John McLaren Park


Aerial views of San Francisco from the southeast (2011)
Top: McLaren Park is the forested area in the left-middle. Other landmarks include Bayview Park and Candlestick Park in the center foreground, Sutro Tower in the center background, and the Golden Gate Bridge in the right background.
Bottom: Cropped to focus on McLaren Park
John McLaren Park is located in Bayview-Hunters Point
John McLaren Park
John McLaren Park
John McLaren Park is located in San Francisco County
John McLaren Park
John McLaren Park
TypeMunicipal (San Francisco)
LocationSan Francisco
Coordinates37°43′05″N 122°25′09″W / 37.7180842°N 122.4190721°W / 37.7180842; -122.4190721
Area313 acres (1.27 km2; 0.489 sq mi)
Created1926
StatusOpen all year, 5 A.M. to midnight
(Restrooms open 8 A.M. to 5:30 P.M.)
Public transit access 29, 54, 56, 8X, 8BX
Websitesfrecpark.org/destination/john-mclaren-park/

John McLaren Park is a park in southeastern San Francisco. At 312.54 acres (126.48 ha), McLaren Park is the third largest park in San Francisco by area, after Golden Gate Park and the Presidio. The park is surrounded mostly by the Excelsior, Crocker-Amazon, Visitacion Valley, Portola and University Mound neighborhoods.

History

John McLaren Park was once a part of Rancho Cañada de Guadalupe la Visitación y Rodeo Viejo,[1] an 1840 land grant which included much of present-day San Bruno Mountain, the city of Brisbane, Guadalupe Valley, and Visitacion Valley. The then-governor of Mexico (including present-day California), Juan Bautista Alvarado, granted what is now known as John McLaren Park to the local authorities in 1840.[2]

Daniel Burnham's proposed plan for San Francisco from September 1905.

In 1905, subdivisions of the land grant were drawn up and Daniel Burnham issued the Burnham Plan for San Francisco, which recommended that the land where John McLaren and Bayview Parks are today should be reserved for park use,[2][3][4] as residents in the southern part of the city were considered inadequately served by access to park space.[5] Burnham's Report called for several parks near Visitacion Valley, including one he named Visitacion Park, which would become Bayview Park and Candlestick Point State Recreation Area; and one he named University Mound Park, which occupied part of the land that would later become John McLaren Park.[4] In the wake of the 1906 earthquake and fire, rather than implement Burnham's plan, city officials expediently rebuilt the city using the grids that had been previously laid out.[6]

The Board of Supervisors adopted Resolution No. 26241, New Series on October 4, 1926 (approved Oct 15) directing the purchase of 550 acres (220 ha) for a park planned to be named Mission Park,[7] with plans for an 18-hole golf course, equestrian trails, playing fields, and a possible relocation of the City Zoo.[3] The Board would rename the planned park in honor of John McLaren's service to the city on November 29, 1926,[7] and McLaren celebrated the dedication of the park in 1927,[1] during a December tree-planting ceremony Boy Scouts participated in the planting of three separate plantings called “Memorial Redwood Groves.”. The widow of Luther Burbank donated ten four-year-old walnut trees to the children of the city. These trees, the first to be planted at McLaren Park, were intended to serve as the nucleus of a planned orchard of fruit and nut-bearing trees.[8]

However, a US$2,000,000 (equivalent to $34,090,000 in 2022) bond measure to raise funds for the full 550-acre (220 ha) area of the park failed to pass in the November 1928 election,[7] and the San Francisco Board of Supervisors would scale back the planned park size while acquiring properties from 1928 to 1946.[1][3] In 1932, the Park Commission recommended a reduced park size of 428 acres (173 ha).[9] Additional recommendations for final park size in 1944 varied from 283 to 413 acres (115 to 167 ha), and the land acquired by the time the Master Plan was published in November 1944 was 222 acres (90 ha)[9] at a total cost of US$720,000 (equivalent to $11,969,000 in 2022).[7] Several areas in the original 550-acre proposed park area were used to build the School and Convent of the Good Shepherd of San Francisco (the school, which was operated from 1932 to 1977, was later known as University Mound High School and served 'delinquent' girls),[10] the Lick Home (later known as the University Mound Ladies Home, which opened as the Lick Old Ladies Home in a different location in 1884 and housed "elderly women of modest means" until 2014),[11] the University Mound reservoirs, the Sunnydale Housing Project, and the Crocker Amazon Playground.[7]

The Works Progress Administration was responsible for the construction of a scenic drive in the 1930s.[3] At that time, the park also featured a stable and equestrian trails, but horseback riding within the park was later discontinued due to the difficulty of maintaining a separate set of equestrian trails.[12] The current 318-acre (129 ha) park boundaries were established in 1946.[3] A City Planning Department report, issued in 1950, recommended construction of a segment of the planned Crosstown Freeway, which was built as Mansell Street between Brazil Avenue and San Bruno Avenue; however, once Interstate 280 was completed, the Crosstown Freeway was cancelled.[3] The park expanded to its present size in 1958 through land purchases.[2]

Many of the present-day playgrounds, golf course, and hiking trails were added between 1950 and 1980. A draft master plan was prepared in 1983, updated in 1988, and issued in 1996, following a 1987 bond passed by San Francisco voters to allocate $2.4 million for major park improvements.[13] The McLaren Park Vision Plan was approved by the Recreation and Parks Commission in 2017.[14] Improvements associated with the plan include building the Redwood Grove Playground, Jerry Garcia Amphitheater improvements, renovation of McLaren Park Community Gardens, and adding a restroom at the Group Picnic area.[14] The park is currently the second-largest park in the city's Recreation and Park Department system.[15]

Public safety

In 1981, a San Francisco Examiner article headlined "McLaren Park: great potential, much trash" highlighted its crime statistics, which had included two murders, six rapes and 18 car thefts in 1980.[16] In 2004, the San Francisco Chronicle noted the park's "disrepute despite the view", with stories about crimes "keep[ing] visitors away."[17] In 2013, the San Francisco Chronicle's urban design critic John King discussed community efforts to revive the park, which "not long ago was known within the city primarily for crime".[16] Perhaps due to its past infamy and resulting discouragement of visitors, the park boasts the largest grasslands left in San Francisco.[17] In recent years the park has seen many positive improvements, and, as happens in Golden Gate Park, has had a few murders occurring in its less-frequented areas.[18][19][20]

Amenities and features

🌍
Selected locations in and near John McLaren Park, San Francisco 
  •  Recreational facilities 
  •  Performing arts 
  •  Trails 
  •  Water features 
  •  Housing 

1
Gleneagles Golf Course
2
Herz Playground & Coffman Pool
3
Jerry Garcia Amphitheatre
4
La Grande Tank
5
Louis Sutter Playground & McNab Lake
6
Mansfield-Burrows Playground
7
Philosopher's Way trailhead
8
Wilde Reservoir Overlook
9
Yosemite Marsh
10
Crocker-Amazon Playground
11
Sunnydale housing development

Coffman Pool, McLaren Park's first recreation facility, was constructed in the southeast corner of the park in 1958.[3] A master plan for the park was published in 1959 which called for the creation of more recreational facilities, including a 9-hole golf course (later named the Gleneagles Golf Course), overnight campsites, picnic areas, trails, a nursery, two lakes, and parking areas.[3]

Construction of the facilities included in the 1959 Master Plan (The Gleneagles Golf Course, McNab Lake, Louis Sutter, Herz, and Mansfield-Burrows Playground, the Wilde Overlook, and the amphitheater—later to be renamed the Jerry Garcia Amphitheater) began in the 1960s, and also included new trails, picnic and parking areas, community gardens, and an irrigation system.[3]

Before 1978, McLaren Park only had eight picnic tables.[21] Later construction contracts included the addition of more picnic tables and large group picnic areas.[21] Similarly, before 1977, the park only had 1.6 miles (2.6 km) of improved trails, including sidewalks; 6.6 miles (10.6 km) of trails were added by 1997, mostly following contour lines to limit path grades and the park could be fully circumnavigated by foot.[12]

Even in San Francisco, a city considered hilly, McLaren Park stands out with some of the hilliest terrain in the city. Only 19% of its area consists of slopes of 0-10% grade, considered easily buildable. Slopes of 10-25% grade occupy half its area, and slopes over 25% grade occupy the remaining area (more than one-third of the total area).[22] The original 1926 proposed park of 550 acres (220 ha) had approximately 40% of its area with gentle slopes.[5]

Gleneagles Golf Course

The 9-hole golf course was completed in 1961.[3] It occupies 60 acres (24 ha) and is operated by a leaseholder.[21]

Herz Playground

Herz Playground, near Coffman Pool in the southeastern corner of the park, was completed in 1965.[3]

Jerry Garcia Amphitheater (2021)

Jerry Garcia Amphitheatre

The San Francisco Recreation Department constructed a multi-purpose outdoor amphitheatre in the center of McLaren Park in 1970 and named it the McLaren Park Amphitheatre;[23] In 2005, it was renamed the Jerry Garcia Amphitheater, after the member of the rock band Grateful Dead, who had grown up not far from the park, at 87 Harrington Street.[23] At the time, it had a capacity of 2000 seats.[23]

La Grande Tank in the northwestern corner of the park.

La Grande Tank

La Grande Tank is a prominent blue 350,000-US-gallon (1,300,000 L; 290,000 imp gal) water tank on the western edge of the park, visible from Interstate 280 and the Excelsior neighborhood.[24] It was built in 1956[25] and stands 80 feet (24 m) tall.[24] During the seismic upgrades performed in 2006, money was set aside to improve what became the Philosopher's Way trail.[25]

Philosopher's Way

A 2.7-mile (4.3 km) loop trail around the perimeter of the park called Philosopher's Way was dedicated on 5 January 2013.[26] The US$146,000 (equivalent to $183,000 in 2022) trail, funded as a public art set-aside by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, offers views of Mount Diablo, Mount Tamalpais, Angel Island, and the Pacific Ocean on a clear day.[26] It was co-designed by artists Peter Richards and Susan Schwatzenberg[2][27] and features fourteen stone markers by mason George Gonzalez intended as "musing stations" to stimulate contemplation.[2][26]

McNab Lake with Playground

Louis Sutter Playground

Louis Sutter Playground, near McNab Lake in the northeastern corner of the park, was completed in 1965.[3]

Mansell Street

Mansell Street was a four-lane divided road running east–west across McLaren Park, roughly dividing it into northern and southern halves. It was completed in 1963[3] and had been used as a shortcut to Candlestick Point and occasional street-racing dragstrip,[17] but it was reconstructed as a two-lane road during the Mansell Street Corridor Improvement Project, a US$6,800,000 (equivalent to $8,400,000 in 2022) construction job lasting one year.[28] One side of the road was rebuilt as a dedicated pedestrian and bicycle path, and crosswalks with bright flashing beacons were added to major intersections,[28] allowing foot traffic between the north and south halves of the park.[29]

Mansell Street through McLaren Park is significantly wider than the city streets it connects with on the western and eastern edges of the park. It was designed and constructed as a segment of the planned Crosstown Freeway which never came to fruition in the wake of the San Francisco Freeway Revolts.[29]

Mansfield-Burrows Playground

Mansfield-Burrows Playground, near La Grande Tank in the northwestern corner of the park, was added in 1978.[3]

Wilde Overlook Tower in the eastern part of the park is currently closed.

Wilde Reservoir Overlook

The Wilde Reservoir Overlook, on the eastern edge of the park at the intersection of Mansell Street and Visitacion Avenue, was completed and opened to the public in 1981.[22] The Wilde Reservoir was used to store tap water for the City of San Francisco, but after its abandonment, was used as a nocturnal dumping ground for trash.[30] The old walls of the reservoir were retained as a viewing platform and a 35-foot (11 m) tall tower was built in the center of it.[30] However, as of 2013 the tower had remained padlocked and closed to the public since at least the late 1990s.[16]

Yosemite Marsh

In the northeast corner of the park is Yosemite Marsh, a habitat for native species that include the forktail damselfly and flowering quillwort. Named a "significant natural resource area" by the city in 1995, the marsh marks the origin of Yosemite Creek, a body of water that flows through underground culverts towards Candlestick Point.[31][32]

References

  1. 1 2 3 sflinlad (30 August 2016). "McLaren Park History [blog]". McLaren Park Collaborative. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Cindy (22 November 2012). "Philosophers Walk on the Top of the World". Art and Architecture SF [blog]. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 John McLaren Park Master Plan (PDF) (Report). Recreation and Park Department, City and County of San Francisco. 1997. p. 7. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  4. 1 2 Burnham, Daniel H.; Bennett, Edward H. (September 1905). O'Day, Edward F. (ed.). Report on a plan for San Francisco (Report). Association for the Improvement and Adornment of San Francisco. p. 168. Retrieved 31 January 2017. VISITACION PARK
     It is proposed to acquire land for park purposes on the southern range of hills, as shown. Part of this would be embraced in Visitacion Park.
     This park is to be created in the Bay View District, west of Thirty-third avenue south and east of Railroad avenue. It would include hill and shore and tide lands and would present many attractions. Its special treatment would include tropical planting (which the fine climate makes possible) and the emphasis of its shore scnery. Where it runs to the water edge there should be a yacht harbor, baths, etc.

    UNIVERSITY MOUND PARK
     This park would present equal advantages. It also would admit of a treatment including luxuriant vegetation. Advantage should be taken of the reservoir, which could be used in vista as a mirror for the park.
  5. 1 2 The Master Plan of San Francisco: John McLaren Park — A Report to the Board of Supervisors (Report). San Francisco City Planning Commission. 17 November 1944. p. 3. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  6. ↑ King, John (12 April 2006). "The Great Quake: 1906-2006 / Grand S.F. plans that never came to be". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 The Master Plan of San Francisco (1944), p. 2
  8. ↑ "Christmas Plans Abound Around The Wide World". San Bernardino Sun. 17 December 1927. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
  9. 1 2 The Master Plan of San Francisco (1944), p. 1
  10. ↑ King, John (11 June 2013). "University Mound, true diversity symbol". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  11. ↑ Dineen, J.K. (9 July 2014). "S.F senior care home to be sold to private school". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 30 January 2017.
  12. 1 2 John McLaren Park Master Plan (1997), p. 17
  13. ↑ John McLaren Park Master Plan (1997), p. 4.
  14. 1 2 "McLaren Park Vision Planning Project | San Francisco Recreation and Parks, CA".
  15. ↑ "McLaren Park | San Francisco Recreation and Parks, CA".
  16. 1 2 3 King, John (25 October 2013). "McLaren Park in S.F. sharpens focus". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2022-10-28.
  17. 1 2 3 Yollin, Patricia (22 May 2004). "MCLAREN PARK / Disrepute despite the view / Postcard vistas, native flora, lake and golf course can't charm reluctant residents into visiting S.F.'s second-biggest park". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2022-10-28.
  18. ↑ Egelko, Bob; Knight, Heather (30 August 2006). "Body of missing infant found in S.F. park; father suspected". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  19. ↑ Williams, Kale (6 August 2015). "Woman arrested in murder of S.F. teen in McLaren Park". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  20. ↑ Sernoffsky, Evan (11 April 2016). "Missing 2-year-old's mom found dead near SF playground". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  21. 1 2 3 John McLaren Park Master Plan (1997), p. 16
  22. 1 2 John McLaren Park Master Plan (1997), p. 8
  23. 1 2 3 Jones, Carolyn (28 October 2005). "EXCELSIOR / Theater gets a musical salute / McLaren Park venue is named for Jerry Garcia". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  24. 1 2 King, John (4 September 2011). "La Grande Tank - visual anchor of Excelsior". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  25. 1 2 Millner, Caille (16 January 2015). "Discovering La Grande Tank in S.F's McLaren Park". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  26. 1 2 3 Kuruvila, Matthai (6 January 2013). "S.F. park trail loop offers great views". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  27. ↑ Todd, Gail (5 June 2013). "Philosopher's Way in McLaren Park". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  28. 1 2 "$6.8M bicycle, pedestrian corridor construction to begin at McLaren Park". San Francisco Examiner. Bay City News. 24 November 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  29. 1 2 Hobbs, Alex (25 November 2015). "McLaren Park's Promenade Breaks Ground". The Portola Planet [blog]. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  30. 1 2 Master Plan for the Development of McLaren Park (Report). Recreation and Park Department, City and County of San Francisco. 1983. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  31. ↑ Kathleen Sullivan (March 4, 2005). "MCLAREN PARK / Competing proposals put forth to preserve marsh". The San Francisco Chronicle.
  32. ↑ Kamiya, Gary. "A Walking Tour of San Francisco's Hidden Waters". San Francisco Magazine. Modern Luxury. Retrieved 2014-03-28.

Bibliography

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