單棘躄魚科
單棘躄魚科(學名:[1])是輻鰭魚綱鮟鱇目單棘躄魚亞目中的唯一一科,英文俗名為「Sea toads(意思為「海蟾蜍」)」及「Coffinfishes(意思為「棺材魚」)」,中文俗名則常稱之為「五腳虎」。
單棘躄魚科 | |
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Chaunax pictus | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 脊索动物门 Chordata |
纲: | 綱 Actinopteri |
目: | 鮟鱇目 Lophiiformes |
亚目: | 单棘躄鱼亚目 Chaunacoidei |
科: | 單棘躄魚科 Chaunacidae |
屬 | |
̈*見內文 |
單棘躄魚科的物種為棲息於太平洋、印度洋與大西洋大陸坡上的深海魚[2],深度最深可達 2,460米(8,070英尺) ,其中槳躄魚屬物種的棲息深度多半高於單棘躄魚屬物種。
身體呈卵圓形,尾柄短,身體佈滿棘刺狀的細鱗,體型最大可達 30 cm(12英寸)。背鰭第一鰭條演化為可進行生物發光的吻觸手,懸吊在口上方。口裂大,呈垂直狀。體側線的感覺溝清晰可見[3]。胸鰭演化成類似足的構造,可在海床上爬行[4]。
分類
單棘躄魚科下分2個屬,如下:
- 槳躄魚屬(Chaunacops)
- 單棘躄魚屬(Chaunax)
- 阿部單棘躄魚(Chaunax abei) Y. Le Danois, 1978
- 非洲單棘躄魚(Chaunax africanus) H. C. Ho & Last, 2013[6]
- Chaunax apus Lloyd, 1909[5]
- 深南單棘躄魚(Chaunax atimovatae) H. C. Ho & W. C. Ma, 2016[7]
- 短體單棘躄魚(Chaunax brachysomus) H. C. Ho, Kawai & Satria, 2015[5]
- 短輻單棘躄魚(Chaunax breviradius) Y. Le Danois, 1978
- 恩氏單棘躄魚(Chaunax endeavouri) Whitley, 1929
- 單棘躄魚(Chaunax fimbriatus) Hilgendorf, 1879
- 火焰單棘躄魚(Chaunax flammeus) Y. Le Danois, 1979
- 黃斑單棘躄魚(Chaunax flavomaculatus) H. C. Ho, C. D. Roberts & A. L. Stewart, 2013[8]
- 白腹單棘躄魚(Chaunax gomoni) H. C. Ho, Kawai & Satria, 2015[5]
- 南非單棘躄魚(Chaunax heemstraorum) H. C. Ho & W. C. Ma, 2016[7]
- 何氏單棘躄魚(Chaunax hollemani) H. C. Ho & W. C. Ma, 2016[7]
- 側斑單棘躄魚(Chaunax latipunctatus) Y. Le Danois, 1984
- 紅鞋單棘躄魚(Chaunax mulleus) H. C. Ho, C. D. Roberts & A. L. Stewart, 2013[8]
- 印度單棘躄魚(Chaunax multilepis) H. C. Ho, Meleppura & Bineesh, 2016[9]
- 雲紋單棘躄魚(Chaunax nebulosus) H. C. Ho & Last, 2013[6]
- 裸腹單棘躄魚(Chaunax nudiventer) H. C. Ho & K. T. Shao, 2010
- 雲紋單棘躄魚(Chaunax penicillatus) McCulloch, 1915
- 圓頭單棘躄魚(Chaunax pictus) R. T. Lowe, 1846
- 網紋單棘躄魚(Chaunax reticulatus) H. C. Ho, C. D. Roberts & A. L. Stewart, 2013[8]
- 紅衣單棘躄魚(Chaunax russatus) H. C. Ho, C. D. Roberts & A. L. Stewart, 2013[8]
- 斑點單棘躄魚(Chaunax stigmaeus) Fowler, 1946
- 薩氏單棘躄魚(Chaunax suttkusi) J. H. Caruso, 1989
- 蔭單棘躄魚(Chaunax umbrinus) C. H. Gilbert, 1905
参考文献
- Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (eds.) (2006). Chaunacidae. FishBase. Version 2006-02.
- Bertelsen, E. & Pietsch, T.W. Paxton, J.R. & Eschmeyer, W.N. , 编. . San Diego: Academic Press. 1998: 140. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
- John H. Caruso. . Tree of Life web project. 2005 [3 April 2006]. (原始内容存档于2020-12-15).
- . [2019-07-03]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-20).
- Ho, H.-C. & McGrouther, M. (2015): A new anglerfish from eastern Australia and New Caledonia (Lophiiformes: Chaunacidae: Chaunacops), with new data and submersible observation of Chaunacops melanostomus. Journal of Fish Biology, 86 (3): 940–951.
- Ho, H.-C. & Last, P.R. (2013): Two new species of the coffinfish genus Chaunax (Lophiiformes: Chaunacidae) from the Indian Ocean. Zootaxa, 3710 (5): 436–448.
- Ho, H.-C. & Ma, W.-C. (2016): Revision of southern African species of the anglerfish genus Chaunax (Lophiiformes: Chaunacidae), with descriptions of three new species. Zootaxa, 4144 (2): 175–194.
- Ho, H.-C., Roberts, C.D. & Stewart, A.L. (2013): A review of the anglerfish genus Chaunax (Lophiiformes: Chaunacidae) from New Zealand and adjacent waters, with descriptions of four new species. (页面存档备份,存于) Zootaxa, 3620 (1): 89–111.
- Ho, H.-C., Meleppura, R.K. & Bineesh, K.K. (2016): Chaunax multilepis sp. nov., a new species of Chaunax (Lophiiformes: Chaunacidae) from the northern Indian Ocean. Zootaxa, 4103 (2): 130-136.
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