Voiced bilabial plosive
b
IPA Number102
Audio sample
source · help
Encoding
Entity (decimal)b
Unicode (hex)U+0062
X-SAMPAb
Braille⠃ (braille pattern dots-12)

The voiced bilabial plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is b, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is b. The voiced bilabial stop occurs in English, and it is the sound denoted by the letter b in obey [obeɪ] (obeI).

Features

Features of the voiced bilabial stop:

Varieties

IPADescription
bplain b
labialised
b̜ʷsemi-labialised
b̹ʷstrongly labialised
palatalised
breathy voiced
velarised

Occurrence

Occurrence of [b] in several languages
Language Word IPA Meaning Notes
Adygheбгъу / bġ°[bʁʷə]'nine'
ArabicStandard[1]باب / baab / bāb[baːb]'door'See Arabic phonology
Assyrianܒܒܐ baba[baːba]'father'
ArmenianEastern[2]բարի/bari[bɑˈɾi]'kind'
Basquebero[beɾo]'hot'
Bengaliলো / balo[bɔlo]'say!'Contrasts with aspirated form. See Bengali phonology
Catalan[3]bell[ˈbeʎ]'beautiful'See Catalan phonology
Chechenборз / borz[borz]'wolf'
Czechbota[ˈbota]'boot'See Czech phonology
Dutch[4]boer[buːr]'farmer'See Dutch phonology
Englishaback[əˈbæk]'aback'See English phonology
Esperantobatalo[baˈtalo]'war'See Esperanto phonology
Filipinobuto[buto]'bone'
French[5]boue[bu]'mud'See French phonology
Georgian[6]ავშვი / bavšvi[ˈbavʃvi]'child'
Germanaber[ˈäːbɐ]'but'See Standard German phonology
Greekμπόχα / bócha[ˈbo̞xa]'reek'See Modern Greek phonology
Gujaratiક્રી / bakri[bəkri]'goat'See Gujarati phonology
Hebrewבית / báyit[bajit]'house'See Modern Hebrew phonology
Hindustani Hindi बाल / bāl [bäːl] 'hair' Contrasts with aspirated version /bʱ/. See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Urdu بال / bāl
Hungarianbaba[ˈbɒbɒ]'baby'See Hungarian phonology
Italian[7]bile[ˈbile]'rage'See Italian phonology
Japanese[8] / ban[baɴ]'(one's) turn'See Japanese phonology
Kabardianбгъуы/bg"uy[bʁʷə]'nine'
Korean지붕 / jibung[t͡ɕibuŋ]'roof'See Korean phonology
Kurdish Northern bav [bɑːv] 'father' See Kurdish phonology
Central باوک/bâwk [bɑːwk]
Southern باوگ/bâwig [bɑːwɨg]
Luxembourgish[9]geblosen[ɡ̊əˈbloːzən]'blown'More often voiceless [p].[9] See Luxembourgish phonology
Macedonianубав/ubav[ˈubav]'beautiful'See Macedonian phonology
Malaybaru[bäru]'new'
Maltesegħatba[aːtˈba]'threshold'
Marathiटाटा / baṭāṭā[bəˈʈaːʈaː]'potato'See Marathi phonology
Nepaliबाटो / bāṭo[bäʈo]'path'See Nepali phonology
Norwegianbål[ˈbɔːl]'bonfire'See Norwegian phonology
Odiaବା/barô[bärɔ]'twelve'Contrasts with aspirated form.
Persianخوب/ xub[xub]'good'See Persian phonology
Pirahãpibaóí[ˈpìbàóí̯]'parent'
Polish[10]bas[bäs]'bass'See Polish phonology
Portuguese[11]bato[ˈbatu]'I strike'See Portuguese phonology
Punjabiਬਿੱਲੀ/billī[bɪlːi]'cat'
Romanian[12]bou[bow]'bull'See Romanian phonology.
Russian[13]рыба / ryba[ˈrɨbə]'fish'Contrasts with palatalized form. See Russian phonology
Serbo-Croatian[14]биће / biće[bǐːt͡ɕě]'being'See Serbo-Croatian phonology
Slovakb[bi̞c]'to be'
Slovene biti [ˈbìːt̪í] 'to be'
Slovene obmetati [obⁿmeˈt̪àːt̪í] 'to pelt' Allophone of /b/ before /m/. See Slovene phonology
Southern Min / ban [ban] 'Fujian province' Only in colloquial speech.
Spanish[15]invertir[ĩmbe̞ɾˈt̪iɾ]'to invest'See Spanish phonology
Swedishbra[ˈbɾɑː]'good'May be an approximant in casual speech. See Swedish phonology
Teluguడి[badi]'school'Contrasts with aspirated form. Aspirated form is articulated as breathy consonant.
Thai ัด / bam-bàt [bam.bat̚] 'therapy' See Thai phonology
Turkishbulut[ˈbuɫut̪]'cloud'See Turkish phonology
Tyapbai[bai]'to come'
Ukrainian[16]брат / brat[brɑt̪]'brother'See Ukrainian phonology
Welsh mab [mɑːb] 'son' See Welsh phonology
West Frisianbak[bak]'tray'
Wu / bi [bi] 'skin'
Xiang / baw [bau] 'to float'
Yi / bbo[bo˧]'mountain'
ZapotecTilquiapan[17]bald[bald]'few'

See also

Notes

References

  • Carbonell, Joan F.; Llisterri, Joaquim (1992), "Catalan", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 22 (1–2): 53–56, doi:10.1017/S0025100300004618, S2CID 249411809
  • Cruz-Ferreira, Madalena (1995), "European Portuguese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 25 (2): 90–94, doi:10.1017/S0025100300005223, S2CID 249414876
  • Danyenko, Andrii; Vakulenko, Serhii (1995), Ukrainian, Lincom Europa, ISBN 9783929075083
  • Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009), Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company
  • Fougeron, Cecile; Smith, Caroline L (1993), "Illustrations of the IPA:French", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 23 (2): 73–76, doi:10.1017/S0025100300004874, S2CID 249404451
  • Gilles, Peter; Trouvain, Jürgen (2013), "Luxembourgish" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 43 (1): 67–74, doi:10.1017/S0025100312000278
  • Gussenhoven, Carlos (1992), "Dutch", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 22 (2): 45–47, doi:10.1017/S002510030000459X, S2CID 243772965
  • Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 33 (1): 103–107, doi:10.1017/S0025100303001191
  • Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Fernández-Planas, Ana Ma.; Carrera-Sabaté, Josefina (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 33 (2): 255–259, doi:10.1017/S0025100303001373
  • Merrill, Elizabeth (2008), "Tilquiapan Zapotec" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 38 (1): 107–114, doi:10.1017/S0025100308003344
  • Okada, Hideo (1999), "Japanese", in International Phonetic Association (ed.), Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the Use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge University Press, pp. 117–119, ISBN 978-0-52163751-0
  • Padgett, Jaye (2003), "Contrast and Post-Velar Fronting in Russian", Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 21 (1): 39–87, doi:10.1023/A:1021879906505, S2CID 13470826
  • Rogers, Derek; d'Arcangeli, Luciana (2004), "Italian", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 34 (1): 117–121, doi:10.1017/S0025100304001628
  • Shosted, Ryan K.; Chikovani, Vakhtang (2006), "Standard Georgian" (PDF), Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 36 (2): 255–264, doi:10.1017/S0025100306002659
  • Thelwall, Robin (1990), "Illustrations of the IPA: Arabic", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 20 (2): 37–41, doi:10.1017/S0025100300004266, S2CID 243640727
  • Landau, Ernestina; Lončarić, Mijo; Horga, Damir; Škarić, Ivo (1999), "Croatian", Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 66–69, ISBN 978-0-521-65236-0
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