词源

源自拉丁語 、。

发音

• 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈni.hɪl/, /ˈniː.hɪl/, /ˈnaɪ.əl/
• 韻部：-aɪəl

名词

(可數 和 不可數，複數)

1. (可數，法律) 无答辩 （被告人拒绝辩护或回答）
2. (不可數，主要用於哲學) 虚无，无
   • 1996, David Tibet, “The Starres Are Marching Sadly Home (Theinmostlightthirdandfinal)” (lyrics):

     I shall no longer believe all the visions of my youth:
     They have dissolved into nihil.

   • 2008, Arvydas Šliogeris, Names of Nihil，頁號 13:

     All tales about the beginning are apt to eliminate the nothing and make being overall. […] Without Nihil the whirlpool of the beginning settles down and becomes a stagnant puddle of pure being. Nihil disappears.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2009, Walter Brueggemann, An Unsettling God: The Heart of the Hebrew Bible，頁號 143:

     That is, in the sovereign act of creation, whereby YHWH orders chaos, YHWH provisionally defeated the power of the Nihil but did not destroy or eliminate the threat of chaos.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

发音

• 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈnihil/

代词

1. (不定代词) 无，没有事物

其他形式

• (晚期及中世纪拉丁语)

词源

源自，源自 (“不”) +‎ (“一丁点”)。

发音

• (古典拉丁語) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈni.hil/, [ˈni(ɦ)ɪɫ̪]

• （古典）音频：

  (檔案)

• (古典拉丁語) 國際音標^(幫助)：/niːl/, [niːɫ̪]
• (教會拉丁語) 國際音標^(幫助)：/ˈni.kil/, [ˈniːkil]

代词

 n 單 (无变化，无属格)

1. (不定) 没有东西

   Nīl·ne in mentem·st? ― 你什么都想不到吗？

   Nihil est. ― 这没什么。

   Nihil sub sōle novum. ― 太阳底下没有新鲜事。(谚语)

   • c. 185 BCE – 159 BCE, Publius Terentius Afer, Heauton Timorumenos 1.77:

     Homo sum, humani nihil a me alienum puto.

     I am a man, I consider nothing that is human alien to me.

   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.8:

     Nihil agis, nihil moliris, nihil cogitas quod non ego non modo audiam sed etiam videam planeque sentiam.

     You do nothing, you plan nothing, you think of nothing which I not only do not hear, but which I do not see and know every particular of.

参考资料

• nihil in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• “nihil”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• 在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• nihil在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典), Hachette中的內容
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I cannot wait till..: nihil mihi longius est or videtur quam dum or quam ut
    
  • nothing is more tiresome to me than..: nihil mihi longius est quam (c. Inf.)
    
  • a wise man is in no way affected by this: hoc nihil ad sapientem pertinet
    
  • to live a life free from all misfortune: nihil calamitatis (in vita) videre
    
  • to afford no consolation: nihil habere consolationis
    
  • to considerably (in no way) further the common good: multum (nihil) ad communem utilitatem afferre
    
  • I will refuse you nothing: nihil tibi a me postulanti recusabo
    
  • not to trouble oneself about a thing: nihil omnino curare
    
  • there is nothing I am more interested in than..: nihil antiquius or prius habeo quam ut (nihil mihi antiquius or potius est, quam ut)
    
  • to live as scrupulously moral a life as ever: nihil ex pristina virtute remittere
    
  • to do no business with a man: nihil cum aliquo contrahere
    
  • not to mention..: ut non (nihil) dicam de...
    
  • but this is not to the point: sed hoc nihil (sane) ad rem
    
  • there is something in what you say; you are more or less right: aliquid (τι) dicis (opp. nihil dicis)
    

其他形式

词源

源自拉丁語 。

发音

• 國際音標^(幫助)：/nihel/
• 韻部：-hel, -el

数词

(爪夷文)

1. 零