Wiesel 1
A Wiesel 1
Type	Tankette
Place of origin	West Germany Germany
Production history
Manufacturer	Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
Produced	1979–1993
No. built	343
Specifications (Wiesel 1)
Mass	2.75 t to 4.78 t
Length	3.55 metres (11 ft 8 in)
Width	1.82 metres (6 ft 0 in)
Height	1.82 metres (6 ft 0 in)
Crew	Driver, gunner/commander or driver, gunner and commander depending on variant.
Armor	Protection against small arms only
Main armament	Varies
Secondary armament	Varies
Engine	Audi 2.1 L 5-cylinder in-line turbo-diesel 64 kilowatts (86 hp)
Suspension	torsion bar
Operational range	200 kilometres (120 mi)
Maximum speed	70 kilometres per hour (43 mph)

The Wiesel Armoured Weapons Carrier (AWC) is a German light air-transportable armoured fighting vehicle, more specifically a lightly armoured weapons carrier, produced by Rheinmetall. It is quite similar to historical scouting tankettes in size, form and function, and is the only true modern tankette in use in Western Europe.^[1]

The Wiesel has been used in several of the Bundeswehr's missions abroad (UNOSOM II, IFOR, SFOR, KFOR, TFH, ISAF).

History

The Wiesel was developed for the German Army to meet a requirement for an air-transportable light armored vehicle for use by its airborne troops, as the infantry of the German Bundeswehr, especially airborne infantry, were considered unprepared to successfully fight enemy main battle tanks (MBT) in the 1970s. The requirements were that the vehicle should fit in common NATO transport planes and could eventually be air-dropped. It should be able to fight infantry as well as enemy tanks or aircraft. Porsche produced some prototypes of the future fighting vehicle for the Bundeswehr in 1975, but the Bundeswehr stopped the project in 1978 due to lack of funds. Nevertheless, Porsche continued development, because of interest from other countries.

The Bundeswehr eventually ordered 343 of the vehicles in 1985.^[1] The Wiesel was introduced as a new weapon system for the Bundeswehr with deliveries beginning in the late 1980s. The vehicle was named Wiesel ("weasel") because of its small size and agility, which make it very difficult to detect on the battlefield. Production of the Wiesel 1 ended in 1993.^[2] Of 343 Wiesel 1 vehicles, 210 were armed with Raytheon TOW wire-guided anti-tank guided missile system and 133 have the one-man KUKA turret E6-II-A1 armed with the dual-feed Rheinmetall Mk 20 RH-202 20 mm autocannon. Germany deployed both types to Somalia in 1993 as part of the United Nations forces intervention in the Somali Civil War (UNISOM II).

The Wiesel 2 is an enlarged and extended version of the Wiesel 1 with five road wheels instead of four, and a more powerful engine. The Bundeswehr ordered 178 of the new vehicle in various types, including air defense, radar, and anti-aircraft missile launcher, 120 mm mortar carrier, command and fire control, and ambulance variants.^[1] The Wiesel 2 entered service in 2001.^[3]

Configuration

Wiesel 1 MK20 (1991) Bundeswehr Military History Museum, Dresden. The vehicle next to it is the Panzerhaubitze 2000.

Depending on the exact configuration, the Wiesel 1's length is about 3.55 metres (11.6 ft), height 1.82 metres (6.0 ft), and width 1.82 metres (6.0 ft). At only 2.75 metric tons (3.03 short tons), it weighs less than the armored variant of the U.S. Humvee military light truck. The engine is a 64 kW (86 hp) Audi 2.1-litre diesel engine giving a top speed of 70 km/h (45 mph). The Wiesel can ford 0.5 metres (1.6 ft) deep water and cross a 1.2 metres (3.9 ft) wide trench. It was manufactured by Rheinmetall AG.

The chassis is made of steel armour and can resist common 5.56 mm and 7.62 mm small arms ammunition and shell splinters. Air dropping the vehicle from a plane with parachutes was tested, but was not successful; four test-vehicles were destroyed. Nevertheless, the Wiesel can easily be flown in by transport helicopters, a single CH-53 Sea Stallion helicopter can fly in two at once, and common transport planes can carry four or more Wiesel vehicles.

The larger Wiesel 2 has almost twice as much internal volume as its predecessor, and is about 4.78 metres (15.7 ft) long, 2.17 metres (7.1 ft) high (depending on type), and 1.87 metres (6.1 ft) wide.^[1] Its weight is approximately 4.78 metric tons (5.27 short tons) in its heaviest configuration.

Wiesel 1

Wiesel 2

Wiesel 2
Wiesel Ozelot Light Air Defence System (leichtes Flugabwehrsystem – LeFlaSys) Weapon Carrier
Type	Tankette
Place of origin	Germany
Production history
Manufacturer	Rheinmetall Landsysteme GmbH
No. built	178
Specifications
Mass	2.75 t to 4.78 t
Length	4.78 metres (15 ft 8 in)
Width	1.87 metres (6 ft 2 in)
Height	2.17 metres (7 ft 1 in)
Crew	2 or 3
Armor	Protection against small arms only
Main armament	Varies
Secondary armament	Varies
Engine	Volkswagen 1.9 L Straight-4 turbo-diesel 81 kilowatts (109 hp)
Suspension	torsion bar
Operational range	200 kilometres (120 mi)
Maximum speed	70 kilometres per hour (43 mph)

The Wiesel 2 is a stretched version of the Wiesel 1, with a fifth roadwheel. The engine was changed to a 1.9L Volkswagen in-line four-cylinder turbo diesel with direct injection and intercooler, giving 109 hp (81 kW) coupled to a ZF automatic transmission. The Wiesel 2 is generally bigger, faster and stronger than the Wiesel 1, with advanced features for the protection of the crew such as enhanced armour, an air conditioning system, and NBC protection.

Gallery

• 
  Wiesel 1 prototype
• 
  Wiesel 1 TOW
• 
  Wiesel 2 Argus scout vehicle
• 
  Wiesel 2 ambulance
• 
  Wiesel 2 command post variant
• 
  Wiesel 2 lightweight armoured mortar of the advanced mortar system
• 
  Wiesel 2 Light Air Defence System Reconnaissance and Fire Control Vehicle (RFCV)
• 
  Ozelot air defence weapon carrier with camouflage in firing position
• 
  The silhouette of the Wiesel 1 (red) overlaid on that of the Wiesel 2 (blue)

Operators

Map with Wiesel operators in blue

Notes

References

• Trewhitt, Philip (1999). Armored Fighting Vehicles. New York: Amber Books. p. 102. ISBN 0-7607-1260-3.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wiesel AWC.

• Rheinmetall Defence Wiesel 1 Product Page
• Rheinmetall Defence Wiesel 2 Product Page