西山起义

西山起义英語:)或西山-阮主战争越南语),是西山领导的越南农民起义的一系列军事冲突的统称,由阮岳阮惠阮侣三兄弟领导,始于1771年,终于1802年。当时阮福映(也就是嘉隆皇帝,阮主的后裔)击败了西山并重新统一了大越,随后将国家更名为越南

18世纪60年代的大越。郑主的领土被称为“东京”,而阮主的领土被称为“交趾支那
西山战争

Tây Sơn wars



18世紀末的越南,阮主的领土为绿色;黄色和灰色的区域被西山领导人阮岳阮惠控制
日期 1771年8月1日 – 1802年7月22日 (1771-08-01 1802-07-22)

(共30年, 11个月零22天)
地点
结果

阮主胜利

交战方

西山

占族

越南华人(1771–1777)

华南海盗

阮主

柬埔寨王国

暹罗

 法兰西王国(1778–1802年间)

万象王国

越南华人 (和义军)


郑主 (1774–1786)


Qing dynasty 清朝 (1788–1789)

昭统帝领导的越南皇家军队

指挥官和领导者

阮惠

阮岳

阮侣

阮光纘  Executed

吴文楚

阮文佐  Executed

李才 (1771–1775)

陈添保

郑一  

阮福淳  Executed

阮福映

杜清仁  Executed

黎文悦

李才   (1775–1777)

阮文豪

拉玛一世

昭披耶·阿派普贝 (本)

南塔森

Kingdom of France 路易十六 (仅限于外交)

Kingdom of France 皮埃尔·皮尼厄·德·贝艾纳

Kingdom of France 让-巴蒂斯特·沙依诺

Kingdom of France 让-马里·达约

Kingdom of France 奥利维耶·德·皮曼纽尔


郑森

郑楷  Executed

郑槰


Qing dynasty 孙士毅

Qing dynasty 岑宜栋  

昭统帝

军事实力

西山: 25,000 (1774) 60,000 (1794达到顶峰)[1]


华南海盗: 50,000 (1802)[2]

阮主: 22,740[3] (1771)

30,000[4]–50,000[5]

暹罗人: 30,000[6]

柬埔寨人: 20,000

Kingdom of France 法国: 1,600雇佣军


郑主: 超30,000 (1786)


Qing dynasty 清朝: 20,000–200,000[7] (1788–1789)

伤亡和损失

100万-200万平民

外部链接

另请参见

参考资料

  1. Dutton 2006, p. 132.
  2. Kleinen & Osseweijer 2010, p. 33.
  3. Tarling 1999, p. 427.
  4. McLeod 1991, p. 9.
  5. Mantienne 1999, p. 129.
  6. Tucker 1999, p. 15.
  7. Kiernan 2019, p. 261.

相关书目

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  • Reid (编). . Cambridge University Press. 2006. ISBN 9781316445044.
  • Wilcox, Wynn, , Reid (编), , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press: 194–216, 2006, ISBN 9781316445044
  • Coedès, George. Walter F. Vella , 编. . Trans: Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. 1968. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
  • Li, Tana. . Cornell University Press. 2018. ISBN 9781501732577.
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  • Mantienne, Frédéric. . Journal of Southeast Asian Studies (Singapore: Cambridge University Press). 2003, 34 (3): 519534. S2CID 162778534. doi:10.1017/S0022463403000468.
  • Dutton, George. . Journal of Southeast Asian Studies (London: University of London). 2005, 13 (2): 157183. S2CID 147196835. doi:10.5367/0000000054604506.
  • Friedland, William H. . American Journal of Sociology (Chicago: University of Chicago). 1977, 83 (2): 520–521. doi:10.1086/226584.
  • Chandler, David P.; Owen, Norman G. . University of Hawaii Press. 2005. ISBN 0824828909.
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  • Holcombe, Charles. . A History of East Asia: From the Origins of Civilization to the Twenty-First Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). 2018: 199216. ISBN 9781107118737. doi:10.1017/9781316340356.011.
  • Clodfelter, Michael. . Jefferson: McFarland & Co. 1995. ISBN 978-0-7864-0027-0.
  • Ooi, Keat Gin (编). . ABC-CLIO. 2004. ISBN 9781576077719.
  • Choi, Byung Wook. . SEAP Publications. 2004. ISBN 978-0-87727-138-3.
  • Victor Lieberman, Victor B. . Cambridge University Press. 2003. ISBN 978-0-521-80496-7.
  • Wilcox, Wynn. . Cornell University, Southeast Asia Program. 2010. ISBN 9780877277828.
  • McLeod, Mark W. . New York: Praeger. 1991. ISBN 0-275-93562-0.
  • Wang, Wensheng. . Harvard University Press. 2014. ISBN 9780674727991.
  • Andaya, Barbara Watson; Andaya, Leonard Y. . Cambridge University Press. 2015. ISBN 9780521889926.
  • Walker, Hugh Dyson. . 2012. ISBN 978-1477265161.
  • Reid, Anthony. . Wiley. 2015. ISBN 9781118512951.
  • Hoang, Anh Tuấn. . Brill. 2007. ISBN 978-9-04-742169-6.
  • Trần, Khánh. . Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 1993. ISBN 9789813016668.
  • Reid, Anthony (编). . Cornell University Press. 2018. ISBN 9781501732171.
  • Dutton (编). . Columbia University Press. 2012. ISBN 978-0-231-51110-0.

拓展阅读

  • . Princeton University: The Branch. 1882: 41–219.
  • Bissachère, Pierre Jacques Lamonnier de La. . Harvard University: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green. 1824 (法语).
  • White, John. . The Bavarian State Library: Galignani. 1812.
  • Crawfurd, John. . University of California: H. Colburn and R. Bentley. 1830.
  • Bridgman, Elijah Coleman. . Harvard University. 1840: 205–212. ISBN 9781377644080.
  • Society for the Propagation of the Faith. . Cornell University: Institution. 1919.
  • Father Adriano di, St. Thecla; Dror, Olga; Berezovska, Mariya; Taylor, K. W.; Jensen, Lionel M. . Cornell University Press. 2018. ISBN 9781501719073.
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