茅膏菜屬

茅膏菜属（學名：Drosera），又名毛氈苔属，屬於多年生草本植物，同屬約有170多種，此屬是在食蟲植物中種類最多、分佈最廣的一群。茅膏菜的葉片為圓形，葉片邊緣密佈可分泌黏液的腺毛，當昆蟲落上葉面時，即會被粘住。腺毛極為敏感，如有外物觸及，即向內和向下運動，將蟲緊壓於葉面，當昆蟲逐漸消化後，腺毛即恢復原狀。

茅膏菜属
小毛氈苔 Drosera spatulata
科学分类 编辑
界： 植物界 Plantae
演化支： Tracheophyta
演化支： 被子植物 Angiosperms
演化支： 真双子叶植物 Eudicots
目： 石竹目 Caryophyllales
科： 茅膏菜科 Droseraceae
属： 茅膏菜属 Drosera
L., 1753
模式種
圆叶茅膏菜
Drosera rotundifolia
L., 1753
种

见茅膏菜屬列表.

多数生長在帶點酸性貧瘠的土地，平常以昆蟲維生，也有一部分生活在较为干旱的地带，仅盐湖茅膏菜Drosera salina 一种生长在干旱的盐碱湖附近，那里的昆虫少之又少。

属名Drosera源于希腊语drosos，意为“露珠”，指本属植物叶片上的腺毛顶端膨大如露珠状。

物种

本属包括以下物种：[1]

  • 阿帝露茅膏菜 Drosera adelae
  • 阿菲尼斯茅膏菜 Drosera affinis
  • 爱丽丝茅膏菜 Drosera aliciae
  • 晓美茅膏菜 Drosera allantostigma
  • 仙女座茅膏菜 Drosera cv. Andromeda
  • 英国茅膏菜 Drosera anglica
  • 贝莉茅膏菜 Drosera × belezeana
  • 双花茅膏菜 Drosera biflora
  • 叉叶茅膏菜 Drosera binata
  • 布鲁姆斯茅膏菜 Drosera broomensis
  • 布凯茅膏菜 Drosera burkeana
  • 锦地罗 Drosera burmanni
  • Drosera buubugujin M.T.Mathieson[2]
  • 好望角茅膏菜 Drosera capensis
  • 绒毛茅膏菜 Drosera capillaris
  • 卡巴茅膏菜 Drosera cv. Carbarup
  • 科林西茅膏菜 Drosera × corinthiaca
  • 精致茅膏菜 Drosera cuneifolia
  • 德彼毛氈苔 Drosera derbyensis
  • 狄尔斯茅膏菜 Drosera dielsiana
  • 无节茅膏菜 Drosera enodes
  • 大肉饼茅膏菜 Drosera falconeri
  • 丝叶茅膏菜 Drosera filiformis
  • 格拉莫哥茅膏菜 Drosera graomogolensis
  • 汉密尔顿茅膏菜 Drosera hamiltonii
  • 种脐茅膏菜 Drosera hilaris
  • 长叶茅膏菜 Drosera indica
  • 长柄茅膏菜 Drosera intermedia
  • Drosera maanyaa-gooljoo A.Fleischm. & T.Krueger [3]
  • 马达加斯加茅膏菜 Drosera madagascariensis DC., 1824
  • 壮丽茅膏菜 Drosera magnifica Rivadavia & Gonella, 2015
  • 大叶球根茅膏菜 Drosera major (Diels) Lowrie, 2013，为''Drosera bulbosa subsp. major (Diels) N.Marchant & Lowrie的异名
  • 曼尼茅膏菜 Drosera mannii Cheek， 1990
  • Drosera margaritacea T.Krueger & A.Fleischm.[4]
  • Drosera magnifica P.M. Gonella, F. Rivadavia & A. Fleischmann[5]
  • 纽喀里多尼亚茅膏菜 Drosera neocaledonica R.Hamet, 1906
  • 巢型茅膏菜 Drosera nidiformis Debbert, 1991
  • 光亮茅膏菜 Drosera nitidula Planch., 1848
  • 长柱茅膏菜 Drosera oblanceolata Y.Z.Ruan, 1981
  • 银匙茅膏菜 Drosera ordensis Lowrie, 1994
  • 长鳞茅膏菜 Drosera paleacea DC., 1824
  • 孔雀茅膏菜 Drosera paradoxa Lowrie, 1997
  • 金碟茅膏菜 Drosera patens Lowrie & Conran, 2007
  • 茅膏菜 Drosera peltata Thunb., 1797
  • 黄孔雀茅膏菜 Drosera petiolaris R.Br. ex DC., 1824
  • 平柱茅膏菜 Drosera platystigma Lehm., 1844
  • 爱心茅膏菜 Drosera prolifera
  • 美丽茅膏菜 Drosera pulchella Lehm., 1844
  • 王茅膏菜 Drosera regia Stephens, 1926
  • 圆叶茅膏菜 Drosera rotundifolia [6]
  • 蝎子茅膏菜 Drosera scorpioides
  • 斯氏茅膏菜 Drosera slackii
  • 匙叶茅膏菜 Drosera spatulata Labill., 1804
  • Drosera stipularis Baleeiro, R.W.Jobson & R.L.Barrett[7]
  • Drosera villosa St.Hil., 1824
  • Drosera xerophila A. Fleischm.[8]
栽培种：
  • 月亮湖茅膏菜 Drosera cv. Lake Badgerup

参考文献
  1. . GBIF. [2023-06-16]. （原始内容存档于2022-03-08）.
  2. M.T. Mathieson and S.L. Thompson. 2020. Drosera buubugujin M.T.Mathieson (Droseraceae, Drosera section Prolifera C.T.White), A spectacular New Species of Sundew from the Cape York Peninsula Bioregion. Austrobaileya. 10(4): 549–557.
  3. Thilo Krueger, Adam T. Cross, Dambimangari Rangers and Andreas Fleischmann. 2023. Drosera maanyaa-gooljoo, A New Species of Drosera section Arachnopus (Droseraceae) from the Buccaneer Archipelago and Yampi Peninsula, northwest Kimberley Region, Western Australia. Phytotaxa. 618(1); 31-46. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.618.1.3
  4. Thilo Krueger and Andreas Fleischmann. 2021. A New Species of Drosera Section Arachnopus (Droseraceae) from the western Kimberley, Australia, and Amendments to the Range and Circumscription of Drosera finlaysoniana. Phytotaxa. 501(1); 56–84. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.501.1.2
  5. Paulo Minatel Gonella, Fernando Rivadavia and Andreas Fleischmann. 2015. Drosera magnifica (Droseraceae): The Largest New World Sundew, discovered on Facebook. Phytotaxa. 220 (3): 257–267. DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.220.3.4
  6. F.P. Coritico and A. Fleischmann. 2016. The First Record of the Boreal Bog Species Drosera rotundifolia (Droseraceae) from the Philippines, and A Key to the Philippine Sundews. Blumea - Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants. DOI: 10.3767/000651916X691330
  7. Paulo C. Baleeiro, Richard W. Jobson and Russell L. Barratt. 2020. Drosera stipularis, A New Species for the D. petiolaris Complex from Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. Telopea: Journal of Plant Systematics. 23; 35-40.
  8. Andreas Fleischmann. 2019. Drosera xerophila (Droseraceae), A New Species from Overberg District, South Africa, and An Overview of the Rosetted Hemicryptophyte Sundew Species from Western Cape Province. Willdenowia. 48(1); 93-107 (DOI: 10.3372/wi.48.48106
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