Zhijiang Campus, Zhejiang University
浙江大学之江校区
The Economics Building in 2018
Former name
Hangchow Christian College
Hangchow College
Hangchow University
EstablishedFebruary 1911 (1911-02)
Parent institution
Zhejiang University
Address
51 Zhijiang Road
,
Hangzhou
,
Zhejiang
,
310008
,
China

30°11′42″N 120°07′14″E / 30.19513°N 120.12043°E / 30.19513; 120.12043
Campus43.33 hectares (107.1 acres)
Former Site of Hangchow University
Chinese: 之江大学旧址
Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level
LocationHangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Coordination30°11′42″N 120°07′14″E / 30.19513°N 120.12043°E / 30.19513; 120.12043
Historical eraRepublican era
Batch number6-951
RegisteredMay 25, 2006 (2006-05-25)

Zhijiang Campus is an urban campus of Zhejiang University located in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.[1] Located on riverside of the Qiantang River and close to the Liuhe Pagoda, it was the oldest university campus in Hangzhou.[2] Built as the campus of Hangchow University, one of the oldest Christian colleges and universities in China, most of its buildings are protected as the Hangchow University Historic Site under the list of Major Sites Protected at the National Level. The campus is now home to James D. Watson Institute of Genome Sciences, Guanghua Law School and the Institute for Advanced Study in Humanities and Social Sciences.[3]

History

The planning of the campus began in 1906, in which year, four foreign missionaries of Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, each based in Hangzhou, Ningbo, Shanghai and Suzhou, along with a representative of the faculty of Hangchow Presbyterian College formed a board of directors. The first meeting of the board was held in November, during which the board resolved to build a new campus outside the urban area of Hangzhou. After the meeting, the college slowly purchased the land of the campus, until the construction began in 1909.[4] As a member of the board and a representative of the churn in Hangzhou,[5] John Leighton Stuart was a major participator during planning and construction, along with his family in Hangzhou. His brother Warren Horton Stuart taught at the college and served as the president of the college from 1916 to 1922, who lived in the Paxton Residence on the campus with his family.[2][5]

The construction was finished in two phases. With Phase 1 most finished in the Winter of 1910, Hangchow Presbyterian College moved into the campus from Dataer Lane in the city centre of Hangzhou in February 1911. The Chinese name of the college was changed from Yuying (育英, literally nurturing the elites) to Zhijiang (之江, literally "the river", referring to the Qiantang River that the campus borders) after the relocation. In 1914, the college was renamed as Hangchow Christian College in English. In Chinese, it was renamed as Zhijiang University (之江大学).[4]

After the relocation, new buildings continued to be built in the campus. In 1913, the Philadelphia Observatory was built. A wooden bridge was built over the stream in the campus in 1916. In 1918, the Tooker Memorial Chapel was built, along with the systems of tap water and electricity. As the Sino-Japanese war hit Hangzhou in 1937, the Philadelphia Observatory was destroyed by Japanese bombing and the university moved away from Hangzhou to evade the war. During the wartime period, the campus was in poor maintenance. When the university returned to the campus after the war, a major renovation began in March 1946.[4]

In 1951, the university ceased to operate under the new Communist rule, with the American faculty moving to Hong Kong to found Chung Chi College and the campus taken over by the Department of Culture and Education of Zhejiang Provincial Government. During the 1952 reorganisation of Chinese higher education systems, the university was cancelled, with the campus taken over by Zhejiang Teachers College. In 1958, with the merger of Zhejiang Teachers College and Hangzhou University, the campus was reassigned to the Party School of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of Chinese Communist Party. In 1961, the campus was gained by Zhejiang University. The campus was once renamed as Zhijiang College of Zhejiang University in 1996, but was later renamed as Zhijiang Campus.[4]

In 2002, Zeng Xianzi Teaching Building was built with the 4 million Hong Kong dollar donation from Hong Kong businessman Tsang Hin-chi.[6][7] In 2006, the old buildings built by Hangchow University was listed as a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level by the State Council, with the name Former Site of Hangchow University.[8] In 2007, a major renovation of the campus began.[4]

Architectural designs

The campus was built in Mount Qingwang upon the Qiantang River, with a total area of 650 mu and a total building area of 70,000 m2. Characterised by redbrick buildings, the campus is considered one of the most beautiful university campuses in China.[2] The campus is American styled, with campus buildings adopting both traditional Chinese and western architectural styles and a central garden where Sun Yat-sen made a public speech on 10 December 1912 during his visit to the university. Severance Hall used to have a Chinese-styled rooftop, which was replaced a hip roof in the 1946 renovation.[9] The Paxton Residence and the North Pacific Residence are major residences in the campus, which are characterised by classical architectural features, including round arches, red brick exteriors and an arcade.[5][9] The Tooker Memorial Chapel, a grey neo-Gothic building, was the only religious building in the campus.[2] Zeng Xianzi Teaching Building, designed by the Architectural Design & Research Institute Of Zhejiang University (UAD), used similar red bricks as a major building materials, to mimic the styles of the historical buildings in the campus.[2]

Original English name Chinese names[10][11] Photo Year of establishment Notes[12]
Severance Hall 主楼

(慎思堂)

 1911
Economics Building 经济学馆

(同怀堂、邓祖询纪念馆)

 钟楼（同怀堂），1936年竣工落成 1936 Donated by Sze Yun-ken, a Hangchow alumni and the son of Sze Liang-tsai, a major Chinese journalist murdered by Chiang Kai-shek's henchmen. In Chinese, the building is also known as Deng Zuxun Memorial Hall. Deng Zuxun was a Hangchow student murdered in the same car when Sze Liang-tsai was murdered.
Alumni Library 图书馆 图书馆 1932 Now Guanghua Law School Library
Gamble Hall 1号楼

(东斋、甘卜堂)

 1号楼 1911 Donated by the David B. Gamble family from Cincinnati, Ohio.
Wheeler and Dusenbury Hall 2号楼

(西斋、惠德堂、吴窦堂)

 2号楼 1911 Formerly, boys' residential hall
Tooker Memorial Chapel 小礼堂

(育英堂、都克堂)

 小礼堂 1919 Donated by the Nathaniel Tooker family from East Orange, New Jersey, United States. Designed by J. W. Wilson.
Converse Residence 灰房

(康沃斯楼)

 1911 Formerly, foreign professors' residence
North Pacific Residence 上红房

(北太平洋楼)

 1911 Formerly, residence of the president
Paxton Residence 下红房

(帕斯顿楼)

 1911 Formerly, foreign professors' residence
Judson Science Hall 4号楼

(裘德生科学馆)

 1932 Named after Rev. J. H. Judson, the president of Hangchow Presbyterian College
Wilson Hall 6号楼

(佩韦斋、韦斋)

 1926 Formerly, foreign professors' and girls' residence
Wheeler Residence 9号楼

(维勒邦格楼、绿房)

 1920 Formerly, foreign professors' and girls' residence
Materials Testing Laboratory 5号楼

(材料试验所)

 5号楼，建于1935年 1935 Now part of Guanghua Law School Library
Carter Memorial Residence 白房 1920
Engineering Hall 工程馆 1951
Residence of Affiliated Primary School 附属小学宿舍 1931 Now residence of faculty
Gym Office 体育办公室 1934
Student Service Center 学生服务部
后六号楼
Chinese Professors' Homes 中方教授宿舍 1915 Formerly, homes to three Chinese professors
Philadelphia Observatory 费城观象台 1913 Donated by Mrs. Charles P. Turner. Destructed in 1937 due to Japanese bombing.

Institutions

  • The 2010 movie Aftershock was shot on location within the campus to mimic a Chinese university life in the 1980s.[13] Hangzhou Medical School, where the heroine of the movie, played by Zhang Jingchu, studies, was filmed on the campus, which made the Economics Building of the campus a popular tourist attraction.[2]
  • The 2015 movie The Left Ear was filmed on the campus.[14]
  • Janet Fitch wrote an autobiography which describes her life in the campus from 1909 to 1935.[15]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zhijiang Campus, Zhejiang University.

References

  1. ↑ 之江校区 Archived February 6, 2005, at the Wayback Machine
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "杭州最古老的大学校区 红房子里藏着"时光机"". 凤凰网. 2014-09-28. Archived from the original on 2022-05-30. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  3. ↑ "浙大之江校区钟楼重新开放 这里可以眺望钱塘江江景". Qianjiang Evening News. 2016-12-21 – via Tencent News.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "杭州之江大学旧址". 浙江文物网. 2016-09-10. Archived from the original on 2021-06-13. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
  5. 1 2 3 "浙江大学丨百年老楼、历史回眸（四）". z.hangzhou.com.cn. 2020-05-14. Archived from the original on 2022-05-30. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  6. ↑ "曾宪梓教学楼在之江校区落成". Zhejiang University. 2002-04-04. Archived from the original on 2022-05-30. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  7. ↑ "曾宪梓教学楼". Zhejiang University Education Foundation. 2015-02-03. Archived from the original on 2022-05-30. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  8. ↑ "国家文物局2006年发布的第六批全国重点文物保护单位名录". Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2014-10-05.
  9. 1 2 "浙江大学之江校区：大学的建筑与人文之美_培训动态_浙江大学". Zhejiang University. Archived from the original on 2022-05-30. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
  10. ↑ Zhang, Ji (2008). 之江大学旧址建筑年谱 (Master's thesis) (in Chinese). Hangzhou: Zhejiang University.
  11. ↑ Zhang, Ji (2009). 之江大学旧址建筑史初探 [A preliminary study on the architectural history of Hangchow University] (in Chinese). Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press. ISBN 978-7-308-06564-1. OCLC 461868555.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  12. ↑ "之江大学旧址". 杭州政协. 2010-10-26. Archived from the original on 2021-04-16. Retrieved 2021-04-17.
  13. ↑ "浙大之江校区钟楼重新开放 这里可以眺望钱塘江江景". Qianjiang Evening News. 2016-12-21 – via Tencent News.
  14. ↑ "钱塘江边这些大学，都是满满的校园回忆……". Hangzhou Net. 2018-09-12. Archived from the original on 2022-05-30. Retrieved 2022-05-30.
  15. ↑ Fitch, Janet (1981). Foreign devil: reminiscences of a China missionary daughter 1909-1935. San Francisco: Chinese Materials Center. ISBN 978-0-89644-647-2. OCLC 10323308. Archived from the original on 2022-05-30. Retrieved 2022-05-29.
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