外群
外群(英语:Outgroup),或稱外類群,是一個分支系統學概念,指与所有近緣單系群(兩個及以上)關係都较远的類群(group),這意味著該群在演化過程中從母群分支出去的時間要早於其他群。
下面舉出一些例子,其外類群標示在右邊:
参考文献
- Prado-Martinez, Javier; Marques-Bonet, Tomas. . Nature. 2013, 499 (7459): 471–475. PMC 3822165 . PMID 23823723. doi:10.1038/nature12228.
- Murphy, William; Pringle, Thomas; Crider, Tess; Springer, Mark; Miller, Webb. . Genome Research. 2007, 17 (4): 413–421. PMC 1832088 . PMID 17322288. doi:10.1101/gr.5918807.
- Cameron, Chris; Garey, James; Swalla, Billie. . PNAS. 2000, 97 (9): 4469–4474. PMC 18258 . PMID 10781046. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.9.4469.
- Matthews, Sarah; Donoghue, Michael. . Science. 1999, 286 (5441): 947–950. PMID 10542147. doi:10.1126/science.286.5441.947.
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