鋦的同位素

鋦有从²³³Cm到²⁵¹Cm共19种同位素以及10种同核异构体，全部都有放射性。其中，²⁴⁷Cm最稳定，半衰期1560万年，是之后所有原子序更高的核素半衰期的至少一万倍。它是R-过程产生的绝种核素。[1][2]锔最稳定的同核异构体则是^246mCm，半衰期1.12秒。

圖表

符號	Z（ p ）	N（ n ）	同位素質量（u）	半衰期	衰變方式[3][n 1]	衰變產物[n 2]	原子核自旋
符號	激發能量			半衰期	衰變方式[3][n 1]	衰變產物[n 2]	原子核自旋
²³³Cm	96	137	233.05077(8)	1# min	β⁺	²³³Am	3/2+#
²³³Cm	96	137	233.05077(8)	1# min	α	²²⁹Pu	3/2+#
²³⁴Cm	96	138	234.05016(2)	51(12) s	β⁺	²³⁴Am	0+
²³⁴Cm	96	138	234.05016(2)	51(12) s	α	²³⁰Pu	0+
²³⁵Cm	96	139	235.05143(22)#	5# min	β⁺	²³⁵Am	5/2+#
²³⁵Cm	96	139	235.05143(22)#	5# min	α	²³¹Pu	5/2+#
²³⁶Cm	96	140	236.05141(22)#	10# min	β⁺	²³⁶Am	0+
²³⁶Cm	96	140	236.05141(22)#	10# min	α	²³²Pu	0+
²³⁷Cm	96	141	237.05290(22)#	20# min	β⁺	²³⁷Am	5/2+#
²³⁷Cm	96	141	237.05290(22)#	20# min	α	²³³Pu	5/2+#
²³⁸Cm	96	142	238.05303(4)	2.4(1) h	ε (90%)	²³⁸Am	0+
²³⁸Cm	96	142	238.05303(4)	2.4(1) h	α (10%)	²³⁴Pu	0+
²³⁹Cm	96	143	239.05496(11)#	~2.9 h	β⁺ (99.9%)	²³⁹Am	(7/2−)
²³⁹Cm	96	143	239.05496(11)#	~2.9 h	α (.1%)	²³⁵Pu	(7/2−)
²⁴⁰Cm	96	144	240.0555295(25)	27(1) d	α (99.5%)	²³⁶Pu	0+
					ε (.5%)	²⁴⁰Am
					SF (3.9×10⁻⁶%)	(various)
²⁴¹Cm	96	145	241.0576530(23)	32.8(2) d	ε (99%)	²⁴¹Am	1/2+
²⁴¹Cm	96	145	241.0576530(23)	32.8(2) d	α (1%)	²³⁷Pu	1/2+
²⁴²Cm[n 3]	96	146	242.0588358(20)	162.8(2) d	α	²³⁸Pu	0+
					SF (6.33×10⁻⁶%)	(various)
					CD (10⁻¹⁴%)[n 4]	²⁰⁸Pb ³⁴Si
²⁴³Cm	96	147	243.0613891(22)	29.1(1) y	α (99.71%)	²³⁹Pu	5/2+
					ε (.29%)	²⁴³Am
					SF (5.3×10⁻⁹%)	(various)
^243mCm	87.4(1) keV			1.08(3) µs			1/2+
²⁴⁴Cm[n 3]	96	148	244.0627526(20)	18.10(2) y	α	²⁴⁰Pu	0+
²⁴⁴Cm[n 3]	96	148	244.0627526(20)	18.10(2) y	SF (1.34×10⁻⁴%)	(various)	0+
^244mCm	1040.188(12) keV			34(2) ms	IT	²⁴⁴Cm	6+
²⁴⁵Cm	96	149	245.0654912(22)	8.5(1)×10³ y	α	²⁴¹Pu	7/2+
²⁴⁵Cm	96	149	245.0654912(22)	8.5(1)×10³ y	SF (6.1×10⁻⁷%)	(various)	7/2+
^245mCm	355.90(10) keV			290(20) ns			1/2+
²⁴⁶Cm	96	150	246.0672237(22)	4.76(4)×10³ y	α (99.97%)	²⁴²Pu	0+
²⁴⁶Cm	96	150	246.0672237(22)	4.76(4)×10³ y	SF (.0261%)	(various)	0+
^246mCm	1179.66(13) keV			1.12(0.24) s	IT	²⁴⁶Cm	8-
²⁴⁷Cm	96	151	247.070354(5)	1.56(5)×10⁷ y	α	²⁴³Pu	9/2−
²⁴⁸Cm	96	152	248.072349(5)	3.48(6)×10⁵ y	α (91.74%)	²⁴⁴Pu	0+
²⁴⁸Cm	96	152	248.072349(5)	3.48(6)×10⁵ y	SF (8.26%)	(various)	0+
²⁴⁹Cm	96	153	249.075953(5)	64.15(3) min	β⁻	²⁴⁹Bk	1/2(+)
^249mCm	48.758(17) keV			23 µs			(7/2+)
²⁵⁰Cm	96	154	250.078357(12)	8,300# y	SF (80%)[n 5]	(various)	0+
					α (11%)	²⁴⁶Pu
					β⁻ (9%)	²⁵⁰Bk
²⁵¹Cm	96	155	251.082285(24)	16.8(2) min	β⁻	²⁵¹Bk	(1/2+)

備註：畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的證明，只是理論推測而已，而用括號括起來的代表數據不確定性。

←	同位素列表	→
鋂的同位素	鋦的同位素	锫的同位素

註釋

Abbreviations:
CD: Cluster decay
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
SF: Spontaneous fission
Bold for stable isotopes
Most common isotopes
Heaviest known nuclide to undergo cluster decay
Lightest nuclide to undergo spontaneous fission as the main decay mode

参考文獻

Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Yagüe López, Andrés; Vassh, Nicole; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Világos, Blanka; Soós, Benjámin; Arcones, Almudena; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Surman, Rebecca; Pignatari, Marco; Pető, Mária K.; Wehmeyer, Benjamin; Rauscher, Thomas; Lugaro, Maria. . Science. 26 February 2021, 371 (6532): 945–948. PMID 33632846. S2CID 232050526. arXiv:2006.04833 . doi:10.1126/science.aba1111.
Davis, A.M.; McKeegan, K.D. . Treatise on Geochemistry. 2014: 383. ISBN 9780080983004. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00113-3.
. nucleonica. [2015-11-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.

Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) （页面存档备份，存于）. Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) （页面存档备份，存于）.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[4] Abbreviations:
CD: Cluster decay
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
SF: Spontaneous fission

[5] Bold for stable isotopes

[c-6] Most common isotopes

[7] Heaviest known nuclide to undergo cluster decay

[8] Lightest nuclide to undergo spontaneous fission as the main decay mode

[Cm-Côté-1] Côté, Benoit; Eichler, Marius; Yagüe López, Andrés; Vassh, Nicole; Mumpower, Matthew R.; Világos, Blanka; Soós, Benjámin; Arcones, Almudena; Sprouse, Trevor M.; Surman, Rebecca; Pignatari, Marco; Pető, Mária K.; Wehmeyer, Benjamin; Rauscher, Thomas; Lugaro, Maria. . Science. 26 February 2021, 371 (6532): 945–948. PMID 33632846. S2CID 232050526. arXiv:2006.04833 . doi:10.1126/science.aba1111.

[Cm-Davis-2] Davis, A.M.; McKeegan, K.D. . Treatise on Geochemistry. 2014: 383. ISBN 9780080983004. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00113-3.

[3] . nucleonica. [2015-11-03]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-19）.