哲学与经济学
哲学与经济学(英語:,縮寫:P&E)是一门跨学科研究领域,虽属哲學、政治學及經濟學,但更倾向专注于哲学与经济学的基础问题,研究理性选择、经济成果、制度和过程评估、经济现象的本体论以及获得知识的可能性等主题,涉及哲学及经济学领域的学科基础问题:自由、真理、知识、公正、正义、平等、安全、和平、理性、生态、幸福、社会福利、伦理学、道德、人类行为学等。
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哲学 |
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哲学主题 |
经济学 |
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经济学主题首页 |
研究主题
哲学与经济学的研究课题包括公共经济学、行为经济学、理性、正义、经济思想史、理性选择理论、制度经济学,高度理想化的经济模型的地位,经济现象的本体论以及获得知识的可能性。[1]
哲学与经济学学科研究领域可主要划分为三个主题,即行动理论(理性与决策)、伦理学(福利与正义)和科学哲学(经济学的历史、哲学和方法论)。理性、福利和社会选择理论的经济理论捍卫了通常由相关哲学文献提供的实质性哲学论点,涵盖行动理论、哲学心理学、社会和政治哲学。经济学则吸引对认识论和科学哲学研究者,因为它具有自然科学的明显特征,而其对象由社会现象组成。[2]
经济学的方法论和认识论
认识论处理我们如何“知道”事物。在经济学哲学中,这意味着提出以下问题:经济理论提出了什么样的“真理主张”?我们如何或应该如何证明经济理论——例如,每一个经济理论都必须是经验可验证的吗?经济理论有多精确,能否声称是一门精确科学的地位——例如,经济预测是否与自然科学中的预测一样可靠,为什么或为什么不可靠? [4]
主要学者
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关联学科
经济体制伦理学(ethics of economic systems)是商业伦理学和经济学哲学(philosophy of economics)之间的重叠领域。撰写经济体制伦理学的人更有可能称自己为政治哲学家,而不是商业伦理学家或经济哲学家。经济学中的理论性问题与经济学哲学之间存在显着的重叠。由于经济学被普遍认为起源于哲学,经济学史与经济学哲学重叠。
学位设置
一些大学提供结合哲學、政治學及經濟學的联合学位,涵盖了哲学与经济学中讨论的许多问题。另有少数大学,例如倫敦政治經濟學院、爱丁堡大学[15]、布里斯托尔大学、鹿特丹伊拉斯姆斯大学、哥本哈根商学院、维也纳大学和拜罗伊特大学提供“哲学与经济学”专业的硕士学位。
学术期刊
- Economics and Philosophy (页面存档备份,存于)
- Erasmus Journal for Philosophy and Economics (页面存档备份,存于)
- Philosophy and Public Affairs
- Politics, Philosophy & Economics – Aims and Scope
参考资料
- Walter Veit (2019). Model Pluralism. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 50(2), 91–114. https://doi.org/10.1177/0048393119894897
- . [2022-06-25]. (原始内容存档于2014-04-03).
- For example:
- For example:
- D. Wade Hands (2008). "philosophy and economics", The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract (页面存档备份,存于).
- Roger E. Backhouse (2008). "methodology of economics", The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Abstract (页面存档备份,存于).
- Alexander Rosenberg (1976). Microeconomic Laws: A Philosophical Analysis, University of Pittsburgh Press. Description 的存檔,存档日期2012-01-12. and Preview (页面存档备份,存于).
- _____ (1983). "If Economics Isn't Science, What Is It?" Philosophical Forum, 14, pp. 296–314.
- _____ (1986). "What Rosenberg's Philosophy of Economics Is Not", Philosophy of Science, 53(1), pp. 127–132. JSTOR 187927
- Douglas W. Hands (1984). "What Economics Is Not: An Economist's Response to Rosenberg", Philosophy of Science, 51(3), pp. 495–503. JSTOR 187496
- Bruce J. Caldwell ([1982] 1994). Beyond Positivism: Economic Methodology in the Twentieth Century, 2nd ed. Routledge. Preview (页面存档备份,存于).
- Daniel M. Hausman (1980). "How to Do Philosophy of Economics", PSA: Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association, 1, pp. 353–362. JSTOR 192578
- _____ (1983). "The Limits of Economic Science", in The Limits of Lawfulness: Studies on the Scope and Nature of Scientific Knowledge, N. Rescher, ed. Reprinted in D.M. Hausman (1992 Essays on Philosophy and Economic Methodology, pp. 99–108 (页面存档备份,存于).
- Daniel M. Hausman (1989). "Economic Methodology in a Nutshell", Journal of Economic Perspectives, 3(2), pp. 115–127 (页面存档备份,存于).
- _____ (1992). The Inexact and Separate Science of Economics. Description (页面存档备份,存于), to ch. 1 excerpt (页面存档备份,存于), preview (页面存档备份,存于), and reviews: JSTOR 2185742JSTOR 687635
- Kevin D. Hoover (1995). "Review Article: Why Does Methodology Matter for Economics?" Economic Journal, 105(430), pp. 715–734 (页面存档备份,存于).
- Vernon L. Smith (2003). "Constructivist and Ecological Rationality in Economics", American Economic Review, 93(3), pp. 465–508. 的存檔,存档日期2012-01-11.
- _____ (2008). "experimental economics", The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition, Abstract (页面存档备份,存于).
- Francesco Guala (2005). The Methodology of Experimental Economics, Cambridge. Description/contents links Archive.is的存檔,存档日期2012-07-21 and ch. 1 excerpt. 的存檔,存档日期2012-09-17.
- Paul Anand (1993, 1995). "Foundations of Rational Choice Under Risk". Oxford. Oxford University Press.
- Cristina Bicchieri (1993). Rationality and Coordination. Cambridge. Description (页面存档备份,存于) and chapter-preview links, pp. v-vi (页面存档备份,存于). Game-theory links (页面存档备份,存于).
- For example:
- Amartya K. Sen (1970 [1984]). Collective Choice and Social Welfare. Elsevier.
- Daniel M. Hausman and Michael S. McPherson (1993). "Taking Ethics Seriously: Economics and Contemporary Moral Philosophy", Journal of Economic Literature, 31(2), pp. 671–731 (页面存档备份,存于).
- _____ ([1994] 2005), 2nd Ed. Economic Analysis and Moral Philosophy. Cambridge University Press.
- Hal R. Varian (1975). "Distributive Justice, Welfare Economics, and the Theory of Fairness", Philosophy & Public Affairs 4(3), pp. 223–247. JSTOR 2265084
- Amartya Sen (1987). On Ethics and Economics, Blackwell.
- Amartya Sen (1990). "Justice: Means versus Freedoms," Philosophy & Public Affairs, 19(2), pp. 111-121.
- For example:
- What Is the Mises Institute? Mission Statement (页面存档备份,存于).
- Praxeology: The Methodology of Austrian Economics Praxeology: The Methodology of Austrian Economics (页面存档备份,存于). Murray N. Rothbard (1976)
- Amartya Sen (2008). "Culture and Development." 的存檔,存档日期2011-10-05.
- For example: Drucilla Barker & Edith Kuiper eds., . Routledge. 2003. ISBN 0-415-28388-4.
- . www.ed.ac.uk. [9 July 2022]. (原始内容存档于2022-04-03).