突厥沙希王朝
突厥沙希王朝是一個665年至850年統治喀布里斯坦、迦畢試、訶達羅支與犍陀羅等地（今阿富汗）的西突厥或西突厥-嚈噠王朝[3][4] ，以喀布爾為都。六世紀中葉起突厥人自河中地區向東南方涅扎克匈人的領地擴張，占領巴克特里亞和興都庫什等地，產生了數個獨立政權[5]，突厥沙希王朝便是其中之一，可能曾是鄰近的吐火羅葉護政權之附庸[3]。七世紀中葉巴爾哈特勤建立了突厥沙希王朝，此時期阿拉伯帝國開始向東擴張，其子烏散特勤灑在位期間曾與其發生數次衝突。九世紀突厥沙希王朝被阿拔斯帝國擊敗，被迫改宗伊斯蘭教並向後者納貢[2]，850年末代國王拉格圖爾曼被他的一名婆羅門官員廢黜，政權由印度沙希王朝取代[6]。870年薩法爾王朝佔領了喀布爾[7]。
Turk Shahis 突厥沙希王朝 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 665—850 CE[1][2] | |||||||||||||||||
 一位突厥沙希王朝早期的君主
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| 首都 | 喀布爾 | ||||||||||||||||
| 常用语言 | 巴克特里亞語 | ||||||||||||||||
| 宗教 | 佛教、古波斯信仰 | ||||||||||||||||
| Tegin | |||||||||||||||||
• 665－680 | 巴爾哈特勤 | ||||||||||||||||
• 680－739 | 烏散特勤灑 | ||||||||||||||||
• 739－745 | 拂菻罽婆 | ||||||||||||||||
• 745－? | 勃匐准 | ||||||||||||||||
• ?－c. 850 | 拉格圖爾曼 | ||||||||||||||||
| 历史时期 | 中世紀早期 | ||||||||||||||||
• 建立 | 665 | ||||||||||||||||
• 终结 | 850 CE[1][2] | ||||||||||||||||
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| 今属于 | 阿富汗、巴基斯坦 | ||||||||||||||||
參考文獻
- "Contained within a clay urn were a gold bracteate with the portrait of a ruler, three early drachms of the Turk-Shahis (Type 236, one of which is countermarked), and a countermarked drachm of the Sasanian king 霍斯劳二世 dating from year 37 of his reign (= 626/7). The two countermarks on Khusro 's drachm prove that the urn could only have been deposited after 689" ALRAM, MICHAEL. (PDF). The Numismatic Chronicle. 2014, 174: 282–285. ISSN 0078-2696. JSTOR 44710198.
- Alram, Michael; Filigenzi, Anna; Kinberger, Michaela; Nell, Daniel; Pfisterer, Matthias; Vondrovec, Klaus. . Pro.geo.univie.ac.at. Kunsthistorisches Museum Vienna. [July 22, 2017]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-10）. 参数
|newspaper=与模板{{cite web}}不匹配（建议改用{{cite news}}或|website=） (帮助) - Kim, Hyun Jin. . Routledge. 19 November 2015: 58–59 [2021-05-01]. ISBN 978-1-317-34090-4. （原始内容存档于2021-03-02）.
- "The advance of Islamic forces both into Tokharistan in the north and into Zabulistan farther south was opposed by local rulers of probably Western Turkish identity" in Vondrovec, Klaus. : 181. [2021-05-01]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-13）.
- "The period from 560 CE onwards would be that of the Western Turks, although it is not clear how and foremost when they gained power over Bactria and the Hindukush-region. Minoru Inaba states that "gradually having extended their power, they came to be independent ..."" in Vondrovec, Klaus. : 173. [2021-05-01]. （原始内容存档于2021-11-13）.
- . pro.geo.univie.ac.at. [26 March 2020]. （原始内容存档于2021-03-10）.
- Chopra, P.N. . Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2003 [2021-05-01]. ISBN 978-81-207-2503-4. （原始内容存档于2022-04-07）.
- Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (2007). Historic Cities of the Islamic World. p. 280.
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