Although the first Olympic coin can be traced back to 480 BC, the modern Olympics did not see its first commemoratives until 1951. The original concept of Olympic coins was that the Greeks believed that coins brought the general public closer to the Olympic games.[1] The premise was that those who could not attend the games could at least have a tangible souvenir of the event.[1]
In 1951, the government of Finland authorized the striking of the first modern Olympic coin, a 500 Markkaa. The first Winter Games coin that numismatists could add to their collection was in 1964. An Official Act of the Government of Austria authorized the Austrian Mint to strike a commemorative 50 Schilling coin for the event.[2]
With the exception of Canada's Lucky Loonie program and its 2007 25-cent pieces to commemorate the 2010 Vancouver Olympic Games, it is rare that Olympic coins are minted for circulation. Traditionally, Olympic coins are numismatic coins.[1]
- Please see Summer Olympic coins for details on summer games coins from 1952–1996.
- Please see Summer Olympic Coins (2000-present) for 21st Century Olympic coins.
Winter Games
Specifications for Winter Games coins
1964 Innsbruck Olympics
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 Schilling | A ski jumper with the Tyrolean Alps in the background, the Olympic rings, the legend: “IX Olympische Winterspiele 1964 Innsbruck” and the name of the artist Grienauer | Edwin Grienauer | The nine coats of arms of the Austrian Federal Provinces, and the legend: “Republik Osterreich” and “50 Schilling” | Arnold Hartig | Lettering on a plain edge: “50 Schilling” | 1964 | Proof and Circulated |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 34 mm | 20 grams | 2.35 mm | .900 silver and .100 copper | 67,950 (Proof) and 2,832,050 (Circulated) | No Mint marks | Munze Osterreich (Austrian Mint) | 50 Austrian Schilling |
1972 Sapporo Olympics
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 Yen | 100, the Olympic rings, a snowflake on each side, above the legend: 1972, and a Japanese word meaning Sapporo, and below, a Japanese legend meaning: “year 47 of the reign of Showa” | Mint Officials | The Olympic torch, the legend: Sapporo, the Japanese legend meaning: “Japan” and below, a Japanese text meaning: “100 Yen” | Mint Officials | Milled | 1972 | Circulated |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 mm | 12 grams | 2.4 mm | Cupronickel (.750 copper and .250 nickel) | 30,000,000 | No mint marks | The Ministry of Finance, Mint Bureau | 100 Yen |
1976 Innsbruck Olympics
The games were to be held in Denver, Colorado but after two years of preparation, the city withdrew and Innsbruck was chosen to stage the Games.[3] The Hall Mint, one of the oldest mints in Europe was reopened to strike some of the coins.[4]
Series One
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 Schilling | The Innsbruck Olympic emblem, the legend: “XII Olympische Winterspiele”, stylized snowflakes at the bottom, and the artist's name below. | Ferdinand Welz | Ten coats of arms: Republic Eagle of Austria and the arms of the Federal Provinces (See Note) | Edwin Grienauer | Lettering on a plain edge: 100 Schilling | 1974 | Proof and Circulated |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36 mm | 24 grams | 2.70 mm | .640 silver and .360 copper | Proof: 373,600, Circulated: 2,826,400 | No mint marks | Munze Osterreich (Austrian Mint) | Proof: 140 Austrian Schilling, Circulated: 100 Austrian Schilling |
NOTE: The Federal Provinces are: Burgenland, Carinthia, Lower Austria, Upper Austria, Salzburg, Styria, Tyrol, Vorallberg and Vienna
Series Two
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 Schilling | A townscape Innsbruck, the Olympic rings, the legend: “XII Olympische Winterspiele Innsbruck 1976”, and the name Zelger. | Arthur Zegler and Kutr Baduak | The emblem of Austria with a stylized Austrian eagle and the legend: “Republik Osterreich 100 Schilling” | Helmuth Gsollpointner | Lettering on a plain edge: 100 Schilling | 1975 | Proof and Circulated |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage (Vienna Shield) | Mintage (Hall Eagle) | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36 mm | 24 grams | 2.70 mm | .640 silver and .360 copper | Proof: 232,000, Circulated: 2,718,000 | Proof: 223,000, Circulated: 2,692,000 | No mint marks | Munze Osterreich (Austrian Mint) | Proof: 150 Austrian Schilling, Circulated: 100 Austrian Schilling |
Series Three
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 Schilling | A stylized skier, the legend: “XII Olympische Winterspiele Innsbruck 1976”, and the name Zobl. | Helmut Zobl | The emblem of Austria with a stylized Austrian eagle and the legend: “Republik Osterreich 100 Schilling” | Helmuth Gsollpointner | Lettering on a plain edge: 100 Schilling | 1975 | Proof and Circulated |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage (Vienna Shield) | Mintage (Hall Eagle) | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36 mm | 24 grams | 2.70 mm | .640 silver and .360 copper | Proof: 184,200, Circulated: 2,640,800 | Proof: 179,000, Circulated: 2,636,000 | No mint marks | Munze Osterreich (Austrian Mint) | Proof: 150 Austrian Schilling, Circulated: 100 Austrian Schilling |
Series Four
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 Schilling | The Bergisel ski jump and the Olympic rings with the legend: “XII Olympische Winterspiele Innsbruck 1976”, and above the rings, the words: “Bregisel Schanze”, and the artist’sname Bucheder. | Erwin Bucheder | The emblem of Austria with a stylized Austrian eagle and the legend: “Republik Osterreich 100 Schilling” | Helmuth Gsollpointner | Lettering on a plain edge: 100 Schilling | 1975 | Proof and Circulated |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage (Vienna Shield) | Mintage (Hall Eagle) | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36 mm | 24 grams | 2.70 mm | .640 silver and .360 copper | Proof: 188,000, Circulated: 2,627,000 | Proof: 179,400, Circulated: 2,610,600 | No mint marks | Munze Osterreich (Austrian Mint) | Proof: 150 Austrian Schilling, Circulated: 100 Austrian Schilling |
1984 Sarajevo Olympics
At the time, Sarajevo was the second largest city to host the Olympic Winter Games.[5] These were the first Winter Olympic Games that featured gold coins.[5] Marja-Liisa Haemaelaeinen of Finland was the first woman to win three gold medals in cross country skiing. Katarina Witt won her first Olympic gold medal in Figure Skating, and figure skating duo Jayne Torvill and Christopher Dean won the Gold Medal, and performed to the music of Ravel's Bolero.
100 Dinara
The dimensions are the same for all the 100 Dinara coins. Each series of coins had the same themes: Culture and History, Ice Sports, and Snow Sports.
- Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mint Mark | Struck by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 mm | 13 grams | 1.8 mm | .925 silver and .075 copper | No Mintmarks | Zlatara Majdanpek (ZM) and Zavod za izradu novcanica (ZIN) |
The artists for all Reverse Designs were Nebojsa Mitric, Dragisa Andric, Dragomir Mileusnic, Djordje Jovanovic, and Ljubisa Mancic. The artist for all Obverse Designs was Nebojsa Mitric.
- Specifications
| Series | Reverse Design | Obverse Design | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish | Mintage (ZM) | Mintage (ZIN) | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| One | Two ice hockey players, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1982 (released December 15, 1983) | Proof | 31,135 | 46,323 | 3,375 Dinar ($29.50 US) |
| Two | A figure skater, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1983 | Proof | 58,697 | 17,614 | 3,375 Dinar ($29.50 US) |
| Three | Two man bobsleigh, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1983 | Proof | 42,958 | 5,116 | 3,375 Dinar ($29.50 US) |
| Four | Speed skater, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1984 | Proof | 39,504 | 6,188 | 3,375 Dinar ($29.50 US) |
| Five | A pair of figure skaters, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1984 | Proof | 33,387 | 8,468 | 3,375 Dinar ($29.50 US) |
250 Dinara
The dimensions are the same for all the 250 Dinara coins. Each series of coins had the same themes: Culture and History, Ice Sports, and Snow Sports.
- Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mint Mark | Struck by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 34 mm | 17 grams | 1.85 mm | .925 silver and .075 copper | No Mintmarks | Zlatara Majdanpek (ZM) and Zavod za izradu novcanica (ZIN) |
The artists for all Reverse Designs were Nebojsa Mitric, Dragisa Andric, Dragomir Mileusnic, Djordje Jovanovic, and Ljubisa Mancic. The artist for all Obverse Designs was Nebojsa Mitric.
- Specifications
| Series | Reverse Design | Obverse Design | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish | Mintage (ZM) | Mintage (ZIN) | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| One | A view of Sarajevo, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1982 (released December 15, 1983) | Proof | 53,499 | 16,751 | 4,125 Dinar ($36 US) |
| Two | Artifacts, the words Leponski VIR, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1983 | Proof | 40,448 | 11,703 | 4,125 Dinar ($36 US) |
| Three | Radimlia's tomb, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1983 | Proof | 43,247 | 528 | 4,125 Dinar ($36 US) |
| Four | Jajce Village, 29.XI, 1943, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1984 | Proof | 38,119 | 3,649 | 4,125 Dinar ($36 US) |
| Five | The effigy of Josip Broz Tito, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1984 | Proof | 31,011 | 5,743 | 4,125 Dinar ($36 US) |
500 Dinara
The dimensions are the same for all the 500 Dinara coins. Each series of coins had the same themes: Culture and History, Ice Sports, and Snow Sports.
- Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mint Mark | Struck by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 38 mm | 23 grams | 2 mm | .925 silver and .075 copper | No Mintmarks | Zlatara Majdanpek (ZM) and Zavod za izradu novcanica (ZIN) |
The artists for all Reverse Designs were Nebojsa Mitric, Dragisa Andric, Dragomir Mileusnic, Djordje Jovanovic, and Ljubisa Mancic. The artist for all Obverse Designs was Nebojsa Mitric.
- Specifications
| Series | Reverse Design | Obverse Design | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish | Mintage (ZM) | Mintage (ZIN) | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| One | A downhill skii\er, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1982 (released December 15, 1983) | Proof | 32,812 | 37,063 | 5,125 Dinar ($45 US) |
| Two | A ski jumper, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1983 | Proof | 44,508 | 12,893 | 5,125 Dinar ($45 US) |
| Three | Biathlon, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1983 | Proof | 36,962 | 4,630 | 5,125 Dinar ($45 US) |
| Four | A cross-country skier, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1984 | Proof | 32,142 | 7,200 | 5,125 Dinar ($45 US) |
| Five | A slalom skier, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1984 | Proof | 35,997 | 258 | 5,125 Dinar ($45 US) |
5000 Dinara
The dimensions are the same for all the 5000 Dinara coins.
- Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mint Mark | Struck by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24 mm | 8 grams | 1 mm | .900 gold and .100 copper | No Mintmarks | Zlatara Majdanpek |
The artists for all Reverse Designs were Nebojsa Mitric, Dragisa Andric, Dragomir Mileusnic, Djordje Jovanovic, and Ljubisa Mancic. The artist for all Obverse Designs was Nebojsa Mitric.
- Specifications
| Reverse Design | Obverse Design | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish | Mintage | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, a stylized snowflake, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1982 (released December 15, 1983) | Proof | 23,400 | 27,625 Dinar ($246 US) |
| The effigy of Josip Broz Tito, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1983 | Proof | 13,874 | 27,625 Dinar ($246 US) |
| The Olympic flame, and the legend, “XIV Zimske Olimpijske Igre Sarajevo ‘84”, meaning: “XIV Olympic Winter Games Sarajevo ‘84”. | The Olympic emblem of Sarajevo, the emblem of Yugoslavia, and a Cyrillic legend, meaning: “The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia” | Milled | 1983 | Proof | 12,948 | 27,625 Dinar ($246 US) |
1988 Calgary Olympics
Heading into the 1980s, the Olympics would return to Canada. The city of Calgary would host the 1988 Winter Olympics. Starting in 1985, the Federal Government, under the leadership of then-Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, issued a ten coin set to help finance and commemorate the Olympic games. In similar style to the Montreal Olympics, the RCM would introduce coins with a face value that had never been used before. Said coins would feature a $20 face value. These coins were issued in Proof quality only, and were sold with the partnership of the Royal Bank of Canada. Unlike the Montreal coins, mintage was limited to 5,000,000 coins and this would mark the first time that any silver coin had edge lettering on it. Said lettering was 'XV OLYMPIC WINTER GAMES – JEUX D'OLYMPIQUES D'HIVER.' [6]
20 Dollars
| Year | Series | Sport | Artist | Mintage | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | First Series | Downhill Skiing | Ian Stewart | 406,360 | $37.00 |
| 1985 | First Series | Speed Skating | Friedrich Peter | 354,222 | $37.00 |
| 1986 | Second Series | Hockey | Ian Stewart | 396,602 | $37.00 |
| 1986 | Second Series | Biathlon | John Mardon | 308,086 | $37.00 |
| 1986 | Third Series | Cross-Country Skiing | Ian Stewart | 303,199 | $39.50 |
| 1986 | Third Series | Free-Style Skiing | Walter Ott | 294,322 | $39.50 |
| 1986 | Fourth Series | Figure Skating | Raymond Taylor | 334,875 | $39.50 |
| 1986 | Fourth Series | Curling | Walter Ott | 286,457 | $39.50 |
| 1987 | Fifth Series | Ski-Jumping | Raymond Taylor | 290,954 | $42.00 |
| 1987 | Fifth Series | Bobsleigh | John Mardon | 274,326 | $42.00 |
One Hundred Dollars Gold
| Year | Theme | Artist | Mintage | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1987 | XV Olympic Winter Games | Friedrich Peter | 145,175 | $255.00 |
1992 Albertville Olympics
The Albertville Olympics were the third Olympic Winter games held in France. To commemorate the event, the Government of France authorized the striking of ten gold and nine silver coins.[7]
100 Francs
- Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mint Mark | Struck by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 37 mm | 22.2 grams (containing 19.98 grams of silver) | 2.1 mm | .900 silver and .100 copper | The Director's mark, the Horn of Plenty, and the Master Engraver's mark, the Dolphin, appear under the word 100 Francs. | Monnaie de Paris |
- Specifications
| Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish | Mintage | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A downhill skier with a view of Mont Blanc in the background, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Guy Brun | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 100 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1989 (June) | Proof | Proof: 300,000 | $43 (US), $47 (Cdn) |
| A pair of figure skaters on the Lac Bourget, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Georges Yoldjoglou | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 100 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1989 (June) | Proof | 300,000 | $43 (US), $47 (Cdn) |
| A speed skater, an animal of Savoie (the Marmot), the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 100 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1990 (January) | Proof | 300,000 | $43 (US), $47 (Cdn) |
| A bobsleigh and a luge of the “Belle Epqoue”, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 100 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1990 (January) | Proof | 300,000 | $45 (US), $49 (Cdn) |
| A freestyle skier, a chamois (goat), the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 100 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1990 (June) | Proof | 300,000 | $45 (US), $49 (Cdn) |
| A slalom skier and a slalom skier of the “Belle Epoque”, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 100 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1990 (June) | Proof | 300,000 | $45 (US), $49 (Cdn) |
| Ice hockey players with an ibex (ram), the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 100 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1991 (January) | Proof | 300,000 | $45 (US), $49 (Cdn) |
| A cross-country skier with a view of the Chateau of the Dukes of Savoie, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 100 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1991 (January) | Proof | 300,000 | $45 (US), $49 (Cdn) |
| A ski jumper with a ski jumper of the “Belle Epoque” in the background, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Georges Yoldjoglou | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 100 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1991 (January) | Proof | 300,000 | $45 (US), $49 (Cdn) |
500 Francs
- Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mint Mark | Struck by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31 mm | 17 grams (containing ½ Troy ounce of Gold) | 1.5 mm | .920 silver and .080 copper | The Director's mark, the Horn of Plenty, and the Master Engraver's mark, the Dolphin, appear under the word 500 Francs. | Monnaie de Paris |
- Specifications
| Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish | Mintage | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A downhill skier with a view of Mont Blanc in the background, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Guy Brun | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1989 (June) | Proof | Proof: 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
| A pair of figure skaters on the Lac Bourget, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Georges Yoldjoglou | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1989 (June) | Proof | 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
| A speed skater, an animal of Savoie (the Marmot), the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1990 (January) | Proof | 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
| A bobsleigh and a luge of the “Belle Epqoue”, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1990 (January) | Proof | 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
| A freestyle skier, a chamois (goat), the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1990 (June) | Proof | 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
| A slalom skier and a slalom skier of the “Belle Epoque”, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1990 (June) | Proof | 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
| Ice hockey players with an ibex (ram), the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1991 (January) | Proof | 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
| A cross-country skier with a view of the Chateau of the Dukes of Savoie, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Joaquin Jimenez | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1991 (January) | Proof | 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
| A ski jumper with a ski jumper of the “Belle Epoque” in the background, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Georges Yoldjoglou | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1991 (January) | Proof | 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
| Pierre Baron de Coubertin, a Greek column on the left, RF, the legend: “République Française”, and the artist's name | Georges Yoldjoglou | The Olympic emblem of Albertville, the legend: XVIes Jeux Olympiques d’Hiver, the year 1989 and 500 Francs | Mint Engravers | Lettering on a plain edge: Liberté Fraternité Egalité | 1991 | Proof | 30,000 | $440 (US), $515 (Cdn) |
1998 Nagano Olympics
Series One
| Year | Composition | Weight | Diameter | Sport |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | Gold | 15.6 grams | 26 mm | Skiing |
| 1997 | Silver | 15 grams | 30 mm | Hockey |
| 1997 | Nickel | 7.2 grams | 26.5 mm | Snowboarding |
Series Two
| Year | Composition | Weight | Diameter | Sport |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | Gold | 15.6 grams | 26 mm | Figure Skating |
| 1997 | Silver | 15 grams | 30 mm | Biathlon |
| 1997 | Nickel | 7.2 grams | 26.5 mm | Snowboarding |
Series Three
| Year | Composition | Weight | Diameter | Sport |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1998 | Gold | 15.6 grams | 26 mm | Speed Skating |
| 1998 | Silver | 15 grams | 30 mm | Ski Jumping |
| 1998 | Nickel | 7.2 grams | 26.5 mm | Freestyle Skiing |
2002 Salt Lake City Olympics
One Dollar
Due to the abject failure of the 1996 program, this year's coins were limited to one silver and one gold piece each.
| Year | Composition | Theme | Mintage | US Mint Facility | Engraver | Obverse Design | Designer | Reverse Design |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | Silver | Salt Lake City Olympics | 400,000 | Philadelphia, PA (Proof/Uncirculated) | John Mercanti | Crystal Emblem superimposed on top of the Games' secondary identity mark entitled: "Rhythm of the Land." | Donna Weaver | Salt Lake City skyline with the Rocky Mountains in the background. |
Five Dollars
| Year | Composition | Theme | Mintage | US Mint Facility | Engraver | Obverse Design | Designer | Reverse Design |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | Gold | Salt Lake City Olympics | 80,000 | West Point, NY (Proof/Uncirculated) | Donna Weaver | Crystal Emblem superimposed on top of the Games' secondary identity mark entitled: "Rhythm of the Land." | Donna Weaver | Olympic flame in relief atop a cauldron. |
2006 Turin Games
A total of 11 coins were minted for the Turin Olympic Games. There were five gold coins and six silver coins. The Silver coins feature the complete line-up of sterling silver coins that have been issued by the Italian State Mint (IPZS) to highlight six of the major disciplines that will be held during the XX Olympic Winter Games Torino 2006. Each coin is struck in proof finish.[10]
Base Metal Coins
| Image | Dimensions | Feature | Volume | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diameter: 25.75mm Thickness:2.20mm Mass: 8.5g | 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin | 40 million coins | First date of issue: 10 January 2006 First date of circulation: 10 February 2006[11] | |
| Description: The coin depicts a racing skier and the visitor attraction of Turin, the Mole Antonelliana (which incidentally is also depicted on the Italian 2 cent coin), together with a large number of inscriptions: above the skier's head, GIOCHI INVERNALI (Winter Games); below the tower, the name of the host city TORINO; beside the skier's left[12] thigh, the engraver's initials (MCC); also to the left[12] of the skier, the year mark (written vertically); and finally, to the left[12] of the tower, the monogram of the Italian Republic (RI) and the mint mark (R). The twelve stars of the European Union surround the design on the outer ring of the coin.[13] | ||||
Silver Coins
Five Euros
| Composition | Finish | Weight (g) | Diameter (mm) | Reverse | Obverse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| .925 sterling silver | Proof | 18 g | 32 mm | The stylized silhouette of the Mole Antonelliana, Turin's tower landmark | Figure skating, ski jumping and cross-country skiing |
Ten Euros
| Composition | Finish | Weight (g) | Diameter (mm) | Reverse | Obverse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| .925 sterling silver | Proof | 22 g | 34 mm | The stylized silhouette of the Mole Antonelliana, Turin's tower landmark | Alpine skiing, speed skating and ice hockey |
Gold Coin
Fifty Euros
| Composition | Finish | Weight (g) | Diameter (mm) | Reverse | Obverse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| .900 gold | Proof | 16.129 g | 28 mm | The stylized silhouette of the Mole Antonelliana, Turin's tower landmark | Torch Relay |
2010 Vancouver Olympics
The Royal Canadian Mint held a press conference in Calgary, Alberta to announce the release of the Vancouver Olympic commemorative coins. The newest denomination for the Vancouver Olympic coins is twenty-five dollars.[14] The twenty-five dollar coins are the first Modern Olympic coins ever to have a hologram on the reverse. The RCM plans to release 12 twenty-five dollar coins, 10 seventy-five dollar coins, 3 14-karat coins, and 4 one kilogram coins (two in silver, two in gold).[15]
With regards to the circulation coins, one of the novelties is that D.G. Regina will be removed from the Queen's effigy, making the 25-cent coins the first "godless circulating coins" since the 1911 issue of King George V.[16] The first circulating $1 coin will be dated 2008 but the obverse will be the standard effigy of Queen Elizabeth II by Susanna Blunt with the wording "ELIZABETH II" and "D.G. REGINA" with the Circle M privy mark.[16]
Twenty-Five Cents
Specifications
| Years | Weight | Diameter/Shape | Composition |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2007–present | 4.4 g | 23.88 mm | 94.0% steel, 3.8% copper, 2.2% nickel plating |
There have been a couple of circulation mules in this series. 2007 Paralympic wheelchair curling and 2009 bobsleigh
Details
| Date of Issue | Sport | Artist | Mintage |
|---|---|---|---|
| February 24, 2007 | Curling | Glen Green | 22,000,000 |
| April 4, 2007 | Ice Hockey | Glen Green | 22,000,000 |
| July 11, 2007 | Wheelchair curling | Glen Green | 22,000,000 |
| September 12, 2007 | Biathlon | Glen Green | 22,000,000 |
| October 24, 2007 | Alpine Skiing | Glen Green | 22,000,000 |
| February 20, 2008 | Snowboarding | Glen Green | 22,000,000 |
| April 16, 2008 | Freestyle Skiing | Glen Green | 22,000,000 |
| November 18, 2008 | Figure Skating | G.G. | TBD |
| January 15, 2009 | Cross Country Skiing | G.G. | TBD |
| March 12, 2009 | Speed Skating | TBD | TBD |
| June 23, 2009 | Bobsleigh | G.G. | TBD |
| September, 2009 | Men's Ice Hockey | Jason Bouwman[17] | 29,000,000 |
| November, 2009 | Women's Ice Hockey | Jason Bouwman | 29,000,000 |
| January, 2010 | Cindy Klassen | S.B. & RCM engravers | TBD |
| March, 2010 | Ice sledge hockey | G.G. | TBD |
Mascot Coins
| Year | Mascot | Diameter | Weight | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Miga | 23.88mm | 4.4 g | $15.95 |
| 2008 | Quatchi | 23.88mm | 4.4 g | $15.95 |
| 2008 | Sumi | 23.88mm | 4.4 g | $15.95 |
One Dollar
| Date of Issue | Theme | Artist | Mintage |
|---|---|---|---|
| February 15, 2010 | Innukshuk | ||
Twenty-Five Dollars
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Twenty-Five Dollars | Curling | Steve Hepburn | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | February 23, 2007 | Proof with selective hologram on the reverse |
| Twenty-Five Dollars | Ice Hockey | Steve Hepburn | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | April 4, 2007 | Proof with selective hologram on the reverse |
| Twenty-Five Dollars | Athlete's Pride | Shelagh Armstrong | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | July 11, 2007 | Proof with selective hologram on the reverse |
| Twenty-Five Dollars | Biathlon | Bonnie Ross | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | September 12, 2007 | Proof with selective hologram on the reverse |
| Twenty-Five Dollars | Alpine Skiing | Brian Hughes | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | October 24, 2007 | Proof with selective hologram on the reverse |
| Twenty-Five Dollars | Snowboarding | Steve Hepburn | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | February 20, 2008 | Proof with selective hologram on the reverse |
| Twenty-Five Dollars | Freestyle Skiing | John Mardon | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | April 16, 2008 | Proof with selective hologram on the reverse |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mm | 27.78 grams | N/A | .925 silver and .075 copper | 45,000 | No Mint marks | Royal Canadian Mint | $69.95 |
Seventy-Five Dollars
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seventy-Five Dollars | An officer of the RCMP mounted on a horse. | Cecily Mok | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | February 24, 2007 | Proof with selective colouring on the reverse |
| Seventy-Five Dollars | Two athletes holding a Canadian flag. | Shelagh Armstrong | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | July 11, 2007 | Proof with selective colouring on the reverse |
| Seventy-Five Dollars | Canada Geese | Kerri Burnett | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | October 24, 2007 | Proof with selective colouring on the reverse |
| Seventy-Five Dollars | Four Host First Nations mask | Jody Broomfeld | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | February 20, 2008 | Proof with selective colouring on the reverse |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27 mm | 12 grams | N/A | 58.33% gold and 41.67% silver | 8,000 | No Mint marks | Royal Canadian Mint | $389.95 |
Two Hundred and Fifty Dollars
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Two Hundred and Fifty Dollars | Images of Canada prior to European settlement. | Stanley Witten | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Plain | February 24, 2007 | Proof |
| Two Hundred and Fifty Dollars | Images of Canada in the 16th century. | Susan Taylor | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Plain | March 20, 2008 | Proof |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 101.6 mm | 1 kilogram | N/A | 99.99% silver | 2,500 | No Mint marks | Royal Canadian Mint | $1,299.95 |
Three Hundred Dollars
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Three Hundred Dollars | A diverse group of many faces surrounds the outer ring of the coin while the inner core of the coin features the Olympic Torch and the images of Greek gods. | Laurie McGaw (outer ring), David Craig (inner core) | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | February 24, 2007 | Proof |
| Three Hundred Dollars | A diverse group of many faces surrounds the outer ring of the coin while the inner core of the coin features the Olympic Torch and the images of skiers and a speed skater. | Laurie McGaw (outer ring), David Craig (inner core) | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Serrated | February 20, 2008 | Proof |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 mm | 60 grams | N/A | 58.33% gold and 41.67% silver | 2,500 | No Mint marks | Royal Canadian Mint | $1,499.95 |
Two Thousand Five Hundred Dollars
Specifications
| Denomination | Reverse Design | Artist | Obverse Design | Artist | Edge | Date of Issue | Finish |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Two Thousand Five Hundred Dollars | Images of Canada prior to European settlement. | Stanley Witten | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Plain | 2007 | Proof |
| Two Thousand Five Hundred Dollars | Images of Canada in the 16th century. | Susan Taylor | The image of Queen Elizabeth II plus Innukshuk, the logo of the 2010 Games | Susanna Blunt | Plain | March 20, 2008 | Proof |
Dimensions
| Diameter | Weight | Thickness | Composition | Mintage | Mint Mark | Struck by | Issue Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 101.6 mm | 1 kilogram | N/A | 99.99% gold | 20 | No Mint marks | Royal Canadian Mint | $36,000.00 |
Bullion Coins
The Royal Canadian Mint and the International Olympic Committee have reached an agreement on Olympic Gold and Silver Maple Leaf coins. The announcement was made on August 3, 2007 and the agreement allows the RCM to strike bullion coins with the emblems of the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Games.[18] The issue will consist of two coins: one Gold Maple Leaf coin and a Canadian Silver Maple Leaf coin and both coins will feature the date of 2008. The new agreement means that the RCM is now selling Olympic coins through all of its major business lines: bullion, circulation, numismatics.[18]
| Year of issue | Diameter | Theme |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | 38 mm | Innukshuk |
| 2009 | 38 mm | Raven |
| 2010 | 38 mm | Ice hockey |
2014 Sochi Olympics
Commemorative Coins of Base Metals
Specifications
| Years | Weight | Diameter/Shape | Composition | Denomination |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011–2013 | 10.00 g | 27.00 mm | cupro-nickel | 25 rubles |
Details
| Year of Issue | Obverse | Reverse | Artist | Mintage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2011 | In the center is the relief image of the National Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation. Above is the semicircular inscription along the rim, stating "РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ", framed on both sides by ornamental elements of doubled rhombuses. In the lower part of the disc, at the edge - the horizontal inscription: "25 РУБЛЕЙ" (25 RUBLES) and the date: "2011 г." (2011) under it, over it to the right - the mint trade mark. | In the central part of the disc against the background of a mountain - the horizontal inscription: "sochi.ru", under it on the section of the shade cast by the mountain - the date: "2014" and five Olympic rings. | E.V. Kramskaya (obverse), A.D, Schablykin (reverse). | 9750000 |
| 2012 | In the center is the relief image of the National Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation. Over it along the rim is the semicircular inscription: "РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ" (THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION). Under the coat of arms, in two lines are the denomination of the coin: "25 РУБЛЕЙ" (25 RUBLES) and the year of issue: "2012 г." (2012). To the right is the trade mark of the Saint Petersburg Mint. | The relief images of three mascots and the Emblem of the XXII Olympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi. | E.V. Kramskaya (obverse), A.A. Brynza (reverse). | 9750000 |
| 2013 | In the center is the relief image of the National Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation. Over it along the rim is the semicircular inscription: "РОССИЙСКАЯ ФЕДЕРАЦИЯ" (THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION). Under the coat of arms, in two lines are the denomination of the coin: "25 РУБЛЕЙ" (25 RUBLES) and the year of issue: "2013 г." (2013). To the right is the trade mark of the Saint Petersburg Mint. | The relief images of two mascots and the Emblem of the XI Olympic Winter Games of 2014 in Sochi. | E.V. Kramskaya (obverse) | 9750000 |
Commemorative Coins of Precious Metals
Investment Coins
2018 PyeongChang Olympics
Commemorative coins of base metals
| Years | Weight | Diameter/Shape | Composition | Denomination |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2016-2017 | 26 g. | 40mm/Circular | Brass | 1,000 won |
References
- 1 2 3 Coins of the Modern Olympic Games, Volume 1, Michele Menard, page 8, ISBN 1-895321-00-X
- ↑ Coins of the Modern Olympic Games, Volume 1, Michele Menard, page 56, ISBN 1-895321-00-X
- ↑ Coins of the Modern Olympic Games, Michèle Ménard, p. 77, 1991, ISBN 1-895321-00-X
- ↑ Coins of the Modern Olympic Games, Michèle Ménard, p. 79, 1991, ISBN 1-895321-00-X
- 1 2 Coins of the Modern Olympic Games, Volume 1, Michelle Menard, p. 166, ISBN 1-895321-00-X
- ↑ Charlton Standard Catalogue of Canadian Coins, 60th Edition, W.K. Cross, 2006. p.354, ISBN 0-88968-297-6
- ↑ Coins of the Modern Olympic Games, p. 238, Michèle Ménard, 1991, ISBN 1-895321-00-X
- ↑ Chinagoldcoin.net
- ↑ The United States Mint Historical Image Library
- ↑ "Canadian Coins | Circulation, Collecting Coins & Coin Sets | the Royal Canadian Mint".
- ↑ "The Euro — €2 Commemorative Design 2006 — Italy". 2007-04-07. Retrieved 2007-04-07.
- 1 2 3 In heraldry, directions are often described as they would appear to the bearer of a coat of arms, rather than as they would appear to the viewer. Therefore, the following descriptions will use "facing to the left" when it would appear to the layman that the person depicted is facing to the right.
- ↑ "OJ 2006/C 33/05" (PDF). Official Journal of the European Union. 9 February 2006.
- ↑ "Olympic commems to sport $25 face, Bret Evans, Canadian Coin News, January 9 to 22, 2007
- ↑ Royal Canadian Mint website, Path: www.mint.ca, The Royal Canadian Mint, News, News Releases, Date: February 21, 2007
- 1 2 “14 circulating coins included in 2010 Olympic program”, Bret Evans, Canadian Coin News, January 23 to February 5, 2007 issue of Canadian Coin News
- ↑ "ROYAL CANADIAN MINT RELEASES 25-CENT COIN CELEBRATING Men's HOCKEY | the Royal Canadian Mint".
- 1 2 “Maples will sport Olympic Rings”, Bret Evans, Canadian Coin News, September 4 to September 17, 2007
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