词源

源自中古英語 ，源自古英語 (“死”)，源自原始日耳曼語 (“僵硬；死”)，源自原始印歐語 (“弱，麻”)，或原始印歐語 (“僵硬”)，源自 (“僵”)，或者上述词的异文合并。同源词包括低地蘇格蘭語 (“死，消失”)、薩特弗里斯蘭語 (“死”)、西弗里斯蘭語 (“死”)、荷蘭語 (“死”)、德國低地德語 (“死”)、德語 (“死”)、冰島語 (“脾气差的；刚愎的”)、阿爾巴尼亞語 (“贫瘠的；贫瘠的土地”)。

发音

• (標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助)：/stɑːv/
• (通用美式) 國際音標^(幫助)：/stɑɹv/

• （美国）音频：

  (檔案)

• 韻部：-ɑː(ɹ)v

动词

(第三人稱單數簡單現在時，現在分詞，過去式，過去分詞)

1. (不及物) 饿死
   • 1990, Chen Yizi ()（被引）, Children of the Dragon: The Story of Tiananmen Square‎, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁號 48:

     During the Cultural Revolution I was exiled to Xincai County in Henan Province. There, 36 percent of the people starved to death in the early 1960s.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2007, Lisa Wingate, A Thousand Voices，頁號 76:

     "When all of you starve to death, Shasta, don't come crying to me, that's all."

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2. (不及物) 非常饿，饿得要死

   Hey, ma, I'm starving! What's for dinner?

   喂，老妈，我要饿死了！晚饭吃啥？

3. (及物) （尤指通过断粮）摧毁，使...屈服；使...饿死

   近義詞：

4. (及物) 剥夺 （粮食或必需物品）

   The uncaring parents starved the child of love.

   冷漠的父母剥夺了孩子应得的爱。

   The patient's brain was starved of oxygen.

   患者的脑部供氧不足。

5. (不及物) （因缺乏某物而）恶化，情况变差
6. (及物，英國，特別用於約克郡和蘭開夏) 使...冻死

   I was half starved waiting out in that wind.

   我在那风里等人，被冻了个半死。

   • 1869 February, , The original illuminated clock almanack:

     Wheniver he wor starved, he used to get th' seck o' coils ov his back, an' walk raand th' haase till he gat warm agean.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1886, A Queer Supper, John Heywood, section 8:

     One i' th' morning an' me starv'd to th' death wi' waitin' up.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1898, , “When the May-Fly is Up”, 出自 A Cotswold village; or, Country Life & Pursuits in Gloucestershire, London: , →OCLC，頁號 164:

     Sometimes he remarks, “ ’Tis these dreadful frostis that spiles everything. ’Tis enough to sterve anybody.”

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

7. (不及物，棄用) 死亡；（晚期用法中指）慢慢死去
   • 1596, , “Book IV, Canto I”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 4，頁號 6:

     Seuen moneths he ſo her kept in bitter ſmart, / Becauſe his ſinfull luſt ſhe would not ſerue, / Vntill ſuch time as noble Britomart / Releaſed her, that elſe was like to ſterue / Through cruell knife that her deare heart did kerue.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

延伸阅读

• “starve”, Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, OCLC 800618302
• John A. Simpson and Edward S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “starve, v.”, The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd版, Oxford: Clarendon Press, ISBN 978-0-19-861186-8

异序词

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