西山起义
西山起义(英語:)或西山-阮主战争(越南语:/),是西山领导的越南农民起义的一系列军事冲突的统称,由阮岳、阮惠和阮侣三兄弟领导,始于1771年,终于1802年。当时阮福映(也就是嘉隆皇帝,阮主的后裔)击败了西山并重新统一了大越,随后将国家更名为越南。
西山战争
Tây Sơn wars | |||||||
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![]() 18世紀末的越南,阮主的领土为绿色;黄色和灰色的区域被西山领导人阮岳和阮惠控制 | |||||||
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交战方 | |||||||
越南华人 (和义军) 郑主 (1774–1786) | |||||||
指挥官和领导者 | |||||||
李才 † (1775–1777)
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军事实力 | |||||||
西山: 25,000 (1774) 60,000 (1794达到顶峰)[1] 华南海盗: 50,000 (1802)[2] |
阮主: 22,740[3] (1771)
郑主: 超30,000 (1786)
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伤亡和损失 | |||||||
100万-200万平民 |
外部链接
另请参见
参考资料
- Dutton 2006, p. 132.
- Kleinen & Osseweijer 2010, p. 33.
- Tarling 1999, p. 427.
- McLeod 1991, p. 9.
- Mantienne 1999, p. 129.
- Tucker 1999, p. 15.
- Kiernan 2019, p. 261.
相关书目
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. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. 1988. ISBN 0-674-93721-X.
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- Dutton, George. . Journal of Southeast Asian Studies (London: University of London). 2005, 13 (2): 157–183. S2CID 147196835. doi:10.5367/0000000054604506.
- Friedland, William H. . American Journal of Sociology (Chicago: University of Chicago). 1977, 83 (2): 520–521. doi:10.1086/226584.
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- Holcombe, Charles. . A History of East Asia: From the Origins of Civilization to the Twenty-First Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). 2018: 199–216. ISBN 9781107118737. doi:10.1017/9781316340356.011.
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拓展阅读
- . Princeton University: The Branch. 1882: 41–219.
- Bissachère, Pierre Jacques Lamonnier de La. . Harvard University: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. 1824 (法语).
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- Crawfurd, John. . University of California: H. Colburn and R. Bentley. 1830.
- Bridgman, Elijah Coleman. . Harvard University. 1840: 205–212. ISBN 9781377644080.
- Society for the Propagation of the Faith. . Cornell University: Institution. 1919.
- Father Adriano di, St. Thecla; Dror, Olga; Berezovska, Mariya; Taylor, K. W.; Jensen, Lionel M. . Cornell University Press. 2018. ISBN 9781501719073.
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