally a part of the Parish of St. James until the boundary of the City of Winnipeg was extended to St. James Street from Maryland Street (formerly Boundary Road) in 1882. Development of the area as a working and middle class residential area began in the late 19th century and continued through the 1920s until the area was completely built up. The area developed rapidly due to its proximity to Downtown Winnipeg, and, unlike Winnipeg's North End, the mainline of the Canadian Pacific Railway did not impose a physical barrier between the West End and Downtown. The area was also well served by the city's street railway system with lines on Portage Avenue, Sargent Avenue, Sherbrook Street, and Arlington Street. The industrial area located adjacent to the railway spur between Wall and Erin Streets provided employment for many West End residents.

The West End was considered Ward Two in the old City of Winnipeg and was seen as the "swing riding" between the affluent and conservative Ward One and overwhelmingly socialist Ward Three, which comprised the North End and Elmwood.

Parts of the area declined in the years following World War II as many families moved to Winnipeg's suburbs and some of the housing stock was converted to rooming houses and became dilapidated. During the 1970s, crime became a serious problem in portions of the West End.

Since the 1980s, a notable revitalization of the neighbourhoods has been made. Numerous urban beautification projects have been undertaken and in 1987, the West End Cultural Centre was founded in an old church at Ellice Avenue and Sherbrook Street.

Much of the West End has experienced a sharp 'renaissance' in recent years. Average home price in the West End shot up 31% faster than Winnipeg's average between the years of 2000 to 2011. During this time frame, the average value of a West End home increased 12.4% year-over-year.[7] In contrast, the average home value in the City of Winnipeg as a whole increased 9.5% year-over-year in that same time-frame.[8]

Neighbourhoods

The West End includes the following neighbourhoods:

Colony

Colony takes its name from one of its main roads, Colony Street, which in turn was named for Colony Creek. In the early days of Winnipeg, Colony Creek drained a section of the prairie from near what is now Notre Dame Avenue to the river.[9]

Daniel McIntyre

The neighbourhood was named after Daniel McIntyre, a public official and educator credited with developing Winnipeg's school system. It is bounded to the north by Notre Dame Avenue, east by Victor Street, south by Ellice Avenue, and west by Ingersoll Street.[10]

Minto

The Minto neighbourhood was named for Governor-General of Canada Gilbert John Elliott Murray, Fourth Earl of Minto (1845-1914).[11][9]

Spence

The Spence neighbourhood derives its name from James Spence (1815-1900), a former cooper for the Hudson's Bay Company. Arriving at the Red River Colony in 1841, Spence bought land near the site of Fort Garry and was subsequently incorporated into the limits of the City of Winnipeg. The property included the section of the city north from Armstrong’s Point and west of Colony Street.[9]

The Spence neighbourhood has the following boundaries:[12]

  • To the north is Notre Dame Avenue, from Victor to Balmoral Street.
  • To the west, the boundary runs along Victor Street from Notre Dame to Portage Avenue.
  • To the east, the boundary runs along Balmoral from Notre Dame to Ellice Avenue. On to Ellice, it continues west until Young Street, from where it goes south until Portage.
  • To the south is Portage Avenue, from Victor and Young Street.

West Broadway

As its name suggests, West Broadway encompasses the western portion of Winnipeg's Broadway area, as well as the western edge of downtown Winnipeg over all.[13][14]

As with Broadway in general, West Broadway is one of Winnipeg’s oldest neighbourhoods, with its original homes being built around 1890 to 1913.[15][13][14] West Broadway was originally a largely middle-class neighbourhood, located to the north of a small, wealthy enclave of Armstrong’s Point. During the post-war years, however, the once mixed-income community was met with poverty, crime, and a deteriorating housing stock from the 1960s onward.[13]

Amenities

The area includes a Commemorative Plaza and Commemorative Mural on Valour Road, which honours World War I heroes Corporal Leo Clarke, Sergeant-Major Frederick William Hall, and Lieutenant Robert Shankland, who all grew up on the same city block of Valour Road (then known as Pine Street) and each received a Victoria Cross for bravery.[16]

The Cindy Klassen Recreation Complex, named after local 6-time Olympic medalist Cindy Klassen, is a community fitness centre. It includes a swimming pool, water slide, sauna, weight room, fitness equipment, aerobic studio, indoor running track, outdoor skatepark, lawn bowling, sports fields, and a library, as well as a speed-skating oval in the winter.[16]

The West End also includes more than 1000 businesses and organizations in the area, including over 150 restaurants.[17][18] Ellice Avenue, Sherbrook Street, and Sargent Avenue East of Arlington have a large variety of ethnic restaurants and markets, being home to many Philippine, Vietnamese, Portuguese, Chinese, East Indian, Somali, Ethiopian, and Thai restaurants. Polo Park, the city's largest mall, is also considered part of the West End.[18] The commercial area in the Polo Park district has expanded rapidly beginning in the 1990s with the building of big-box retail outlets, restaurants, and a major hotel. It has now supplanted downtown Winnipeg as the city's main commercial area.

Other attractions in the area include, the University of Winnipeg, Vimy Ridge Memorial Park, Omand's Creek and Park, Westview Park, and the Sargent Park Recreation Complex, as well as many houses, apartment buildings, schools, and an armoury with significant architectural merit. Portage Avenue is the site in the summer months of the "Sunday Night Cruise" by automobile enthusiasts, which while delighting the participants, raises the ire of many West End residents due to the noise, and the all too frequent practice of drag racing.

West End Cultural Centre

West End Cultural Centre
General information
Address586 Ellice Avenue, Winnipeg, MB
Coordinates49°53′34″N 97°09′30″W / 49.8927821°N 97.1584511°W / 49.8927821; -97.1584511
Opened
  • January 10, 1909 (building)
  • 1987 (WECC)
Renovated2008
Cost$15,000 CAD (1909)
Renovation cost$4 million
Design and construction
Architect(s)Herbert E. Matthews
Main contractorB. Pattinson and Thomas Eilbeck
Renovating team
Architect(s)Prairie Architects
References
[19]

The West End Cultural Centre (WECC), established in 1987,[20] is the area's main hub for live music. It is located on Ellice Avenue in an 80-year-old church building, and is one of the "greenest live performance venues in Canada."[16] It receives support from the federal Department of Canadian Heritage, the Government of Manitoba, Manitoba Arts Council, Winnipeg Arts Council, Assiniboine Credit Union, and the University of Manitoba's radio station, 101.5 UMFM.[20]

Prior to the WECC, the building was occupied by:[19]

  • St. Matthews Church (1909-1912)
  • Elim Chapel (1914-1928)
  • St. Peter's Evangelical Lutheran Church (1931-1969)
  • the Portuguese Association of Manitoba (1973-1987)

The Portuguese Association sold the building for CA$131,000 to Winnipeg Folk Festival founder Mitch Podoluck and Ava Kobrinsky, who had the vision of opening a community performing arts space, modeled on the Vancouver East Cultural Centre. Podoluck and Kobrinsky's project is what would become the West End Cultural Centre.[19]

Murals

With over 50 murals, the West End has one of the largest collections of outdoor murals in the city.[21]

Select murals[22]
Mural name Commemorating Location Year Artist
Ethiopia Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia 616 Ellice 2003 Tom Andrich (Eclectic Fine Art)
A Film by Guy Maddin[23] Guy Maddin 1400 Notre Dame 2006-2020 Charlie Johnston (C5 Artworks)
Power Play Ice hockey, including Jonathan Toews, Bobby Hull, the Winnipeg Falcons, Winnipeg Jets, and Manitoba Moose 619 Portage 2011 Michel Saint Hilaire, Mandy van Leeuwen
Lionel LeMoine Fitzgerald Lionel LeMoine Fitzgerald 677 Portage
In the Zone[24] 2017 Canada Summer Games 966 Portage 2017 Charlie Johnston
A Man Called Intrepid William Stephenson 626 Sargent 2014 Dave Carty
Valour Road Commemorative Mural Cpl. Leo Clarke, Sgm. Frederick William Hall, and Lt. Robert Shankland Valour Road / 1240 Ellice 2008 Charlie Johnston
Philippines Dr. Jose Rizal 843 Valour Road 2004 Mandy van Leeuwen

Crime

The table below shows the crime rates of various crimes in each of the West End neighborhoods. The crime data spans 5 years from the year 2017 to the year 2021. The rates are crimes per 100,000 residents per year.

Crime Rates per 100,000 people in West End Neighborhoods, 2017-2021[25]
Neighborhood Pop.[26] Homicide Rate [lower-alpha 1] Robbery Rate Agr. Aslt. [lower-alpha 2] Rate Cmn. Aslt. [lower-alpha 3] Rate Utt. Threat [lower-alpha 4] Rate Property Rate
Armstrong Point 370 1 54.1 3 162.2 0 0.0 8 432.4 1 54.1 138 7,459.5
Colony 645 1 31.0 62 1,922.5 63 1,953.5 143 4,434.1 23 713.2 1,072 33,240.3
Daniel McIntyre 10,075 14 27.8 584 1,159.3 637 1,264.5 790 1,568.2 125 248.1 4,436 8,806.0
Minto 5,720 0 0.0 70 244.8 52 181.8 112 391.6 37 129.4 2,469 8,632.9
Sargent Park 6,180 1 3.2 48 155.3 52 168.3 121 391.6 35 113.3 2,447 7,919.1
Spence 4,415 12 54.4 333 1,508.5 562 2,545.9 686 3,107.6 106 480.2 3,394 15,374.9
St. Matthews 5,770 6 20.8 272 942.8 276 956.7 424 1,469.7 112 388.2 4,026 13,954.9
West Broadway 5,010 4 16.0 214 854.3 282 1,125.7 492 1,964.1 100 399.2 3,807 15,197.6
Wolseley 7,805 8 20.5 78 199.9 73 187.1 188 481.7 52 133.2 2,983 7,643.8
West End 45,990 47 20.5 1,664 723.6 1997 868.4 2964 1,289.0 591 257.0 24,772 10,772.8
  1. ↑ Rate per 100,000 people per year: Figure is calculated by dividing the total incidences of a crime by the neighborhood population, then multiplying by 100,000, and then dividing by 5, as the data spans 5 years
  2. ↑ Aggravated assault: Includes assaults which cause bodily harm or utilize weapons; includes the following categories given on Winnipeg CrimeMaps: aggravated assault, aggravated sexual assault, assault against peace officer, assault with weapon or causing bodily harm, attempted murder, firearms offences, sexual assault with a weapon.
  3. ↑ Common assault: Excludes assaults which cause bodily harm or utilize weapons; includes the following categories given on Winnipeg CrimeMaps: assault against peace officer, common assault, other assaults, sexual assault.
  4. ↑ Abbreviated from: uttering threats

References

  1. 1 2 3 "2011 Census - City of Winnipeg". City of Winnipeg. 2019-07-10. Retrieved 2019-07-10.
  2. ↑ "Electoral Wards - City of Winnipeg". City of Winnipeg. Retrieved 2022-05-09.
  3. ↑ New Manitoba election boundaries give upper hand to Progressive Conservatives, CBC News analysis finds, retrieved 2020-07-12
  4. ↑ Results Summary: 42nd General Election (PDF), retrieved 2020-07-12
  5. ↑ NDP candidate Leah Gazan takes Winnipeg Centre seat from incumbent Robert-Falcon Ouellette, 21 October 2019, retrieved 2020-07-12
  6. ↑ Artibise, Alan F.J. (May 1, 1975). Winnipeg: A Social History of Urban Growth, 1874-1914. McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. ISBN 0-7735-0202-5. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
  7. ↑ Preprost, Matt (2011-06-29). "The Cost of Revitalizing the West End". The Uniter. Retrieved 2014-08-19.
  8. ↑ "Housing Bubbles In Canada by City". Toronto Condo Bubble. 2013-11-03. Retrieved 2014-08-19.
  9. 1 2 3 "MHS Resources: History in Winnipeg Streets". www.mhs.mb.ca. Retrieved 2022-08-15.
  10. ↑ Municipal Relations. "Daniel McIntyre/St. Matthews Neighbourhoods". Province of Manitoba. Retrieved 2022-08-14.
  11. ↑ "Manitoba Communities: Minto (Unincorporated Rural Municipality)". www.mhs.mb.ca. Retrieved 2022-08-15.
  12. ↑ Municipal Relations. "Spence Neighbourhood". Province of Manitoba. Retrieved 2022-08-14.
  13. 1 2 3 https://winnspace.uwinnipeg.ca/bitstream/handle/10680/1880/IUS_West%20Broadway.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  14. 1 2 "Cheers to West Broadway's Community Heritage!". heritagewinnipeg.blogspot.com. Retrieved 2022-08-15.
  15. ↑ "Neighbourhoods | Tourism Winnipeg". www.tourismwinnipeg.com. Retrieved 2022-08-14.
  16. 1 2 3 Lizard, Visual. "Neighbourhoods | Tourism Winnipeg". www.tourismwinnipeg.com. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  17. ↑ "West End BIZ". Winnipeg West End BIZ. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  18. 1 2 "West End / Wolseley | Quality of Life". www.liveinwinnipeg.com. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  19. 1 2 3 "History".
  20. 1 2 "About the WECC".
  21. ↑ "Murals". Winnipeg West End BIZ. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
  22. ↑ "West End BIZ Murals".
  23. ↑ "The Murals of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada: "Rest in Peace"".
  24. ↑ "The Murals of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada: 966 Portage Avenue".
  25. ↑ "January CrimeMaps - 2022 by Winnipeg Police Service". Retrieved May 7, 2022.
  26. ↑ "2016 Census: City of Winnipeg Neighbourhood Profiles". Winnipeg.ca. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
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