One Sweet Day

"One Sweet Day"
Single by Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men
from the album Daydream
B-side"Open Arms"
ReleasedNovember 13, 1995 (1995-11-13)
Studio
Genre
Length4:41
LabelColumbia
Composers
  • Mariah Carey
  • Walter Afanasieff
Lyricists
  • Mariah Carey
  • Michael McCary
  • Nathan Morris
  • Wanya Morris
  • Shawn Stockman
Producers
  • Walter Afanasieff
  • Mariah Carey
Mariah Carey singles chronology
"Fantasy"
(1995)		 "One Sweet Day"
(1995)		 "Joy to the World"
(1995)
Boyz II Men singles chronology
"Hey Lover"
(1995)		 "One Sweet Day"
(1995)		 "I Remember"
(1995)
Music video
"One Sweet Day" on YouTube

"One Sweet Day" is a song by American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey and vocal harmony group Boyz II Men. The artists co-wrote the song with Walter Afanasieff, who co-produced it with Carey. Inspired by people in their lives and the sufferers of the AIDS epidemic, "One Sweet Day" sees the singers grieve the loss of a loved one and hold onto the hope of reuniting in heaven. It is a sentimental ballad influenced by R&B and pop, featuring keyboards, synthesizers, a synth bass, and guitar. Columbia Records released it on November 13, 1995, as the second single from Carey's fifth studio album, Daydream (1995).

On release, "One Sweet Day" received widespread critical acclaim for its emotionally resonant lyrics about grief and loss, as well as for the vocal performances of Carey and Boyz II Men. Music critics identified the track as a standout from Daydream. It reached number one in Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United States, and charted within the top ten in Australia, Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, Norway, Panama, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. In the US, "One Sweet Day" became the fourth song to debut at number one on Billboard Hot 100 and spent 16 consecutive weeks atop the chart, breaking the record for the longest-running number-one song in history; it held this record for 23 years.

Larry Jordan directed the music video for "One Sweet Day", which features scenes of Carey and Boyz II Men in and around the studio, as well as during the recording session. Because both acts had busy schedules, there was no time to produce a full-scale video. The song was performed at the ceremony for the 38th Annual Grammy Awards (1996) and the memorial service for Princess Diana (1997). Carey has also performed the song in most of her concert tours and residencies, first performing it on the Daydream World Tour in 1996. Retrospectively, critics have ranked "One Sweet Day" highly amongst her songs. It appears on her compilation albums #1's (1998), Greatest Hits (2001), The Ballads (2008), and #1 to Infinity (2015).

Background and development

"Dreamlover" was released as the lead single from American singer-songwriter Mariah Carey's third studio album, Music Box (1993).[2] A mid-tempo pop song,[3] "Dreamlover" was identified by some critics as the singer's first attempt into the contemporary R&B market.[4][5] By the release of her first holiday album, Merry Christmas (1994), Carey had already recorded seven songs for her fifth studio album, titled Daydream (1995). She sought greater creative control over her work and increasingly pursued the R&B and hip-hop influences she had long admired.[6][7]

Carey had previously worked with close friend and music producer David Cole on two of her studio albums, Emotions (1991) and Music Box, as well as on her MTV Unplugged project (1992). After his death in 1995, Carey began writing a song about how losing someone close can change a person's life and perspective.[8] With Walter Afanasieff, Carey had developed an "initial idea" for the song and had already written the chorus.[9] As an admirer of their work, she wanted to collaborate with the American vocal harmony group Boyz II Men, so she set the song aside, saying she did not want to finish it because it could be "our song if we ever do it together".[10]

After meeting with Boyz II Men, Carey learned that group member Nathan Morris had been developing a similar song for the group, dedicated to Khalil Rountree, their late tour manager. According to Carey, it featured "basically the same lyrics" and fit "over the same chord changes". Using Carey's chorus and concept alongside the melody created by the group, they wrote and composed the song together. The track was co-produced by both Carey and Afanasieff; the latter expanded on the melody and incorporated additional grooves and beats.[11][10] As work on the song progressed, Carey expanded the chorus with additional lyrics intended to make it resonate with those affected by the AIDS epidemic, which peaked in the mid-1990s. Her sister, Alison Carey, had been diagnosed with HIV in 1988 at the age of 27, which strained their relationship.[11][12]

Composition

Walter Afanasieff smiling in a red plaid shirt
Carey produced "One Sweet Day" with Walter Afanasieff (pictured in 2011).

"One Sweet Day" is a sentimental R&B and pop ballad that runs for four minutes and forty-one seconds.[a] Journalist Ana Monroy Yglesias, writing for the Grammy Awards website, deemed it a slow jam.[17] Carey wrote the lyrics with Afanasieff and the four members of Boyz II Men—Michael McCary, Nathan Morris, Wanya Morris, and Shawn Stockman—while she and Afanasieff composed the music.[1] Dan Shea performed the keyboards, synthesizers, drum and rhythm programming, while Dann Huff played guitar. Shea and Afanasieff both worked with the synth bass electronically. The track was engineered by David Gleeson, Jay Healy, and Dana Jon Chappelle in WallyWorld in San Rafael, California, and the Hit Factory in New York. It was then mixed by Mick Guzauski at Sony Music Studios in New York City, and mastered by Bob Ludwig at Gateway Mastering.[1]

Critics have interpreted "One Sweet Day" as a dialogue between the narrator and a deceased loved one, with the former expressing regret over things left unsaid.[18][19] They sing in the hope of an eventual reunion, believing they will meet their departed loved ones again in heaven.[20] Its themes revolve around yearning, sadness, and hope, as Tom Breihan of Stereogum wrote, who interpreted the song as conveying a universal experience of loss.[11] Music commentator Stephen Holden, writing for The New York Times, described the chorus as more uplifting, opining that it anticipates a future reunion that extends beyond a single individual to include others who have been lost.[18] Psychologist John H. Harvey interpreted the song as expressing hope that deceased loved ones have found peace in the afterlife.[21]

"One Sweet Day" is structured in verse–chorus form.[1][22] According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by Sony/ATV Music Publishing, the song is in a slow tempo of seventy-six beats per minute and is composed in the key of A♭ major, with the singers' vocal range spanning from E♭4 to A♭5.[23] The song is built on a steady, repeating rhythmic pattern, with emphasis placed on beats one and three in the bass and accents on beats two and four in the higher-register percussion.[24] "One Sweet Day" is delivered as a duet; the five vocalists harmonize together only during the chorus.[11][25] Carey and Boyz II Men lead vocalist Wanya Morris employ extensive melismatic phrasing throughout the song. Musicologist David Metzer observed that, at times, the two singers appear to compete in elaborating on melodic lines established by the other group members and suggested that this may occasionally overshadow the song's themes of mourning.[24]

Reception and accolades

Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
Music Week3/5[26]
Smash Hits2/5[27]
Stereogum3/10[28]

"One Sweet Day" has been met with universal acclaim from contemporary music critics. AllMusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine praised the song for its craft and writing, commenting that "[in] 'One Sweet Day', a duet with Boyz II Men, Carey appeals to both audiences equally because of the sheer amount of craft and hard work she puts into her albums.[29] Steve Baltin from Cash Box wrote, "This single could be thrown at the bottom of the 99 cents bin, buried under the Partridge Family and Starlite Vocal Band, and it would still find its way into the hands of fans. This is as big a guaranteed hit as anything that's come out in some time". He added, "You will never find a surer bet than whether this song will make number one."[30] James Masterton for Dotmusic deemed it "a saccharine piece of American soul slush."[31]

Ken Tucker from Entertainment Weekly felt the song truly highlighted the album, "['One Sweet Day'] radiates a breezy sexiness that Carey, for all the brazen hussiness of her public persona, rarely permits herself to reveal in song.[32] In 2018, the magazine noted, "Goosebumps, every time. Carey's heavenly vocals, combined with the song's universal message and the sweet harmonies of Boyz II Men."[33] Music & Media named it a "skillful ballad", complimenting Boyz II Men, "who add a soulful touch to Carey's perfectionist vocals."[34] Stephen Holden from The New York Times shared similar sentiments and wrote, "On 'One Sweet Day', the singer joins forces with Boyz II Men, those masters of pleading post-doo-wop vocal harmonies, for a tender eulogy that suggests that the singers have been personally touched by the AIDS crisis."[18] A reviewer from People magazine named the song a "stand-out track" and called Carey's vocal performance "bravura belting."[35] Gina Morris from Smash Hits gave it two out of five, calling it a "soulful, purer-than-pure twee little number".[27]

"One Sweet Day" won many prestigious awards throughout 1996. At the Blockbuster Entertainment Awards, the song won the award for "Favorite Adult Contemporary Single Female 'One Sweet Day'".[36] "One Sweet Day" also won the award for "Song of the Year" at the BMI Awards and a "Special Award for 16 weeks at #1" at the Billboard Music Awards.[36] Together, Daydream and "One Sweet Day" were nominated for six Grammy Awards at the 38th annual ceremony, however, to Carey's surprise, also to the surprise of many critics, they lost all of the nominations.[37][38] In a readers' poll conducted by Rolling Stone, the song was ranked first for the category of the Best Collaboration of All Time.[39]

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1996 Billboard Music Awards[40] Top Hot 100 Singles Nominated
Special Award – 16 weeks at number one Won
Blockbuster Entertainment Awards[36] Single Favorite Adult Contemporary Female Singer Won
Grammy Awards[41] Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals Nominated
Record of the Year Nominated
MTV Video Music Awards[42] Best R&B Video Nominated
NAACP Image Awards[43] Best Live performance at Madison Square Nominated
1997 ASCAP Awards[36] Compositor de Rhythm & Soul[b] Won
BMI Pop Music Awards[44] Best Pop Composer Won
Song of the Year Won

Chart performance

"One Sweet Day" debuted at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart dated December 2, 1995, with sales of 204,000 units.[45] It became Carey's tenth chart topping single on the Hot 100 and Boyz II Men's fourth, debuting at the top spot. "One Sweet Day" became the fourth song to debut at number one after Michael Jackson's "You Are Not Alone", Carey's own "Fantasy", and Whitney Houston's "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)". The song remained at the peak for a record-breaking 16 consecutive weeks, from December 2, 1995, to March 16, 1996.[46] It remained the only song to stay at number one on the chart for 16 weeks until 2017, when the record was tied by Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee's "Despacito", featuring Justin Bieber.[47] The record would remain until Lil Nas X's "Old Town Road" featuring Billy Ray Cyrus, broke the record in 2019, spending 19 [consecutive] weeks atop the Billboard Hot 100, and later tied with Shaboozey's A Bar Song (Tipsy), at 19 [non-consecutive] weeks at the top in 2024 (Eventually Carey reclaimed the [non-consecutive] record back as her song "All I Want for Christmas Is You" spent 22 weeks at number one). It still remains the only number one debut to spend sixteen consecutive weeks at number one.[48]

Boyz II Men had previously held this record twice, with "End of the Road" (1992) spending 13 weeks at the top and "I'll Make Love to You" (1994) spending 14.[46][49] The former song shares this record with Brandy and Monica's "The Boy Is Mine", and the latter song shared its record with Whitney Houston's "I Will Always Love You".[46][49] Carey's 2005 song "We Belong Together", The Black Eyed Peas's 2009 "I Gotta Feeling" and Mark Ronson's 2014 track, "Uptown Funk", managed to stay at number one for 14 weeks as well.[49] Being the fourth single in history to debut at number one on the Billboard Hot 100, "One Sweet Day" also made Boyz II Men the first group to have a single debut at number one.

"One Sweet Day" unseated "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" by Whitney Houston at number one on the Billboard Hot 100, and was knocked off by Celine Dion's "Because You Loved Me".[46] With the single's debut at number one, it made Carey the first artist to have more than one number-one debut, and one of the four artists ever to have two consecutive singles debut at the top of the chart, along with Britney Spears, with "3" (2009) and "Hold It Against Me" (2011), and Drake, with "God's Plan" (2018) and "Nice for What" (2018) and Ariana Grande, with "Thank U, Next" (2018) and "7 Rings" (2019).[50][51] "One Sweet Day" was the third best-selling single of 1995 in the US, with sales of over 1,300,000, with the second best-selling single being Carey's "Fantasy".[52] The song spent 26 weeks in the top 40, was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and was ranked number nine on Billboard's Hot 100-decade retrospective.[53]

The song also achieved strong success around the world, topping the charts in Canada and New Zealand, and reaching the top-ten in sixteen countries including Australia, Belgium, France, Ireland, The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the United Kingdom. In Canada, the song debuted on the RPM Singles Chart at number 89 on the RPM issue dated December 4, 1995,[54] and reached the top of the chart on January 22, 1996.[55] It was present on the chart for a total of 24 weeks,[56] and ranked 12th on the RPM Year-end chart for 1996.[57] It reached the top-two in Australia (3× platinum) and the Netherlands; the top-five in France (silver) and Ireland and the top-ten in Belgium, Norway (platinum), Sweden and the United Kingdom (gold). In the UK, it is one of Carey's best-selling singles, with estimated sales of over 400,000.[58]

Music video

The song's accompanying music video was directed by American independent filmmaker Larry Jordan. When Carey and Boyz II Men got together to record "One Sweet Day", they did not have enough time to re-unite and film a video. Instead, a filming crew was present during the song's recording, and filmed bits of Carey and Boyz recording the song. Walter Afanasieff later told Fred Bronson that shooting the video was "crazy", stating, "They had film crews and video guys, while I'm at the board trying to produce. And these guys were running around having a ball, because Mariah and them are laughing and screaming and they're being interviewed. And I'm tapping people on the shoulder. 'We've got to get to the microphone!' They're gone in a couple of hours, so I recorded everything they did, praying that it was enough." After the song's release, Carey expressed her contentment with the video, that she was happy a real music video was never filmed, fearing that no video could truly capture the song's "precious message." Critics agreed, feeling that the song was a perfect match for the video and its message. Aside from the recording sessions, the video also shared bits of Carey and Boyz bonding and sharing their ideas in the studio, where Carey felt they "bonded."[50] On August 13, 2020, the music video of "One Sweet Day" reached 200 million views on YouTube.

Live performances

Carey and Boyz II Men performing "One Sweet Day" at Madison Square Garden on October 10, 1995

"One Sweet Day" was performed at the 38th Annual Grammy Awards, held on February 28, 1996. During the performance, Carey wore a long black dress and matching sleeveless blouse, while the group wore white jackets and black pants. After the song's bridge, a choir of male and female vocalists took place on the rafters placed over the stage, all wearing white gowns.[59] The song was also performed at the memorial service for Princess Diana in September 1997, where other performers included Elton John. During the service and song recital, Carey wore a conservative long black sheer gown, with long golden curls. Boyz II Men all wore similar matching dark suit and garments.[59] The song became part of Carey's BET Christmas special in 2001, where she sang the song alongside Boyz II Men.[59] During the special, Carey wore a red gown in honor of the show's holiday theme, and featured a long golden hairstyle. One of the male vocalists had already been switched, as one of the group members had already resigned.[59]

Aside from live television appearances, the song was performed on many of Carey's tours.[60] "One Sweet Day" was performed at every show on her Daydream World Tour (1996), where Boyz II Men were featured on a large projection screen. The footage was taken from Carey's filmed concert at Madison Square Garden in late 1995, and was played in sync with Carey's verses. A similar concept was used for her Butterfly World Tour (1998), with the addition of several live back up vocalists joining on stage.[60] Additionally, the song was performed on select dates on her The Adventures of Mimi tour (2006). During the tour's filmed show in Anaheim California, the group joined Carey live on stage and performed the song together. For the segment of the show, Carey wore a long turquoise gown, with several slits and cuts fashioned into the sides. During the Angels Advocate Tour in 2010, Carey performed a snippet of the song in Singapore, with Trey Lorenz filling in for the group's verses.[61]

Carey also performed the song as a part of her 2015 Las Vegas residency, Mariah Carey Number 1's, with Lorenz reprising his role as well as Daniel Moore. She also performed the song as a part of her 2018–20 Las Vegas residency, The Butterfly Returns alongside Lorenz and Moore.

It was also performed on selected dates of her 2019 Caution World Tour.

Cover versions

"One Sweet Day" was performed by the seven finalists on the seventh season of American Idol.[62] The performance was taped due to the "Mariah Carey" themed week, where all the competitors sang songs from Carey's repertoire.[62] The song was additionally sung on the fifth season of the UK TV show The X Factor, by the British boy-band JLS.[63] Their performance received praise from all four judges, who commented how it was an "impossibly hard song to sing" because it was a "Mariah song."[63] The song was also performed by John Adeleye during the seventh season The X Factor. The theme of the night was "#1 songs."[64] Shannon Magrane performed the song on the eleventh season of American Idol the week the contestants performed songs from their birth years. Andy Williams released a version in 2007 on his album, I Don't Remember Ever Growing Up.

Track listing and formats

Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from the Daydream liner notes.[1]

  • Mariah Carey – co-production, songwriting (music and lyrics), vocals
  • Walter Afanasieff – co-production, songwriting (music)
  • Nathan Morris – songwriting (lyrics), vocals
  • Wanya Morris – songwriting (lyrics), vocals
  • Shawn Stockman – songwriting (lyrics), vocals
  • Michael McCary – songwriting (lyrics), vocals

Charts

Certifications and sales

Region CertificationCertified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[162] 3× Platinum 210,000‡
France (SNEP)[163] Gold 250,000*
New Zealand (RMNZ)[164] Platinum 30,000‡
Norway (IFPI Norway)[165] Gold  
United Kingdom (BPI)[166] Gold 400,000‡
United States (RIAA)[167] 4× Platinum 4,000,000‡

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Release dates and formats for "One Sweet Day"
Region Date Format Label Ref.
Australia November 13, 1995
  • Cassette single
  • CD single
 [168]
United States November 14, 1995 CD maxi single [169]
United Kingdom November 27, 1995
  • Cassette single
  • CD single
 [170]
Japan November 30, 1995 Mini CD single Sony Music Japan [171]

See also

  • List of Billboard Hot 100 chart achievements and milestones
  • List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1995
  • List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1996
  • List of Hot Adult Contemporary number ones of 1995
  • List of Hot Adult Contemporary number ones of 1996

Notes

  1. ↑ References for "One Sweet Day" being a sentimental ballad;[11][13] its genres;[14][15][16] and its length.[1]
  2. ↑ The award goes to the composers of the song: Mariah Carey, Walter Afanasieff, Nathan Morris, Michael McCary, Shawn Stockman, Wanya Morris.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Carey, Mariah (1995). Daydream (Liner Notes) (Compact Disc). New York City: Columbia Records. 481367 2.
  2. ↑ "#1's – Mariah Carey – 'Dreamlover'". Sony Music. Archived from the original on January 22, 2001.
  3. ↑ Nickson 1998, p. 107; Shapiro 2001, p. 78.
  4. ↑ Breihan, Tom (October 26, 2025). "The Number Ones: Mariah Carey's "Dreamlover"". Stereogum. Retrieved April 20, 2026.
  5. ↑ "Songbook: How Mariah Carey Became The Songbird Supreme, From Her Unmistakable Range To Genre-Melding Prowess". Grammy Awards. September 17, 2022. Archived from the original on November 17, 2025. Retrieved May 29, 2026.
  6. ↑ Nickson 1998, p. 142; Shapiro 2001, pp. 90–91.
  7. ↑ Harrington, Richard (November 9, 1995). "A Real Live Fantasy". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 4, 2026.
  8. ↑ Nickson 1998, pp. 57, 105, and 142.
  9. ↑ Nickson 1998, p. 143.
  10. 1 2 Nickson 1998, pp. 143–144.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 Breihan, Tom (October 26, 2025). "The Number Ones: Mariah Carey & Boyz II Men's 'One Sweet Day'". Stereogum. Retrieved July 4, 2026.
  12. ↑ Nickson 1998, pp. 137–138; Shapiro 2001, pp. 93–94.
  13. ↑ Gamboa, Glenn (December 4, 2016). "Mariah Carey bringing No. 1 songs back to Beacon Theatre for 9-night run". Newsday.
  14. ↑ Trust, Gary (May 9, 2014). "How John Legend Brought R&B Back To Adult Top 40 Radio". Billboard. Retrieved July 4, 2026.
  15. ↑ Okoth-Obbo, Vanessa (December 30, 2015). "How R&B Lost Its Grip on the Billboard Hot 100". Consequence. Retrieved July 4, 2026.
  16. ↑ Davila, Vianna (May 17, 2006). "Fallen S.A. officers remembered". p. 01B.
  17. ↑ "Mariah Carey Tells Fans Fire Music Is Coming With New Album 'Caution'". Grammy Awards. November 16, 2018. Retrieved May 6, 2026.
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  20. ↑ Perone 2021, p. 2010.
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  30. ↑ Baltin, Steve (November 18, 1995). "Pop Singles" (PDF). Cash Box. p. 7. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 10, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2022.
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  43. ↑ "1996 NAACP Image Awards". NAACP Image Awards. Archived from the original on March 1, 2010. Retrieved October 14, 2011.
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  59. 1 2 3 4 Nickson 1998, pp. 142
  60. 1 2 Nickson 1998, pp. 155
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