内格罗河 (亚马孙河支流)

内格罗河（葡萄牙語：，西班牙語：）意思为“黑河”，是亚马逊河北岸最大的一条支流。它的源头是奥里诺科河和亚马逊河的分水岭，它和奥里诺科河之间有卡西基亚雷河相通。

内格罗河的源头在哥伦比亚境内，名为古艾尼亚河，其最大的支流为沃佩斯河。

内格罗河可通航的河段长度有720千米，在旱季时水深可达1米，但河道中也有沙洲。雨季时（4月-10月）下游640千米段河道可宽达32千米，河流湍急，摩托艇可直接航行到安第斯山脚下。

内格罗河入亚马逊河口，深色的河水和亚马逊河浑浊的河水颜色区别分明。

内格罗河之所以被称为黑河，主要是因为上游植物落叶腐烂造成其河水颜色深如同浓茶水，而河水中含大量腐殖酸，有大量鱼繁殖，岸旁的沙洲也成为了多种海龟的繁殖地。

参考文献

Goulding, M., Carvalho, M. L., & Ferreira, E. J. G. (1988). Rio Negro, rich life in poor water : Amazonian diversity and foodchain ecology as seen through fish communities. The Hague: SPB Academic Publishing. ISBN 90-5103-016-9
Saint-Paul, U., Berger, U., Zuanon, J., Villacorta Correa, M. A., García, M., Fabré, N. N., et al. (2000). Fish communities in central Amazonian white- and blackwater floodplains. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 57(3), 235-250.
Sioli, H. (1955). Beiträge zur regionalen Limnologie des Amazonasgebietes. III. Über einige Gewässer des oberen Rio Negro-Gebietes. Arch. Hydrobiol., 50(1), 1-32.
Wallace, A. R. (1853). A narrative of travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro, with an account of the native tribes, and observations on the climate, geology, and natural history of the Amazon Valley. London: Reeve.
Wright, R. (2005). História indígena e do indigenismo no Alto Rio Negro. São Paulo, Brazil: UNICAMP & Instituto Socioambiental. ISBN 85-7591-042-6.Its Brazilian name is imaweena

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