巨蟹蛛科
巨蟹蛛科(),舊稱高腳蛛科(),)屬於巨蟹蛛總科,之下包括多種體型較大的蜘蛛。其物種分布於世界各地暖帶及熱帶地區,目前已命名者超過一千種以上。
巨蟹蛛科 化石时期: | |
---|---|
獵人蛛 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
纲: | 蛛形纲 Arachnida |
目: | 蜘蛛目 Araneae |
亚目: | 背突蛛亞目 Opisthothelae |
下目: | 新蛛亞目 Araneomorphae |
演化支: | 复杂生殖器类 Entelegynae |
总科: | 巨蟹蛛總科 Sparassoidea |
科: | 巨蟹蛛科 Sparassidae Bertkau, 1872 |
以下屬、種 | |
多样性 | |
82屬、1009種 | |
分類
截至2019年4月 ,World Spider Catalog現時接受本科包括下列各個屬[1]:
- Adcatomus Karsch, 1880 — Venezuela, Peru
- Anaptomecus Simon, 1903 — Central America, South America
- Anchonastus Simon, 1898 — Cameroon, Congo
- Arandisa Lawrence, 1938 — Namibia
- Barylestis Simon, 1910 — Africa, Asia, Europe
- Beregama Hirst, 1990 — Australia, Papua New Guinea
- Berlandia Lessert, 1921 — East Africa
- Bhutaniella Jäger, 2000 — Asia
- Caayguara Rheims, 2010 — Brazil
- Carparachne Lawrence, 1962 — Namibia
- Cebrennus Simon, 1880 — Africa, Asia, Malta
- Cerbalus Simon, 1897 — Israel, Jordan, Egypt
- Chrosioderma Simon, 1897 — Madagascar
- Clastes Walckenaer, 1837 — Indonesia, Papua New Guinea
- Curicaberis Rheims, 2015 — North America, Central America, Brazil
- Damastes Simon, 1880 — Madagascar, Mozambique, Seychelles
- Decaphora Franganillo, 1931 — North America, Caribbean, Central America, Colombia
- Defectrix Petrunkevitch, 1925 — Panama
- Delena Walckenaer, 1837 — Australia, New Zealand
- Dermochrosia Mello-Leitão, 1940 — Brazil
- Diminutella Rheims & Alayón, 2018 — Cuba
- 艾舞蛛属 Eusparassus Simon, 1903:分佈於亞洲、非洲、歐洲及南美洲的秘魯
- Exopalystes Hogg, 1914 — Papua New Guinea
- Geminia Thorell, 1897 — Myanmar
- 吉遁蛛属 Gnathopalystes Rainbow, 1899[2]:見於亞洲及大洋洲。
- Guadana Rheims, 2010 — Brazil, Peru, Ecuador
- 巨蟹蛛屬 Heteropoda Latreille, 1804:見於大洋洲、亞洲、南美洲及希臘。
- Holconia Thorell, 1877 — Australia
- Irileka Hirst, 1998 — Australia
- Isopeda L. Koch, 1875 — Australia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea
- Isopedella Hirst, 1990 — Australia, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia
- Keilira Hirst, 1989 — Australia
- Leucorchestris Lawrence, 1962 — Angola, Namibia
- Macrinus Simon, 1887 — South America, Tobago, United States
- Martensopoda Jäger, 2006 — India
- May Jäger & Krehenwinkel, 2015 — Namibia, South Africa
- Megaloremmius Simon, 1903 — Madagascar
- 小遁蛛属 Micrommata Latreille, 1804:見於亞洲、非洲及歐洲的西班牙。
- Microrchestris Lawrence, 1962 — Namibia
- Neosparassus Hogg, 1903 — Australia
- Neostasina Rheims & Alayón, 2016 — Caribbean
- Nisueta Simon, 1880 — Sudan, Ethiopia, Tanzania
- Nolavia Kammerer, 2006 — Brazil
- Nonianus Simon, 1885 — South America, Algeria, Israel
- Nungara Pinto & Rheims, 2016 — Brazil, Ecuador
- Olios Walckenaer, 1837 — Asia, South America, Oceania, Africa, Central America, North America, Caribbean
- Orchestrella Lawrence, 1965 — Namibia
- Origes Simon, 1897 — Argentina, Peru, Ecuador
- Paenula Simon, 1897 — Ecuador
- Palystella Lawrence, 1928 — Namibia
- Palystes L. Koch, 1875 — Africa, India, Australia
- Panaretella Lawrence, 1937 — South Africa
- Pandercetes L. Koch, 1875 — Asia, Oceania
- Parapalystes Croeser, 1996 — South Africa
- Pediana Simon, 1880 — Indonesia, Australia
- Pleorotus Simon, 1898 — Seychelles
- Polybetes Simon, 1897 — South America
- Prusias O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892 — Brazil, Mexico, Panama
- Prychia L. Koch, 1875 — Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Philippines
- Pseudomicrommata Järvi, 1914 — Africa
- Pseudopoda Jäger, 2000 — Asia
- Pseudosparianthis Simon, 1887 — South America, Central America, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Quemedice Mello-Leitão, 1942 — Brazil, Argentina
- Remmius Simon, 1897 — Africa
- Rhacocnemis Simon, 1897 — Seychelles
- Rhitymna Simon, 1897 — Asia, Africa
- Sagellula Strand, 1942 — Japan, China
- Sampaiosia Mello-Leitão, 1930 — Brazil
- Sarotesius Pocock, 1898 — East Africa
- Sinopoda Jäger, 1999 — Asia
- Sivalicus Dyal, 1957 — India
- 斯帕蛛属 Sparassus(?)
- Sparianthina Banks, 1929 — South America, Tobago, Central America
- Sparianthis Simon, 1880 — Colombia
- Spariolenus Simon, 1880 — Asia
- Staianus Simon, 1889 — Madagascar
- Stasina Simon, 1877 — South America, Gabon, Asia, Cuba
- Stasinoides Berland, 1922 — Ethiopia
- Stipax Simon, 1898 — Seychelles
- Strandiellum Kolosváry, 1934 — Papua New Guinea
- 塞蛛属 Thelcticopis Karsch, 1884 — Asia, Oceania, Africa
- Thomasettia Hirst, 1911 — Seychelles
- Tibellomma Simon, 1903 — Venezuela
- Tychicus Simon, 1880 — Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia
- Typostola Simon, 1897 — Australia, Papua New Guinea
- Uaiuara Rheims, 2013 — Panama, South America
- Vindullus Simon, 1880 — South America, Guatemala
- Yiinthi Davies, 1994 — Australia, Papua New Guinea
- Zachria L. Koch, 1875 — Australia
物種
中國大陸
以下為在中國大陸常見的巨蟹蛛科品種生物:
- 南疆艾舞蛛(艾舞蛛屬)
- 具眼艾舞蛛(艾舞蛛屬)
- 高原巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 对巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 铃形巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 城步巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 弱巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 钳巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 格氏巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 吉隆巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 钩巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 喜马拉雅巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 北巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 庐山巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 袋状巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 岷山巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 聂拉木巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 锯齿巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 细齿巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 鳞片巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 星巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 狩猎巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 条纹巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 樟木巨蟹蛛(巨蟹蛛屬)
- 南宁小遁蛛(小遁蛛屬)
- 微绿小遁蛛(小遁蛛屬)
- 波氏斯帕蛛(斯帕蛛屬)
- 离塞蛛(塞蛛屬)
- 疣状乳突蛛(塞蛛屬)
參考資料
- . World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. [2019-04-24]. (原始内容存档于2020-10-31) (英语).
- 付艷娜. . [2010-10-20].
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