Women were first allowed to vote at the federal level in Canada in the 1917 general election in connection with military service, and were allowed to vote under the same conditions as men beginning on May 24, 1918. The next four elections saw only one woman elected: Agnes Macphail. The 1936 election saw two women in the House together for the first time. A by-election in 1941 saw a woman elected to the governing caucus for the first time. The 22nd federal election in 1953 was a slight breakthrough, electing four women, which was 1.5% of the House. Every Parliament thenafter would have at least two women at a time, except for the 28th Parliament from 1968 to 1972, in which Grace MacInnis was the only woman. Then 30th Parliament, elected in 1974, was another breakthrough, containing nine women MPs following the general election and rising to ten due to a by-election in 1976. The number of women in the House would not fall below ten again.

Meanwhile, in the Senate, Cairine Wilson was appointed as the first woman Senator in 1930. Additional women were added every few years, but it was not until two appointments in March 1979 that the Senate would even have ten women serving simultaneously.

Members of the House of Commons

Parliament House members Party Riding
28th Parliament of Canada
0.4% women MPs		 Grace MacInnis   New Democrat Vancouver Kingsway, BC
29th Parliament of Canada
1.9% women MPs		 Monique Bégin   Liberal Saint-Michel, QC
Flora MacDonald   Progressive Conservative Kingston and the Islands, ON
Grace MacInnis   New Democrat Vancouver Kingsway, BC
Albanie Morin   Liberal Louis-Hébert, QC
Jeanne Sauvé   Liberal Ahuntsic, QC
30th Parliament of Canada
3.8% women MPs		 Ursula Appolloni   Liberal York South, ON
Monique Bégin   Liberal Saint-Michel, QC
Iona Campagnolo   Liberal Skeena, BC
Coline Campbell   Liberal South Western Nova, NS
Simma Holt   Liberal Vancouver Kingsway, BC
Flora MacDonald   Progressive Conservative Kingston and the Islands, ON
Albanie Morin   Liberal Louis-Hébert, QC
Aideen Nicholson   Liberal Trinity, ON
Jean Pigott*   Progressive Conservative Ottawa—Carleton, ON
Jeanne Sauvé   Liberal Ahuntsic, QC
31st Parliament of Canada
3.5% women MPs		 Ursula Appolloni   Liberal York South—Weston, ON
Monique Bégin   Liberal Saint-Léonard—Anjou, QC
Céline Hervieux-Payette   Liberal Mercier, QC
Pauline Jewett   NDP New Westminster—Coquitlam, BC
Marie Thérèse Killens   Liberal Saint-Michel, QC
Flora MacDonald   Progressive Conservative Kingston and the Islands, ON
Margaret Mitchell   NDP Vancouver East, BC
Aideen Nicholson   Liberal Trinity, ON
Jeanne Sauvé   Liberal Laval-des-Rapides, QC
Diane Stratas   Progressive Conservative Scarborough Centre, ON
32nd Parliament of Canada
5.6% women MPs		 Ursula Appolloni   Liberal York South-Weston, ON
Suzanne Beauchamp-Niquet   Liberal Roberval, QC
Monique Bégin   Liberal Saint-Michel, QC
Coline Campbell   Liberal South West Nova, NS
Pat Carney   Progressive Conservative Vancouver Centre, BC
Eva Côté   Liberal Rimouski, QC
Judy Erola   Liberal Nickel Belt, ON
Céline Hervieux-Payette   Liberal Mercier, QC
Pauline Jewett   NDP New Westminster—Coquitlam, BC
Marie Thérèse Killens   Liberal Saint-Michel, QC
Flora MacDonald   Progressive Conservative Kingston and the Islands, ON
Lynn McDonald*   NDP Broadview—Greenwood, ON
Margaret Mitchell   NDP Vancouver East, BC
Aideen Nicholson   Liberal Trinity, ON
Jeanne Sauvé   Liberal Ahuntsic, QC

* By by-election.

Senators

Senator Parliaments Appointed on the advice of Term Designation Party
Margaret Jean Anderson30th–34thTrudeau, P.1978.03.23 - 1990.08.07Northumberland-Miramichi, NB  Liberal
Ann Bell28th–34thTrudeau, P.1970.10.07 - 1989.11.29Nanaimo-Malaspina, BC  Liberal
Martha Bielish31st–34thClark1979.09.27 - 1990.09.26Lakeland, AB  Progressive Conservative
Florence Bayard Bird30th–32ndTrudeau, P.1978.03.23 - 1983.01.15Carleton, ON  Liberal
Thérèse Casgrain28thTrudeau, P.1970.10.07 - 1971.07.10Mille Isles, QC  Independent
Anne Cools32nd–Trudeau, P.1984.01.13 -Toronto Centre-York, ON  Liberal (until 2004)
Joyce Fairbairn32nd–34thTrudeau, P.1984.06.29 - 2013.01.18Lethbridge, AB  Liberal
Iva Campbell Fallis17th–22ndBennett1935.07.20 - 1956.03.07Peterborough, ON  Conservative
Muriel McQueen Fergusson21st–29thSt. Laurent1953.05.19 - 1975.05.23Fredericton, NB  Liberal
Nancy Hodges22nd–26thSt. Laurent1953.11.05 - 1965.06.12Victoria, BC  Liberal
Florence Elsie Inman22nd–33rdSt. Laurent1955.07.28 - 1986.05.31Murray Harbour, PE  Liberal
Olive Lillian Irvine24th–28thDiefenbaker1960.01.14 - 1969.11.01Lisgar, MB  Progressive Conservative
Marianna Beauchamp Jodoin21st–27thSt. Laurent1953.05.19 - 1975.05.23Saurel, QC  Liberal
Mary Elizabeth Kinnear27th–29thPearson1967.04.06 - 1973.04.03Welland, ON  Liberal
Renaude Lapointe28th–33rdTrudeau, P.1971.11.10 - 1987.01.03Mille Isles, QC  Liberal
Lorna Marsden32nd–34thTrudeau, P.1984.01.24 - 1992.08.31Toronto Centre-York, Ontario  Liberal
Joan Neiman28th–36thTrudeau, P.1972.09.01 - 1995.09.09Peel, ON  Liberal
Margaret Norrie28th–32ndTrudeau, P.1972.04.27 - 1980.10.16Colchester-Cumberland, NS  Liberal
Josie Alice Quart24th–28thDiefenbaker1960.01.14 - 1969.11.01Victoria, QC  Progressive Conservative
Yvette Boucher Rousseau30th–33rdTrudeau, P.1979.03.27 - 1988.03.17De Salaberry, QC  Liberal
Cairine Wilson16th–24thKing1930.02.15 - 1962.03.03Rockcliffe, ON  Liberal
Dalia Wood30th–36thTrudeau, P.1979.03.26 - 1999.01.31Montarville, QC  Liberal

See also

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