Thad Cochran
United States Senator
from Mississippi
In office
December 27, 1978 – April 1, 2018
Preceded byJames Eastland
Succeeded byCindy Hyde-Smith
Chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee
In office
January 3, 2015 – April 1, 2018
Preceded byBarbara Mikulski
Succeeded byRichard Shelby
In office
January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007
Preceded byTed Stevens
Succeeded byRobert Byrd
Chair of the Senate Agriculture Committee
In office
January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005
Preceded byTom Harkin
Succeeded bySaxby Chambliss
Chair of the Senate Republican Conference
In office
January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1997
LeaderBob Dole
Trent Lott
Preceded byJohn Chafee
Succeeded byConnie Mack III
Vice Chair of the Senate Republican Conference
In office
January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1991
LeaderBob Dole
Preceded byJake Garn
Succeeded byBob Kasten
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Mississippi's 4th district
In office
January 3, 1973 – December 26, 1978
Preceded byCharles H. Griffin (Redistricting)
Succeeded byJon Hinson
Personal details
Born
William Thad Cochran

(1937-12-07)December 7, 1937
Pontotoc, Mississippi, U.S.
DiedMay 30, 2019(2019-05-30) (aged 81)
Oxford, Mississippi, U.S.
Political partyRepublican (1967–2019)
Other political
affiliations		Democratic (before 1967)
Spouses
Rose Clayton
​
​
(m. 1964; died 2014)​
    Kay Webber
    ​
    (m. 2015)​
    Children2
    EducationUniversity of Mississippi (BA, JD)
    Signature
    WebsiteSenate website
    Military service
    Allegiance United States
    Branch/service United States Navy
    Years of service1959–1961
    RankEnsign

    William Thad Cochran (/ˈkɒkrən/ KOK-rən; December 7, 1937 – May 30, 2019) was an American attorney and politician who served as a United States senator for Mississippi from 1978 to 2018. A Republican, he previously served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1973 to 1978.

    Born in Pontotoc, Mississippi, Cochran graduated from the University of Mississippi. He served in the United States Navy as an ensign (1959–1961) before graduating from the University of Mississippi School of Law. After practicing law for several years in Jackson, Mississippi, he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1972. He served three terms in the House representing Jackson and portions of southwest Mississippi.

    Cochran won a three-way race for U.S. Senate in 1978, becoming the first Republican to win a United States Senate election in Mississippi since Blanche Bruce was elected during Reconstruction.[1] He was subsequently reelected to six additional terms by wide margins. He was chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee from 2005 to 2007 and again from 2015 to 2018. He also chaired the Senate Agriculture Committee from 2003 to 2005. With over 45 years of combined House and Senate service, Cochran is the second longest-serving member of Congress ever from Mississippi, only after former Democratic U.S. Representative Jamie L. Whitten.[2]

    Cochran resigned from the Senate due to health issues in April 2018. Cochran died on May 30, 2019 in Oxford, Mississippi.[3]

    Early life

    William Thad Cochran was born on December 7, 1937, in Pontotoc, Mississippi, the son of Emma Grace (née Berry) and William Holmes Cochran, a teacher and school principal, respectively. His family settled in Hinds County, Mississippi, home of the state capital, Jackson, in 1946 after a few moves around the northern part of the state.[4] He graduated valedictorian[5] from Byram High School near Jackson.[6]

    Cochran then received a B.A. degree from the University of Mississippi with a major in psychology and a minor in political science in 1959.[6] There he joined the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity and was on the cheerleading squad (fellow senator Trent Lott was also an Ole Miss cheerleader).[7] He was elected to the Phi Kappa Phi honor society, and worked as a lifeguard at Livingston Lake in Jackson during the summers.[8]

    After a time in the United States Navy (1959–1961), where he was commissioned an ensign aboard the USS Macon, Cochran received a J.D. degree from the University of Mississippi School of Law in 1965. While in law school, he won the Frederick Hamel Memorial Award for having the highest scholastic average in the first year class and served on the editorial board of the Mississippi Law Journal. Following graduation, Cochran practiced law at the firm of Watkins & Eager in Jackson, Mississippi, where he was promoted to partner.[8][9]

    In 1968, Lamar Alexander recruited Cochran to serve as chairman of Citizens for Nixon-Agnew in Mississippi.[10]

    U.S. House of Representatives

    Cochran during his time in the House of Representatives

    In 1972, Jackson lawyer Mike Allred and oilman Billy Mounger, both Republicans, recruited Cochran to run for Congress as a Republican.[11] That year, Democratic Congressman Charles H. Griffin of Mississippi's 3rd congressional district decided not to run for a third full term.[12] Cochran won the Republican nomination for the Jackson-based district, which was renumbered as the 4th District after redistricting. He defeated Democratic state senator Ellis B. Bodron by 47.9% to 44%.[13] One factor in Cochran's victory was Richard Nixon's strong showing in that year's presidential election. Mississippi was Nixon's best state in 1972, taking 78.2 percent of the statewide poular vote. Another Republican candidate that year, Gil Carmichael, who ran for U.S. Senate against James Eastland, only finished with 38 percent of the vote, largely because of Nixon steadfastly backing Eastland.[13][14] Another factor for Cochran's win was black turnout. Eddie McBride, a black independent candidate pulled enough black voters from Bodron to help sway the election. McBride has been recruited by Fayette Mayor Charles Evers to retaliate against Bodron who had blocked Evers' initative to build a nursing home in Fayette.[14] Cochran, alongside Trent Lott, became the second and third Republicans to be elected to represent Mississippi in the House of Representatives since Reconstruction.[15][lower-alpha 1]

    In the 1974 elections, Cochran won in a landslide victory with 70.2 percent of the vote, winning every county besides black-majority Clairborne and Jefferson. He called his victory an endorsement of "my views on cutting down inflation and unnecessary spending."[17] Cochran ran for reelection in the 1976 elections and was predicted to easily win.[18] Cochran easily won reelection with 76% of the vote.[19]

    U.S. Senate

    Elections

    In 1978, six-term Democratic Senator James Eastland decided to retire. Cochran ran for the seat and won the Republican primary, defeating state senator and former Jones County prosecutor Charles W. Pickering, 69%–31% percent. In the general election, he faced Democrat Maurice Dantin, a former district attorney who had triumphed in a four-way primary with the backing of Eastland, and Independent candidate Charles Evers, the mayor of Fayette. Evers, the first African American to be elected mayor of a Mississippi town since Reconstruction, split the Democratic vote and Cochran won with a plurality, taking 45.3% to Dantin's 31.8% and Evers' 22.6%.[20] This made Cochran the first Republican to win a statewide election in Mississippi in a century and thus became Mississippi's first new U.S. senator since John C. Stennis in 1947.[21] Eastland resigned on 27 December to give Cochran a seniority advantage over other new incoming U.S. senators. Governor Cliff Finch appointed Cochran to serve the remaining week of Eastland's term.[22]

    Cochran faced an expected strong challenge for re-election from incumbent Democratic governor William Winter in 1984, but he was re-elected easily, 60.9 to 39.1 percent.[23] He was likely helped by the presence of Ronald Reagan atop the ticket for president; Reagan carried Mississippi by an almost identical margin, 61.8 percent to Walter Mondale's 37.4 percent.

    He was completely unopposed in 1990[24] and took 71 percent of the vote in 1996;[25] the Democratic nominee, retired factory worker Bootie Hunt, received 27.4 percent.[25] No Democrat ran against Cochran in 2002; he faced only Reform Party candidate Shawn O'Hara, beating him by 84.6 to 15.4 percent.[26] Cochran faced his strongest challenger in twenty-four years in 2008 when the Democrats nominated State Representative Erik R. Fleming. In a year that saw widespread Democratic gains, Cochran was still re-elected, 61.4–37.6 percent.[27]

    2014 election

    In 2014, Cochran faced a primary challenge from Tea Party-supported candidate Chris McDaniel. Although the primary was initially considered uncompetitive, McDaniel proved a serious challenger. Polling showed the lead swinging between the two and it eventually became a "50%-50% race".[28]

    The primary was considered a marquee establishment-versus-Tea Party fight. Cochran's seniority and appropriating skills contrasted with the junior status of the rest of the state's congressional delegation.[29] The primary was described as "nasty"[30] and full of "bizarre" twists.[31]

    In May 2014, a scandal emerged when a McDaniel supporter allegedly entered a nursing home where Cochran's bedridden wife was living and took pictures of her.[30] The images were posted to a blog, intending to advance the rumor that Cochran was having affairs while his wife was receiving care.[32][33] Four people were arrested in connection with the incident.[32] The connection to the McDaniel campaign was disputed. One of the arrested included McDaniel ally Mark Mayfield, who was vice chairman of the state's Tea Party.[34] In response, McDaniel said, "the violation of the privacy of Mrs. Cochran [was] out of bounds for politics and reprehensible."[35]

    Neither candidate won a majority in the primary election; McDaniel won 49.46% of the vote, while Cochran received 49.02%.[36] A runoff election between McDaniel and Cochran was held on June 24.[37] Despite trailing in most of the polls,[38] Cochran won with 51.01% of the vote to McDaniel's 48.99%.[36][39] The Cochran campaign denied allegations of vote-buying made by a blogger regarding his run-off victory.[40] In the aftermath of the runoff, the McDaniel campaign claimed there were indications of voter fraud.[41] McDaniel's legal challenge to the election results failed.[42][43]

    On Election Day, Cochran defeated Democratic former U.S. Rep. Travis Childers, 59.90%-37.89%.[44][45]

    Tenure

    Cochran with President Ronald Reagan in 1981

    Generally, Cochran kept a lower national profile than conventional wisdom would suggest for someone who spent almost half a century in Washington, including seven terms in the Senate. However, he had considerable influence behind the scenes, especially in Mississippi.[46]

    In March 1981, after the Senate Agriculture Committee overwhelmingly approved a proposal to enact a temporary freeze on the level of dairy price supports and thereby gave President Ronald Reagan his first congressional victory for his federal spending reductions, Cochran stated that the vote was "a great victory for" Reagan and "a very important first step in having his program adopted by Congress."[47]

    In April 1981, along with Bob Packwood, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, John Heinz, David Pryor, Spark M. Matsunaga, Donald W. Riegle Jr., and Bill Bradley, Cochran was one of eight senators to cosponsor a bipartisan six-year experiment in care at home for the elderly and disabled for the purpose of presenting an alternative to expensive hospitals and nursing facilities.[48]

    Cochran served as Vice Chairman of the Senate Republican Conference from 1985 to 1991 and as Chairman from 1991 to 1996. He chaired the Senate Agriculture Committee from 2003 to 2005. In 2005, he was appointed as chairman of the powerful Senate Appropriations Committee, making him the first Republican from a former Confederate state to chair the committee. While Chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee, Cochran worked to expedite the process of approving spending bills to minimize partisan skirmishing.[49]

    In June 1991, Cochran introduced legislation to establish a commission of three members appointed by the president to oversee recognition of Indian tribes and speed the tribal recognition process. Cochran said he was "supportive of trying to establish a procedure that would permit these matters to be resolved by a commission" and that it was a better alternative to seeking to "call on Congress to make decisions we're really not qualified to make."[50]

    In June 1996, Cochran ran for the post of Senate Majority Leader to succeed Republican Bob Dole, who had resigned from the Senate to concentrate on his presidential campaign. Cochran faced his Mississippi colleague Trent Lott, the then-Senate Majority Whip. Cochran cast himself as an "institutionalist" and who would held to rebuild public trust in Congress through compromise over conflict. Lott promised a "more aggressive" style of leadership and courted the younger Senate conservatives. Cochran lost by 44 votes to 8.[51]

    Cochran in 2007

    On June 13, 2005, the U.S. Senate formally apologized for its failure to enact a federal anti-lynching law in the early 20th century, "when it was most needed". The resolution was passed on a voice vote with 80 senators cosponsoring. Cochran and fellow Mississippian Trent Lott were among the 20 senators who did not join as cosponsors.[52] Cochran said, "I'm not in the business of apologizing for what someone else did or didn't do. I deplore and regret that lynching occurred and that those committing them weren't punished, but I'm not culpable".[53]

    In April 2006, Cochran was selected by Time as one of "America's 10 Best Senators". He was dubbed "The Quiet Persuader" for his role in winning money for the Gulf Coast in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. Time reported that Cochran managed to wring "$29 billion out of his colleagues, almost double the money [President George W.] Bush and congressional leaders had initially pledged".[54] Earlier, Cochran threatened to derail a defense appropriations bill unless it included funding for installations on the Gulf Coast. The article also noted that Cochran has "gained the trust of the [Bush] Administration and Capitol Hill for his quiet, courtly manner... using his experience and mastery of the issues to persuade his colleagues privately rather than making demands on them in public". The magazine quoted an unnamed "senior GOP Senator" who said "He doesn't get a whole lot of play in terms of coverage, but he is effectively stubborn doing what needs to be done."[54]

    In late 2017, questions began to arise over Cochran's apparently deteriorating health. He missed two weeks of the Senate session due to a urological procedure.[55] Upon his return to Washington, Cochran needed assistance locating the Senate chamber and was described by Politico as "frail" and "disoriented". On one occasion, he repeatedly voted "yes" despite being told by aides to vote "no"; he later realized his mistake and changed his vote. However, Cochran sought to defuse rumors that his retirement was imminent, saying, "Don’t believe everything you hear".[56]

    On March 5, 2018, Cochran announced that he would retire from the Senate[57] due to ongoing health challenges.[58] Cochran left office on April 1, 2018.[3] He was one of the longest-serving members of Congress in history.[59]

    Positions

    Senators Cochran (left) and Carl Levin (right) meet with Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel at the Pentagon to discuss the budgeting, April 10, 2013.

    Cochran was considered to be more moderate than his Republican colleagues.[60] In 2017, The New York Times arranged Republican senators based on ideology and reported that Cochran was the fourth most moderate Republican in their findings.[61] According to GovTrack, Cochran was more moderate than most of his Republican colleagues being to the left of most but to the right of several others.[62] The non-partisan National Journal gave Senator Cochran a composite ideology score of 68% conservative and 33% liberal.[63]

    In 2005, he was one of nine senators who voted against the Detainee Treatment Act of 2005, which prohibited "inhumane treatment of prisoners, including prisoners at Guantanamo Bay". The others, all Republicans, were Wayne Allard, Kit Bond, Tom Coburn, Jeff Sessions, Jim Inhofe, Pat Roberts, John Cornyn and Ted Stevens.

    On July 18, 2006, Cochran voted, along with 19 Republican senators, for the Stem Cell Research Enhancement Act to lift restrictions on federal funding for the research.[64]

    In April 2010, it was reported that Cochran finished at the top of the Citizens Against Government Waste's list of congressional earmarks, having requested a total of $490 million in earmarks.[65]

    In 2012, Cochran encouraged Mississippians to prepare for the effects of Tropical Storm Isaac, saying "Taking steps now to protect people and property should help lessen the losses that might be associated with Isaac. It is important that everyone stay informed and follow emergency orders. I am confident that Mississippians have learned valuable lessons from previous storms and will work together to prepare for this newest threat, I believe Governor Bryant and others are handling emergency preparedness actions very well."[66]

    Environment

    In 2017, Cochran was one of 22 senators to sign a letter[67] to President Donald Trump urging the President to have the United States withdraw from the Paris Agreement. According to OpenSecrets, Cochran had received more than $290,000 from oil, gas and coal interests since 2012.[68]

    Gun law

    Cochran had an A+ rating from the NRA Political Victory Fund (NRA-PVF) due to his consistent voting and support of pro-gun legislation.[69] The NRA endorsed Cochran in the 2014 election.[70]

    In April 2013, Cochran was one of forty-six senators to vote against the passing of a bill which would have expanded background checks for gun buyers. Cochran voted with 40 Republicans and 5 Democrats to stop the passage of the bill.[71]

    Cochran voted to repeal a regulation that made it illegal for certain individuals with specific mental health diagnosis to purchase guns. The original law authorizing such regulation was passed with a unanimous vote in 2007 after the Virginia Tech shooting. Cochran claims the law infringed upon the Second Amendment rights of disabled people.[72]

    Healthcare

    Cochran opposed President Barack Obama's health reform legislation; he voted against the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in December 2009,[73] and he voted against the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010.[74]

    Jefferson Davis

    As senior senator of the state of Mississippi, Cochran was given the opportunity to use the desk of Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederacy, which Cochran accepted.[75] Cochran said that he was "very proud" to have Davis's desk.[75] Cochran opposed attempts to remove a statue of Davis from the U.S. Capitol.[75]

    Martin Luther King Jr. Day

    In 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed into law: H.R. 3706 (98th) – A bill to amend title 5, United States Code, to make the birthday of Martin Luther King Jr., a legal public holiday.[76] Cochran, a Republican, voted for the act. His colleague in the Senate from Mississippi, Democrat John C. Stennis, voted against the act.[77]

    Trade

    In January 2018, Cochran was one of thirty-six Republican senators to sign a letter to President Trump requesting he preserve the North American Free Trade Agreement by modernizing it for the economy of the 21st century.[78]

    Staff

    • Mississippi State University president Mark Keenum served as Cochran's chief-of-staff.[79]
    • Delta State University president William LaForge served as Cochran's chief-of-staff.[80]
    • In 1973, Cochran hired Nehemiah Flowers Jr.[81] from WLBT, where he was Mississippi's first black television executive.[82] Flowers was the first African-American congressional staffer in Mississippi since Reconstruction.[83] Flowers remained on Cochran's staff until 2002, when Cochran recommended him and President George W. Bush nominated him to become U.S. Marshal for Mississippi's Southern District.[84] He remained in that position until 2010.[82]
    • AT&T Mississippi president R. Mayo Flint III formerly served on Cochran's staff.[85]
    • The Natchez Trace Parkway Land Conveyance Act of 2013 (S. 304; 113th Congress) (S. 304) is a bill that was sponsored and actively lobbied for by Thad Cochran during the 113th United States Congress.[86][87] The bill would require the National Park Service (NPS) to convey about 67 acres of property in the Natchez Trace Parkway to the state of Mississippi. The legislation also would adjust the boundaries of the parkway to include 10 additional acres.[88] The two pieces of land in question originally belonged to Mississippi, and were donated to the National Park Service when the NPS was trying to determine where to end the Natchez Trace Parkway.[86][89] Since the NPS did not choose to use either of the pieces of land, the state would like the land back.[89]
    • The Bipartisan Sportsmen's Act of 2014 (S. 2363; 113th Congress), a bill related to hunting, fishing, and outdoor recreation in the United States, aimed at improving "the public's ability to enjoy the outdoors."[90] Cochran supported the bill, arguing that the bill "deserves broad support for its policies and reforms that will protect and enhance opportunities to hunt, fish and enjoy the outdoors."[90]
    • Cochran was the lead sponsor of "The Cochran-Inouye National Missile Defense Act of 1999." The policy sought to counter emerging missile threats from China, North Korea, Iran, and Iraq.[91] The policy was enacted into law on July 22, 1999, as incorporated into a House version of the bill.[92] The act stated:

      It is the policy of the United States to deploy as soon as is technologically possible an effective National Missile Defense system capable of defending the territory of the United States against limited ballistic missile attack (whether accidental, unauthorized, or deliberate) with funding subject to the annual authorization of appropriations and the annual appropriation of funds for National Missile Defense.

    Committee assignments

    Caucus memberships

    Personal life and death

    In 1964, Cochran married Rose Clayton. The couple had two children. Rose Cochran died in 2014.[94]

    On May 23, 2015, Cochran married longtime aide Kay Webber in a private ceremony in Gulfport, Mississippi.[95]

    Fourteen months after his resignation from the Senate, Cochran died on May 30, 2019, in Oxford, Mississippi.[96] The cause of death was renal failure.[97]

    Legacy

    The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2018, which was signed into law on March 23, 2018, named the federal courthouse in Jackson, Mississippi after Cochran.[98] The courthouse-naming provision of the act was included by Senator Patrick Leahy of Vermont,[99] who served as the ranking Democrat on the committee and considered Cochran his closest friend in the Senate.[100] On August 9, 2018, a ceremony was held to recognize the naming of the Thad Cochran United States Courthouse in Jackson, Mississippi.[101]

    On May 12, 2018, the University of Mississippi gave Cochran the Mississippi Humanitarian Award, given "to exceptional figures who have played a major role in shaping the state."[102]

    In 2018, a report indicated that Cochran's official papers were to be housed in the Modern Political Archives at the University of Mississippi.[103]

    In recognition of Cochran's military and civil service, the US Navy posthumously named the Arleigh Burke-class destroyer USS Thad Cochran (DDG-135) after him in 2019.[104][105]

    Electoral history

    U.S. Senate

    1978

    Mississippi U.S. Senate election, 1978[106]
    Party Candidate Votes % ±%
    Republican Thad Cochran 267,302 45.3
    Democratic Maurice Dantin 187,541 31.8
    Independent Charles Evers 133,646 22.6
    Independent Henry Jay Kirksey 1,747 0.3

    1984

    Mississippi U.S. Senate election, 1984[23]
    Party Candidate Votes % ±%
    Republican Thad Cochran (incumbent) 580,314 60.9
    Democratic William Winter 371,926 39.1

    1990

    Mississippi U.S. Senate election, 1990[24]
    Party Candidate Votes % ±%
    Republican Thad Cochran (incumbent) 274,244 100.00
    Majority 274,244 100.00
    Turnout 274,244

    1996

    Mississippi U.S. Senate election, 1996[25]
    Party Candidate Votes % ±%
    Republican Thad Cochran (incumbent) 624,154 71.0
    Democratic James W. "Bootie" Hunt 240,647 27.4
    Independent Ted Weill 13,861 1.6

    2002

    Mississippi U.S. Senate election, 2002[26]
    Party Candidate Votes % ±%
    Republican Thad Cochran (incumbent) 533,269 84.58
    Reform Shawn O'Hara 97,226 15.42
    Majority 436,043 69.16
    Turnout 630,495
    Republican hold

    2008

    Mississippi U.S. Senate election, 2008[27]
    Party Candidate Votes % ±%
    Republican Thad Cochran (incumbent) 766,111 61.44% -23.2
    Democratic Erik Fleming 480,915 38.56% n/a
    Majority 285,196
    Turnout 1,247,026
    Republican hold Swing

    2014

    Mississippi U.S. Senate Republican primary election, 2014[107][36]
    Party Candidate Votes % +%
    Republican Chris McDaniel 157,733 49.46%
    Republican Thad Cochran (incumbent) 156,315 49.02%
    Republican Thomas Carey 4,854 1.52%
    Mississippi U.S. Senate Republican primary runoff election, 2014[108][36]
    Party Candidate Votes % +%
    Republican Thad Cochran (incumbent) 194,972 51.01%
    Republican Chris McDaniel 187,249 48.99%
    Mississippi U.S. Senate election, 2014[109]
    Party Candidate Votes %
    Republican Thad Cochran (incumbent) 378,481 59.90
    Democratic Travis Childers 239,439 37.89
    Reform Shawn O'Hara 13,938 2.21
    Total votes 631,858 100
    Republican hold

    References

    1. ↑ "Toledo Blade - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved July 4, 2018.
    2. ↑ Howard, Anthony (June 21, 2019). "Remembering Senator Thad Cochran 1937 – 2019". wjtv.com. Nexstar Media Inc. Retrieved April 21, 2022.
    3. 1 2 McFadden, Robert D. (May 30, 2019). "Thad Cochran, 81, Lawmaker Who Brought Largess to Mississippi, Dies". The New York Times – via NYTimes.com.
    4. ↑ "Sen. Thad Cochran". Mississippi Republican Party. Archived from the original on March 7, 2016. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
    5. ↑ Weeks, Linton (January 7, 1999). "Two From Ole Miss, Hitting It Big". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. p. C1. Retrieved April 17, 2010.
    6. 1 2 "Delta State dedicates Thad Cochran Center for Rural School Leadership and Research - Delta State University". www.deltastate.edu. October 11, 2006. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
    7. ↑ "Ole Miss cheerleading squad". The Washington Post. January 8, 1999.
    8. 1 2 "Thad Cochran Biography". Thad Cochran Senate. Archived from the original on November 21, 2014. Retrieved November 17, 2014.
    9. ↑ Newman, Bruce (May 31, 2019). "Obituary - William Thad Cochran". The Oxford Eagle. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
    10. ↑ Alexander, Lamar (March 22, 2018). "U.S. Senate Floor Speech". Congress.gov.
    11. ↑ "Mississippi Politics: The Struggle for Power, 1976-2006 - PDF Free Download". epdf.tips. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
    12. ↑ Pender, Geoff. "'Gentleman' Thad Cochran, Mississippi's 'Quiet Persuader' in U.S. Senate, dead at 81". clarionledger.com. Retrieved August 6, 2019.
    13. 1 2 Guthrie, Benjamin; Jennings, W. Pat (1973). Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 7, 1972 (PDF). Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.
    14. 1 2 Nash, Jere; Taggart, Andy (2009). Mississippi Politics: The Struggle for Power, 1976-2008, Second Edition. Oxford: University Press of Mississippi. pp. 49–52.
    15. ↑ Andrews, Natalie (May 30, 2019). "Former GOP Sen. Thad Cochran Dies". Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company, Inc. Retrieved December 1, 2019.
    16. ↑ Reed, Roy (October 22, 1972). "3 House Races in Mississippi in Doubt". The New York Times. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
    17. ↑ Saggus, James (November 6, 1974). "Cochran, Three Other Incumbents Win Races". Enterprise-Journal. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
    18. ↑ Zeller, Bob (November 1, 1976). "Incumbents Should Have Easy Congressional Race". Clarion-Ledger. p. 1 – via Newspapers.com.
    19. ↑ "Cochran, Bowen have easy time". The Sun. November 3, 1976. p. 2 – via Newspapers.com.
    20. ↑ Black, Earl (2003). The Rise of Southern Republicans. Harvard University Press. p. 118. ISBN 978-0-674-01248-6.
    21. ↑ "Results of Elections Across the Nation". The Blade. November 7, 1978. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
    22. ↑ "Eastland Quits Early To Aid His Successor". The Blade. Associated Press. December 27, 1978. Retrieved April 19, 2010.
    23. 1 2 "Our Campaigns - MS US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1984". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
    24. 1 2 "Our Campaigns - MS US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1990". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
    25. 1 2 3 "Our Campaigns - MS US Senate Race - Nov 05, 1996". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
    26. 1 2 "2002 ELECTION STATISTICS". clerk.house.gov. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
    27. 1 2 "US Senate Election Official Certification" (PDF). Mississippi Secretary of State. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
    28. ↑ "Could a Tea Party Win in Mississippi Change the 2014 Math?". NBC News. June 3, 2014. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
    29. ↑ Abby Livingston (December 26, 2012). "Most Fascinating Races of 2014: Mississippi Senate". Roll Call. Archived from the original on December 29, 2013. Retrieved December 31, 2013.
    30. 1 2 Alexandra Jaffe (June 3, 2014). "Biggest Super Tuesday casualty?". The Hill. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
    31. ↑ Deborah Barfield Berry (June 2, 2014). "Miss. voters ready for end to Senate primary". The Clarion-Ledger. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
    32. 1 2 Bobby Harrison (June 1, 2014). "Bruising Senate battle nears finish". DJournal. Archived from the original on June 6, 2014. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
    33. ↑ Brett Logiurato (May 20, 2014). "This Is The Single Nastiest Campaign Fight In America". Business Insider. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
    34. ↑ OHLHEISER, ABBY. "The Bizarre Scandal That Could Tear Apart the Tea Party's Best Hope for a Primary Win". The Wire. Archived from the original on May 26, 2014. Retrieved June 8, 2014.
    35. ↑ LoGiurato, Brett (May 22, 2014). "A Top Mississippi Tea Party Official And Two Others Have Been Arrested In Connection With The Bizarre Senate Race". Business Insider. Retrieved September 5, 2018.
    36. 1 2 3 4 "Official Election Results for United States Senate, 2014" (PDF). FEC.gov. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
    37. ↑ Martin, Jonathan (June 4, 2014). "Mississippi's G.O.P. Senate Primary Headed to a Runoff". The New York Times. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
    38. ↑ "Polling Data". Real Clear Politics. June 24, 2014. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
    39. ↑ "Precinct Data". The New York Times. July 9, 2014. Retrieved February 22, 2015..
    40. ↑ Pender, Geoff (July 2014). "Cochran campaign denies vote-buying reports". www.clarionledger.com. The Clarion-Ledger. Retrieved July 2, 2014.
    41. ↑ Wagster Pettus, Emmily (July 1, 2014). "Home> Politics McDaniel Not Giving up GOP Runoff Against Cochran". Associated Press. Archived from the original on July 3, 2014. Retrieved July 2, 2014.
    42. ↑ "Chris McDaniel challenge tossed in Mississippi". Politico. August 29, 2014. Retrieved August 30, 2014.
    43. ↑ Supreme Court of Mississippi (October 24, 2014). "McDaniel v. Cochran, No. 2014-EC-01247-SCT" (PDF).
    44. ↑ "Mississippi General Election 2014". Mississippi Secretary of State. November 4, 2014. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
    45. ↑ "Travis Childers Loses Senate Race To Thad Cochran". HuffPost. November 5, 2014.
    46. ↑ Kennedy, Merritt (May 30, 2019). "Thad Cochran, Long-Serving Mississippi Senator, Dies At 81". npr.org. National Public Radio (NPR). Retrieved December 4, 2019.
    47. ↑ "REAGAN BACKED BY SENATE PANEL ON DAIRY PRICES". New York Times. March 5, 1981.
    48. ↑ "OME CARE IS PUSHED IN SENATE AS ALTERNATIVE TO INSTITUTIONS FOR THE AGED". New York Times. April 16, 1981.
    49. ↑ "Sen. Thad Cochran (R)". National Journal. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
    50. ↑ "New Ways to Recognize Tribes Split Indians". New York Times. August 4, 1991.
    51. ↑ David Hawkings (June 8, 2014). "What Cochran Vs. Lott Said About Today's GOP Civil War". Roll Call. Archived from the original on August 10, 2014. Retrieved July 23, 2014.
    52. ↑ Thomas-Lester, Avis (June 14, 2005). "A Senate Apology for History on Lynching". Washington Post. p. A12. Retrieved June 26, 2005.
    53. ↑ Raspberry, William (June 20, 2005). "William Raspberry - A 'Sorry' Excuse From Cochran". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
    54. 1 2 "Thad Cochran: The Quiet Persuader". Time. April 14, 2006. Archived from the original on February 13, 2007. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
    55. ↑ Palmer, Anna; Everett, Burgess (October 13, 2017). "Concerns mount over Thad Cochran's health". POLITICO.
    56. ↑ Bresnahan, John (October 18, 2017). "Frail and disoriented, Cochran says he's not retiring". Politico. Retrieved April 30, 2020.
    57. ↑ Stolberg, Sheryl Gay; Martin, Jonathan (March 5, 2018). "Senator Thad Cochran Announces Retirement, Opening Another G.O.P. Seat". The New York Times.
    58. ↑ "Cochran resigns effective April 1". POLITICO. Retrieved July 4, 2018.
    59. ↑ Sullivan, Sean; Kane, Paul (March 6, 2018). "Mississippi's Thad Cochran to resign from Senate after four-decade congressional career". Washington Post.
    60. ↑ "The GOP Senator Most Likely to Falter in the Primary Season". FiveThirtyEight. April 7, 2014. Retrieved July 23, 2018.
    61. ↑ Parlapiano, Alicia (June 22, 2017). "Where Senators Stand on the Health Care Bill". The New York Times. Retrieved July 23, 2018.
    62. ↑ "Thad Cochran, former Senator for Mississippi - GovTrack.us". GovTrack.us. Retrieved July 23, 2018.
    63. ↑ "Thad Cochran's Ratings and Endorsements". votesmart.org.
    64. ↑ Salter, Sid (August 12, 2006). "Cochran, Lott show courage". meridianstar.com. The Meridian Star. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
    65. ↑ "Miss. Senator Leads Congress In Earmarks". WAPT. April 15, 2010. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
    66. ↑ "Cochran: Prepare now to lessen storm losses". The Delta Farm Press. Retrieved September 2, 2012.
    67. ↑ Inhofe, James. "Senator". Archived from the original on June 6, 2017. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
    68. ↑ "The Republicans who urged Trump to pull out of Paris deal are big oil darlings". The Guardian. June 1, 2017. Retrieved June 1, 2017.
    69. ↑ "NRA-PVF | Grades | Mississippi". nrapvf.org. NRA-PVF. Archived from the original on November 4, 2014.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
    70. ↑ Bump, Philip (October 3, 2017). "Are Republican senators justified in being worried about the NRA?". Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 3, 2017. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
    71. ↑ Silver, Nate (April 18, 2013). "Modeling the Senate's Vote on Gun Control". The New York Times.
    72. ↑ Fowler, Sarah. "Cochran, Wicker vote to remove gun restrictions". USA TODAY. Retrieved October 5, 2017.
    73. ↑ "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 111th Congress - 1st Session". www.senate.gov. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
    74. ↑ "U.S. Senate: Legislation & Records Home > Votes > Roll Call Vote". Senate.gov. Retrieved August 29, 2010.
    75. 1 2 3 "Mississippi Senators Defend Jefferson Davis". Roll Call. June 24, 2015. Retrieved August 13, 2017.
    76. ↑ "GovTrack: H.R. 3706 (98th): A bill to amend title 5, United States Code, to make the birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr., a legal public holiday". GovTrack.
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    78. ↑ Needham, Vicki (January 30, 2018). "Senate Republicans call on Trump to preserve NAFTA". The Hill.
    79. ↑ Poe, Katie. "President Trump appoints Mark Keenum as BIFAD chairman". The Reflector. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
    80. ↑ "LaForge leads Delta State into the future - Mississippi Business Journal". Mississippi Business Journal. July 27, 2018. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
    81. ↑ "Fates and Fortunes" (PDF). Broadcasting. July 30, 1973.
    82. 1 2 "MSU welcomes retired U.S. lawman for MLK tribute day". Mississippi State University. January 5, 2010. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
    83. ↑ McConnell, Mitch (March 22, 2018). "Floor Speech". Congressional Record - Senate.
    84. ↑ "Nominations". georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
    85. ↑ "Executive Profile". Bloomberg.
    86. 1 2 "Congress passes bill to give city 'bean field' property". Natchez Democrat. September 11, 2013. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
    87. ↑ "S. 304 - Summary". United States Congress. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
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    89. 1 2 "House Republican Conference's Legislative Digest on S 304". House Republican Conference. Archived from the original on January 7, 2014. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
    90. 1 2 "Wicker, Cochran Sign on to Sportsmen's Legislative Package". Office of Senator Wicker. June 17, 2014. Retrieved June 20, 2014.
    91. ↑ Moore, Thomas. "The Cochran-Inouye National Missile Defense Act: An Historic Opportunity". The Heritage Foundation. Retrieved August 15, 2018.
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    93. ↑ "Members". Afterschool Alliance. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
    94. ↑ "Wife of GOP Sen. Thad Cochran of Mississippi dies". USA Today. December 12, 2014. Retrieved May 26, 2015.
    95. ↑ "Cochran marries longtime aide Kay Webber". ClarionLedger.com. May 25, 2015. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
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    101. ↑ "US courthouse in Mississippi named for former Sen. Cochran". Associated Press. August 9, 2018.
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