斯里

斯里巴利語或සිරි或សិរិ Siri),又译作師利梵文 藏体:,天城体:)、室利、「西」、「师里」、「斯瑞」等,是源自于梵文的前缀词语,常在东亚、东南亚、南亚的佛教、印度教、耆那教地区以及俄罗斯佛教地区使用。

斯里的本意是“光明”、「荣耀」、「光荣」、“美觀”,引申义有“莊嚴”、“吉祥”,古文佛典裡多音译作師利室利或意译作吉祥莊嚴威德,如文殊師利菩薩(),又譯曼殊室利菩薩,意譯“妙吉祥”;大吉祥天女()也譯為“摩訶室利”。而用在人名前时,应译作“先生”、“女士”,或“吉”、“聖”,亦可不译(有时这个词在一些人名面前会被重复多次,以示尊敬)[1];如斯瑞·奧羅賓多(Śrī Arabinda)。在地名前时,常意译作“聖”、“吉”,或不译,有时也有译作“斯里”、“师里”等。这个词在神灵名称前时翻译为“聖”。斯里的词根原指一神灵。[2][3]

在各语言中的形式

语言文字写法注释
阿萨姆语শ্রী
孟加拉语শ্রী
天城文श्री
印尼语Sri常用于人名前
爪哇语ꦱꦿꦶ(Sri)常用于人名前
卡纳达语
马来语سري(Seri)
马拉雅拉姆语ശ്രീ
缅甸语(Thiri)
奥里雅语ଶ୍ରୀ
旁遮普语ਸ਼੍ਰੀ
僧伽罗语ශ්‍රී
泰米尔语ஸ்ரீ(Shre,Shree)
泰卢固语శ్రీ
泰语(Siri)、(Sri、Si)常用作爵名或地名前

参见

来源

  1. Howard Measures. . Macmillan. 1962: 136, 140 [19 January 2011]. (原始内容存档于2014-01-01).
  2. Turner, Sir Ralph Lilley; Dorothy Rivers Turner. . London: Oxford University Press,. January 2006: 736 [1962] [22 April 2010]. (原始内容存档于2012-12-15). śrīˊ 12708 śrīˊ feminine ' light, beauty ' R̥gveda, ' welfare, riches ' Avestan (Iranian) Pali Prakrit sirī – feminine, Prakrit – feminine ' prosperity '; Marāṭhī – s honorific affix to names of relationship (e.g. āj̈ā – s, ājī – s) Jules Bloch La Formation de la Langue Marathe Paris 1920, page 412. – Sinhalese siri ' health, happiness ' (Wilhelm Geiger An Etymological Glossary of the Sinhalese Language Colombo 1941, page 180) a loanword from Pali <-> See addendum śrḗyas – , śrḗṣṭha – . See Addenda: śrīˊ – occurring for the first time in Addenda : śrīparṇī – .
  3. Apte, Vaman Shivaram. . Prasad Prakashan. 1957–59: 1575. 1 Wealth, riches, affluence, prosperity, plenty; ... -2 Royalty, majesty, royal wealth;... -3 Dignity, high position, state;... -4 Beauty, grace, splendour, lustre;... -5 Colour, aspect; ... -6 The goddess of wealth, Lak-ṣmī, the wife of Viṣṇu;... -7 Any virtue or excellence. -8 Decoration. -9 Intellect, understanding. -1 Super- human power. -11 The three objects of human existence taken collectively (धर्म, अर्थ and काम). -12 The Sarala tree. -13 The Bilva tree. -14 Cloves. -15 A lotus. -16 The twelfth digit of the moon. -17 N. of Sarasvatī, (the goddess of speech). -18 Speech. -19 Fame, glory. -2 The three Vedas (वेदत्रयी);... -m. N. of one of the six Rāgas or musical modes. -a. Splendid, radiant, adorning. (The word श्री is often used as an honorific prefix to the names of deities and eminent persons; श्रीकृष्णः, श्रीरामः, श्रिवाल्मीकिः, श्रीजयदेवः; also celebrated works, generally of a sacred character; श्रीभागवत, श्रीरामायण)&c.; it is also used as an auspicious sign at the commencement of letters, manuscripts &c
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