古希臘語

其他寫法

詞源

晚期邁錫尼希臘語中已經出現(Ta-716 from Pylos),以雙數形式 (qi-si-pe-e, 兩隻劍)出現(象形文字作)。源頭可能非希臘語族,可能借自埃及語 (劍,刀)[1]如果並非如此,則可能兩者均源自古閃米特語 saïfsêf[2]或源自一利比亞語言,或一“海上民族”詞彙。[3]

發音

 

名詞

(xíphos) n (屬格); 三類變格

  1. (鐵器時代及古典時代的短直雙刃劍
    1. 烏賊的劍形骨
      1. 箭魚劍魚
        • 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Fragments 306
    2. 地中海唐菖蒲(Gladiolus italicus
      近義詞: (xíphion)
      • 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 7.13.1

屈折

派生詞

  • (xiphodrépanon)
  • (xiphothḗkē)
  • (xiphomákhaira)
  • (xiphourgós)
  • (xíphion)
  • (xiphíās)

拓展閱讀

  • ξίφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • ξίφος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • ξίφος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • ξίφος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 出版于1963
  • ξίφος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
  • ξίφος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [拜占庭希臘語大詞庫,尤其收錄9-12世紀用語], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • A. Heubeck, 'Mykenisch *qi-si-po- = ξίφος', Minos 6 (1958), 114–116.
  1. Template:R:cop:Černý
  2. Johannes Dümichen, Historische Inschriften altägyptischer Denkmäler vol. 1, Leipzig (1867), 26-27.
  3. John Linton Myres, Who were the Greeks?, University of California Press, 1930, p. 590

希臘語

詞源

源自古希臘語 (xíphos, s-詞幹)

名詞

(xífos) n

變格

近義詞

  •  n (spathí)

派生詞

  •  f (xifaschía, 擊劍)
  •  m (xifías, 劍魚)
  •  n (xifídio, 匕首)
  •  m (xifiós, 劍魚)
  •  f (xifothíki, )
  •  f (xifolónchi, 刺刀)
  •  f (xifomachía, 鬥劍)
  •  m (xifomáchos, 擊劍者,劍客)
  • (xifomachó, 擊劍,用劍打鬥)
  • (xifoulkó, 抽出劍)
  •  m (xifofóros, 劍客)
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