異戊醇
異戊醇(英語:isoamyl alcohol)是一種清澈無色的液體,分子式為(CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH。它是八種戊醇的醇類同分異構物中的一種。它是生產香蕉油的主要成分,香蕉油是一種自然界中發現的酯,也是工業中的香料。
| 異戊醇[1] | |
|---|---|
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| IUPAC名 3-甲基-1-丁醇 3-Methylbutan-1-ol | |
| 英文名 | |
| 识别 | |
| CAS号 | 123-51-3 |
| PubChem | 31260 |
| ChemSpider | 29000 |
| SMILES |
|
| InChI |
|
| InChIKey | PHTQWCKDNZKARW-UHFFFAOYAW |
| ChEBI | 15837 |
| DrugBank | DB02296 |
| KEGG | C07328 |
| 性质 | |
| 化学式 | C5H12O |
| 88.148 g·mol⁻¹ | |
| 外观 | 無色液體 |
| 氣味 | 不愉快氣味[2] |
| 密度 | 0.8104 g/cm3(20 °C) |
| 熔点 | -117 °C [3][2](156 K) |
| 沸点 | 131.1 °C(404 K) |
| 溶解性(水) | 28 g/L |
| 溶解性 | 易溶於丙酮、乙醚、乙醇 |
| 蒸氣壓 | 28 mmHg(20°C)[2] |
| 磁化率 | -68.96·10−6 cm3/mol |
| 折光度n25 D |
1.4502 [4] |
| 黏度 | 3.692 mPa·s |
| 结构 | |
| 偶极矩 | 1.82D[4] |
| 热力学 | |
| ΔfHm⦵298K | -356.4 kJ·mol−1 |
| 热容 | 2.382 J·g−1·K−1 |
| 危险性 | |
GHS危险性符号 ![]() | |
| H-术语 | H226-H332-H335 |
| P-术语 | P261 |
| NFPA 704 |
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1
0
|
| 闪点 | 43 °C |
| 自燃温度 | 350 °C |
| 爆炸極限 | 1.2 – 9% |
| PEL | TWA 100 ppm (360 mg/m3)[2] |
| 致死量或浓度: | |
LD50(中位剂量) |
3438 mg/kg(兔子,口服) 1300 mg/kg(大鼠,口服)[5] |
| 若非注明,所有数据均出自标准状态(25 ℃,100 kPa)下。 | |
製備
用途
參考資料
- Lide, David R. (编). 87. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. 1998: 3–374, 5–42, 6–188, 8–102, 15–22. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3.
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. . NIOSH.
- Straka, M.; van Genderen, A.; Růžička, K.; Růžička, V. Heat Capacities in the Solid and in the Liquid Phase of Isomeric Pentanols. J. Chem. Eng. Data 2007, 52, 794-802.
- Yitzhak Marcus. John Wiley & Sons Ltd , 编. 4. England. 1999. ISBN 0-471-98369-1.
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). . [2018-05-04]. (原始内容存档于2017-12-05).
- . [2018-05-05]. (原始内容存档于2018-05-05).
- Zumbo, P. (PDF). WEILL CORNELL MEDICAL COLLEGE P. ZUMBO LABORATORY OF CHRISTOPHER E. MASON, PH.D. [2014-06-19]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2018-10-24).
- Green, Michael; Sambrook, Joseph. . . Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. [2018-05-04]. ISBN 1936113422. (原始内容存档于2018-05-05).
- Wilson, Calum & Davies, Noel & Corkrey, Ross & J. Wilson, Annabel & M. Mathews, Alison & C. Westmore, Guy. (2017). Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis determines association of individual potato foliage volatiles with onion thrips preference, cultivar and plant age. PLOS ONE. 12. e0181831. 10.1371/journal.pone.0181831.
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