虎鳳蝶

虎鳳蝶(學名:Luehdorfia puziloi)是鳳蝶科虎鳳蝶屬的一種蝴蝶,也是其模式種,分佈於東亞,包括中國黑龍江省吉林省遼寧省俄羅斯朝鮮半島、日本北海道本州北至中部。翅膀有淡黃色的白色和黑色條紋圖案,後翅的亞外緣和臀角附近有紅色和藍色的斑點。有尾狀突起。[2][3]

虎鳳蝶
化石时期:從新近紀中新世至今[1]

未予评估IUCN 3.1
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 节肢动物门 Arthropoda
纲: 昆虫纲 Insecta
目: 鱗翅目 Lepidoptera
总科: 鳳蝶總科 Papilionoidea
科: 鳳蝶科 Papilionidae
属: 虎鳳蝶屬 Luehdorfia
种:
虎鳳蝶 L. puziloi
二名法
Luehdorfia puziloi
(Erschoff, 1872)
亞種

共8個亞種,詳閱正文。

異名
  • Thais puziloi Erschoff, 1872

一年一代,成蟲多見於4至5月,棲息於闊葉林,溪流附近等環境。飛行迅速,有訪花及落地吸水的習性。在北海道見於平地及山地,本州見於低山地落葉闊葉林。幼蟲以有毒性的馬兜鈴科細辛屬植物為寄主[2][3]

保護

被列入中國國家林業局令國家保護的有益的或者有重要經濟、科學研究價值的陸生野生動物名錄[4]。在日本各地有開展保育活動[3]

形態

小型鳳蝶。翅底色呈淡黃色,前翅具有多條黑色縱帶,外緣寬帶內嵌有黃色短條斑和較為不明顯的黃色橫線。後翅鋸齒狀,齒凹處具有黃色彎月形斑紋,外側具黑色和黃白色的邊,後翅上半部具有黑色條帶,中後部具不明顯的新月形紅斑,紅斑外側具有藍斑,臀角具有紅藍黑三色圓斑。尾突較短。[2]

習性

成蝶白天時於森林低矮的地方緩慢飛行,如森林地面,而在森林的高處則相當快地飛行。愛訪花,包括豬牙花堇菜科杜鵑花目花卉,並有登峰集性,也會吸水[3]

幼蟲的寄主為有毒性的馬兜鈴科細辛屬Asarum)植物,包括細辛A. sieboldii)和庫頁細辛A. heterotropoides)。[3][5][6][7]

亞種

  • L. p. puziloi 指名亞種,分佈於俄羅斯東南部[8][9][10]
  • L. p. coreana Matsumura, 1927 分佈於韓國[11]
  • L. p. inexpecta Sheljuzhko, 1913 分佈於日本[12][13]
  • L. p. jezoensis Matsumura
  • L. p. lenzeni Bryk, 1938 分佈於中國[14]
  • L. p. lingjangensis (Lee, 1982) 臨江亞種,分佈於中國吉林[15]
  • L. p. machimuraorum Fujioka, 2003 分佈於俄羅斯東南部[10]
  • L. p. yessoensis Rothschild, 1918 分佈於日本[16][13]

參考

  1. Condamine, F. L., Rolland, J., Höhna, S., Sperling, F. A., & Sanmartín, I. (2018). Testing the role of the Red Queen and Court Jester as drivers of the macroevolution of Apollo butterflies. Systematic biology, 67(6), 940-964. (英文)
  2. 武春生、徐堉峯. . 海峡书局. 2017: 237-238. ISBN 9787556703029.
  3. 日本チョウ類保全協会 [日本蝴蝶保護協會] (2012). フィールドガイド 日本のチョウ 日本産全種がフィールド写真で検索可能 [野外指南 日本蝴蝶 所有來自日本的物種都可以使用現場照片進行搜索]. 東京: 誠文堂新光社. p50-51. (日語)
  4. 寿建新 周尧 李宇飞. . 中國: 陝西科學技術出版社. 2006-04-01: 21. ISBN 9787536936768 (中文(简体)).
  5. Makita, H., Shinkawa, T., Kazumasa, O., Kondo, A., Nakazawa, T., 2000. Phylogeny of Luehdorfia butterflies inferred from mitochondrial ND5 gene sequences. Entomological Science 3: 321-329.
  6. Chunsheng, W., 2001. Zhongguo dong wu zhi. Kun chong gang. Di 25 juan, Lin chi mu feng die ke : feng die ya ke, ju feng die ya ke, juan die ya ke / Wu Chunsheng bian zhu ; Zhongguo ke xue yuan Zhongguo dong wu zhi bian ji wei yuan hui zhu bian. Fauna Sinica, Insecta Vol. 25: Lepidoptera Papilionidae; Papilioninae, Zerynthiinae, Parnassiinae. Beijing, Ke xue chu ban she, 367 pp.
  7. Tuzov, Bogdanov, Devyatkin, Kaabak, Korolev, Murzin, Samodurov, Tarasov, 1997. Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories: Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Satyridae Butts. Russia adj. terr. 1, 148
  8. Crüger, 1878. Ueber Schmetterlinge von Wladiwostok Verh. Ver. naturw. Unterhalt. Hamburg 3: 128
  9. Erschoff, 1872. Diagnoses de quelques espèces nouvelles de Lépidoptères appartenat à la faune de la Russiae Asiatique Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 8 (4) : 315
  10. Fujioka, T., 2003. A new subspecies of Luehdorfia puziloi from the northernmost locality of Luehdorfia. Gekken-Mushi 385: 2-3.
  11. Matsumura, 1927. A list of the butterflies of Corea, with description of new species, subspecies and aberrations Insecta Matsumurana 1 (4): 163
  12. Sheljuzhko, 1913; Lepidopterologische Notizen Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 27 (1): 20
  13. Bryk, F., 1934. Baroniidae, Teinopalpidae, Parnassiidae, Part.I. Das Tierreich, Deutschen Zoologische Gesellschaft im Auftrag der Preussischen Akademie der Wissensch. Berlin und Lepizig, 64: I-XXIII, 1-131.
  14. Savela, M., 2005. Lepidoptera and some other life forms. Accessed December 2005.
  15. Chou, 1994. Monografia Rhopalocerorum Sinensium 1: 188 (简体中文)
  16. Rothschild, 1918. Catalogue of Zerynthiinae and Allied Genera in the Tring Museum Novit. Zool. 25: 64

文獻

  • Shirôzu, T., Hara, A., 1973. Early stages of Japanese butterflies in colour. Vol. I. Osaka, Hoikusha.
  • Ackery, 1975, A guide to the genera and species of Parnassinae (Lepidoptera : Papilionidae) Bull. Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Ent. 31 (4): 92, pl. 11, f. 85-86
  • Hara, S., Ochiai, H., 1980. On a hybrid between male Luehdorfia japonica and female L. puziloi inexpecta. Tyô to Ga 31: 97-101.
  • Lee, C., 1982. First report of distribution and living condition of three Luehdorfia from China. Yadoriga 107/108: 39.
  • Matsumoto, K., 1984. Population dynamics of Luehdorfia japonica Leech (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). I. a preliminary study on the adult population. Researches on Population Ecology 26: 1-12.
  • Matsumoto, K., 1987. Mating patterns of a sphragis-bearing butterfly, Luehdorfia japonica Leech (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), with descriptions of mating behavior. Researches on Population Ecology 29: 97-110.
  • Matsumoto, K., 1989. Effects of aggregation on the survival and development on different host plants in a papilionid butterfly, Luehdorfia japonica Leech. Jpn. J. ent. 57: 853-860.
  • Matsumoto, K., 1990. Population dynamics of Luehdorfia japonica Leech (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). II. Patterns of mortality in immatures in relation to egg cluster size. Researches on Population Ecology 32: 173-188.
  • Matsumoto, K., Ito, F., Tsubaki, Y., 1993. Egg cluster size variation in relation to the larval food abundance in Luehdorfia puziloi (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Researches on Population Ecology 35: 325-333.
  • Nardelli, U., 1993. Bemerkungen zur Zucht einiger Zerynthiini und Parnassiini (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Entomologische Zeitschrift 103: 213-228.
  • Tsubaki, Y., Matsumoto, K., 1998. Fluctuating asymmetry and male mating success in a sphragis bearing butterfly Luehdorfia japonica (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Journal of Insect Behaviour 11: 571-582.
  • Korb & Bolshakov, 2011. [A catalogue of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilioformes) of the former USSR. Second edition, reformatted and updated] (in Russian) Eversmannia Suppl. 2 : 12
  • Leley, 2016. Annotated catalogue of the insects of Russian Far East. Volume II. Lepidoptera Cat. ins. Russian Far East. 2页面存档备份,存于 (俄文)

外部連結

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